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Archives for 2013

Scriptnotes, Ep 85: Another Time and Place — Transcript

April 21, 2013 Scriptnotes Transcript

The original post for this episode can be found [here](http://johnaugust.com/2013/another-time-and-place).

**John August:** Hello and welcome. My name is John August.

**Craig Mazin:** My name is Craig Mazin.

**John:** And this is Scriptnotes, episode 85, a podcast about screenwriting and things that are interesting to screenwriters.

How are you, Craig?

**Craig:** I’m good. I like that “things that interesting to screenwriters.” A little syncopation.

**John:** I’m trying to break it up just a little bit. Trying to get that T in the interesting.

**Craig:** Oh, well, don’t betray who you are.

**John:** Yeah. I don’t want to throw Aline Brosh McKenna for a loop. But, every once in a while I’ll mix it up a little bit.

So, Craig, let’s start with the bummer news is that we had another screenwriting colleague pass away over this past week. Mike France, a screenwriter who did Hulk and did other good movies.

**Craig:** Yeah. He had a story credit on GoldenEye, which was the Bond movie that kind of turned the franchise around.

**John:** So, Michael France, a screenwriter I never actually met in person I don’t think. If I did it was at some sort of Austin thing where I got introduced to a whole bunch of people. But who I first sort of came in contact with because he ended up buying and running a movie theater in Tampa, Florida I want to say.

**Craig:** I believe that’s right.

**John:** Somewhere in Florida. And he wanted to do a screening of The Nines. And so we got him a print of The Nines so he could show The Nines at his little theater in Florida. And he was lovely about it all. And so we were very sad to get word this week that he had passed away.

**Craig:** Yeah, I’ve never met Mike France in person and yet — and this is the way of the internet now — I’ve known him for nine years. For nine years, going all the way back to Writer Action which was once a very cool place, and I think now is just a ghost town. But, it was sort of the original place where screenwriters started meeting on the internet.

And he’s a really good guy. And he was one of those guys who somewhere along the line said, “I don’t want to write anymore. Either things aren’t going well for me in the business or I’ve become disinterested in the business, so I’m going to try and do something else.” And there are a world of writers who write professionally at a successful level for many years and then somewhere in their 40s say, “Okay, I don’t want to do this anymore. And it’s time for act two,” which they say nobody gets in America, but people do.

And he was living in Florida. He bought this movie theater that was one of the old movie houses, I guess, and tried to program it the way he wanted a movie theater to be programmed. So, it wasn’t a multiplex. It was a single screen, I believe. And he showed what he wanted to show. And I think somewhat predictably he struggled. It’s hard, you know.

And as the years went on it got harder because the way the business is moving, you know, everything is digital distribution now and that would require a big upgrade to the facility and all the rest of it. But, he stuck with it.

I think Mike France broke into the business with his spec script for Cliffhanger.

**John:** That could very well be right.

**Craig:** And so he has his name on a lot of big movies. And he died very young. He was, I think, 51 or something like that. He had diabetes. And it’s interesting — he was not a big man. He was a pretty thin guy, actually.

So, I don’t know if this was adult-onset diabetes. It wasn’t obesity related, so I’m not sure. But he was struggling with his health for a while. So, this is sort of the bad news comes in threes.

**John:** We lost Mike France, Don Rhymer, and Don Payne.

**Craig:** And Don Payne, yeah.

**John:** All quite recently. And so looking at this I wondered to what degree is that really just a cluster because we are now entering a certain age where some people are going to pass away. And that’s the sad aspect of mortality.

**Craig:** Yes. A depressing thought.

**John:** A depressing thought. But that does happen. So, we’re sad to hear of Mike France’s passing and of other gentlemen. And what a depressing way to start a podcast.

**Craig:** Well, I know. And I hope that this isn’t one of those seasons. You know, life is seasons. I remember Bar Mitzvah season. And I remember Sweet 16 season, and marriage season. And then there was, thankfully, a brief divorce season where it seemed like all of my friends who were going to get divorces got them. And now, you know, as a lot of my friends enter their 50s, I just hope that this isn’t — and this is the season where people who die young die.

I hope that’s not the case. I mean, there’s just been three. Maybe it will just stay at three.

**John:** Let’s go for the next season, so like people having babies season. That’s always a good thing.

**Craig:** Well, yeah, we’ve pretty much been through the baby season, I think. I think the next season is going to be grandchild season. Is that possible?

**John:** Oh my.

**Craig:** I know. No, that’s a ways off.

**John:** That’s a ways off. My kid is seven, so hopefully no grandchildren any time soon.

**Craig:** Maybe impotence season is just around the corner. [laughs]

**John:** How about unexpected successes season? Or like, maturing second act season?

**Craig:** Second act season sounds good. And speaking of second act seasons, Mr. Derek Haas, who was our guest on a recent podcast, and who is in Chicago working on his fine show Chicago Fire, told me that he and his wife Christy saw your show in previews and thought it was terrific.

**John:** Well, thank you. That’s great to hear. Derek was very generous to come on our very first night of performances where we weren’t even sure we were going to be able to keep the curtain up. And we did. And so now we’re two weeks in. We actually have our official opening on Friday, which is exciting and terrifying.

And so one of the things I’ve been trying to describe to people, it’s like you’re at the Avid and you can make some changes, but every night you have to put it up on stage. And so if there’s a change you want to make, you have to figure out, like, “Okay, if we make this part of this change will the whole thing still make sense for like the people who bought their ticket for 7:30 at night?” And so that’s been the really exciting but challenging thing is that if you want to change a song, well, you have to teach the new song, and you have to re-orchestrate it, and you have to get the choreography in. And you have to redo the lighting cues.

And we have about five hours every afternoon before we have to put on the show. So, that has been the thrill of this last week. But, we’re nearing — there’s light at the end of some tunnel ahead of us, which is Friday, which is our grand opening.

**Craig:** Well, I was talking about it with Aline. And we were saying, “Should we go? Are we bad friends? I mean, should we go and see the show now in Chicago?” And I thought, well, maybe we are bad friends, but, I kind of want to see it on Broadway, you know?

**John:** Yeah. And you’ll see it on Broadway soon enough. September 5 is the first performance. October 6 is our opening on Broadway. So, the only reason I encourage people to see it in Chicago, like friends to see it in Chicago, is there’s always that chance the meteor is going to hit, and therefore the world won’t exist on September 5, so I want people to come see it here.

**Craig:** Right.

**John:** But, you’re not terrible friends for not coming to Chicago.

**Craig:** No. We’re just garden variety bad friends.

**John:** Yes.

**Craig:** Very good. I can live with that.

**John:** Yeah. Inconsiderate. Yeah.

**Craig:** That’s actually an upgrade for me. [laughs]

**John:** [laughs] And speaking of friendship, we had an interview in Fast Company. It’s our first national press we’ve done about the podcast this last week. And it was an interesting article. It was a very long interview, if I recall. It was like an hour-long of an interview for an article that was ten paragraphs.

**Craig:** Yeah.

**John:** But one of the things we brought up in that, which I don’t know that people are necessarily aware of, is that you and I weren’t like best buds when we started doing this podcast. We were acquaintances, but we weren’t like hanging out with each other kind of friends.

**Craig:** Yeah. That’s absolutely right. It’s not that we were enemies, [laughs], just, you know, we were acquaintances. I always liked talking to you. And we had spoken a few times. And we had spent a week together on a little business thing.

But, yeah, I’ve gotten to know you through the podcast.

**John:** Yeah. People might anticipate that we have these long conversations about what’s going to happen on the podcast. No. It’s literally like Craig hops on Skype about five minutes late, we talk through for about 30 seconds what’s going to happen, and then we start the show.

**Craig:** That’s exactly right.

**John:** So, you’re experiencing it the way we’re experiencing it.

**Craig:** And, by the way, that’s how I experience life.

**John:** Indeed. About five minutes late for everything.

**Craig:** Yeah.

**John:** Craig, today I thought on the podcast we would talk about sort of the writing environment. Not the industry, but sort of literally what it’s like as you sit down to write. And what places you write. How you write. The times you write. Who is around you when you write, which is I think there is this ideal that we should go into a cabin in the woods and just be along with our thoughts. But so rarely is that actually how we’re doing our writing.

**Craig:** Right.

**John:** And then we would take a look at three Three Page Challenges from other brave listeners who have sent in their scripts for us to take a look at and learn from what they’ve done. And, hopefully, help them be even better. Sound good?

**Craig:** I think it’s a terrific plan and I question none of it.

**John:** Great. So, let’s talk about the writing environment, because Craig right now you do most of your writing, I’m guessing, at your office which is secluded except for when all the sirens go buy and then Stuart has to cut out the background noise.

**Craig:** Correct. Yes. It’s just me and the emergency personnel. I do have — it’s funny, I actually have somebody that works for me now who isn’t an assistant. She’s sort of my — how do I put it? She’s my creative sounding board person.

So, she and I sit together in my office while I’m figuring the story out. Because I’ve come to find that even if I’m the one who’s figuring it out, having someone there and being able to talk about it is better. My mind works better and faster. And I tend to get rid of stuff that is precious faster and get to the heart of what matters faster.

So, that part of it I’ve been doing with somebody. But when I actually sit and write, then I’m alone.

**John:** Yeah. I have gone through many scenarios of sort of how I best write. Classically when I start a new script I’ll have done some outlining and sometimes I’ll share that outlining or sort of the big white board or the cards. And sometimes I will share that with people.

I tend to go off and sort of barricade myself at a hotel someplace out of town and just handwrite as many scenes as I possibly can over a period of three or four days. And just kill myself on it so I can sort of break the back of it. If I can get like 45, 50 pages written that way, then I know I can actually finish it, that I’ve gotten sort of ahead of steam.

What’s been interesting working on — in TV shows certainly — but also doing Big Fish is that I don’t have that luxury of going away to do something. Literally I have to do it right there in front of things. So, sometimes I’ve had to like come up with a new joke like while people are waiting for the joke to be inserted there.

More often, like we’ll be in the rehearsal room in New York and they’ll be doing one scene in front of me and I’m on my laptop doing a completely different scene in a different part of the show on my screen. And that ability to sort of switch back and forth is almost like code shifting, where I have to think, like, “Right here I’m in this place in Ashton while over there they are at the cave with the giant.” And I have to be able to sort of do both things at once.

**Craig:** I kind of love that, don’t you?

**John:** It’s very exciting. It’s very tough on your brain, because you’re literally have to… — It’s like one of those magic eye puzzles, also, where you have to see both things at the same time.

**Craig:** Mm-hmm.

**John:** Then, sort of this process right now of, you know, we’re making the tweaks on Big Fish. Andrew Lippa and I share a little tiny dressing room that’s honestly like a little prison cell on the second floor of the theater.

And he has the keyboard set up on what would be like the makeup table part of the dressing. He has a full 88-key keyboard set up there. So, he has that. He has his laptop on a music stand. I have my laptop on my lap. And there’s only two chairs in the place. And like we’re literally three feet away from each other having to write all this stuff, which is scary but also really terrific.

It feels like you’re at the cockpit and you’re in control of things.

**Craig:** Yes. Yes.

**John:** The most challenging thing, though, is when you try to work on a song, if the show is actually playing then you have these speakers and we cannot turn it down low enough. Like, you’re trying to write one song while Kate Baldwin is singing Time Stops over there. And it just doesn’t…

**Craig:** [laughs] You got to pull the wires out of that speaker.

**John:** Actually our speaker in our little room can turn down all the way, but in the hallway you have to keep it playing.

**Craig:** Oh, I see.

**John:** And so there’s no way to sort of shut that completely out.

**Craig:** Yeah. That’s very hard.

My normal writing mode is to just, the room you just described sounds great for me. I’ve never been one of those guys who shows up and people will say, “Well, we can get you this office or put you here.” I’m like, “Why don’t you put me in the closest thing to a closet you have? I don’t want windows. I need a chair, a desk, an outlet, and a light.”

**John:** Yeah.

**Craig:** And that’s it. Because ultimately when you’re writing everything around you goes away anyway. But the most fun, I guess, for me is when it is like the hullabaloo of live theater. Actually why I would love to work in theater. Because, for instance, on the last Hangover movie there was one day in particular I remember where Todd and I were, we had a scene written and we sat with the guys and we rehearsed it. And there was something about it that was wobbly here or there. And we were trying to find some interesting things.

So, we just kept rehearsing and rehearsing with the guys and I was sitting there with my laptop sort of writing in changes as it was going in sort of notesy form. And then we kind of found what we wanted. And then the two of us went and sat down in those little, you know, like the makeup and hair people bring those little lawn chair type things, you know?

**John:** Definitely.

**Craig:** To hang out in. So, we just stole two of those and we sat there. And while this entire sound stage of, you know, work was going on, the two of us just huddled around my computer and we did it.

And you felt like you were in the movies. It was one of those nice moments we’re you’re actually like, “Oh, this is the way the movies show how movies are written.” But it was really just that one scene.

But, I love that. I mean, that’s fun.

**John:** Definitely. It’s that sense of all this stuff is swirling around you and you have to be nice and quiet in your little cocoon that you’re creating, this little invisible shield around yourself where inside that little shield you’re in a completely different space and time.

Last week on the podcast we were talking about how one of the functions and skills of any kind of creative writing is the ability to imagine an alternate scenario, an alternate way that things could be. And so whether you envision yourself in that, or you envision your characters there, so often as I’m writing I’m not literally at the place I physically am at. I’m somewhere else. I’m like off in the forest with these characters doing their thing.

And the ability to fully visualize what that world is like for those characters and place yourself in there, I mean, you are literally just the camera who is observing these characters doing that thing.

So, one of the challenges I find sometimes is remembering what it’s like inside that world, because sometimes you’ll have to hit pause and you’ll have to, you know, set down that script for a month while you work on something else.

So, right from the very start when I start a new project I try to gather up some things that remind me of what it’s like to be inside that world. And so those can be songs. So, I’ll tend to make a playlist on iTunes of like these are the songs that are like this movie, or what it feels like to be inside this movie. And then if I have to leave and come back to it I can sort of play through that playlist and remember, like, okay, this is what it felt like to be inside of that world.

Another trick, and this seems really sort of esoteric and weird, but some other sense can get you there. Literally, like there’s this one project which I found this candle that smelled exactly like what that world smelled like. And so literally smelling that I could remember, oh, that’s what it feels like to be in that world. That seems really Namby Pamby, but it was actually really, really helpful.

**Craig:** It’s both Namby Pamby and helpful.

**John:** Yes. It can be both things at once. What it was, it was very much like a Tahitian Island kind of feel. And like that Tahitian Island kind of candle got me back to feeling what that was like.

**Craig:** Have you been to the Tahitian Islands?

**John:** No. I know you have been. So, Craig, tell me about it. Tell me all about your fish stew.

**Craig:** Mm. No, no, no, Poisson Cru. It’s not stew.

**John:** I’m sorry.

**Craig:** [laughs] It’s not stew.

**John:** I’m sorry. It’s like slicked fish with stuff dumped over it.

**Craig:** How dare you! How dare you! Their culture gave you a candle that helped you write.

**John:** Yes. [laughs]

**Craig:** And this is the thanks you give in return? You know what? This week’s One Cool Thing is Poisson Cru.

**John:** Yeah. So, on the topic of environments, a lot of writers find that they need to go — they need to around white noise. They need to be in some sort of Starbucks kind of environment. And so, yes, it’s a cliché of like every laptop in a Starbucks, you could look, it’s all formatted in screenplay format.

**Craig:** Yeah.

**John:** But it’s understandable why people want to do that. It’s that sense of they need to be outside of their own head because it gets too loud to just be in their own head. And as I start first drafts, while I will be in my hotel room writing a lot, I’ll also just like go out and be in a food court of a mall and write stuff there.

**Craig:** Yes.

**John:** Because it is very helpful to like be around other people but sort of not have to interact with them.

**Craig:** Well, it also adds an immediate accountability because you simply can’t… — I mean, let’s face it. If you’re at home alone or in your office alone writing and you aren’t disciplined about it, frankly you’re always two minutes away from masturbating. That’s just reality.

**John:** [laughs]

**Craig:** Now, I’m very disciplined.

**John:** Yes.

**Craig:** I’m a very disciplined writer.

**John:** Yeah. He’s a monk.

**Craig:** I am very monk-like when I write. My office is pure. But if you’re writing at Starbucks or a coffee shop, well, that can’t happen.

**John:** Very true.

**Craig:** Neither can you sit and, because you’re going to feel like such a goof if you’re just sitting there watching dumb YouTube videos or something. So you have to… — There’s a great Mitchell and Webb. You know what? This week’s One Cool Thing is going to be Mitchell and Webb. I love — are you familiar with those guys?

**John:** I recognize the names but I don’t know what their videos are.

**Craig:** I’ll save it for the end, but they had a great sketch where this, this British sketch comedy show, and this woman introduces her husband at this party to this other guy. And she said, “Oh, you might want to talk to him because my husband just started working at home while I’m at the office. And I know that you work at home. And maybe you can give him tips.”

And he’s like, “Sure.” And the wife walks away and goes, “So, so you’ve just been wanking a lot, haven’t you?” [laughs] It’s just about dealing with that.

**John:** [laughs] Yes.

**Craig:** Dealing with that problem.

**John:** Yes. And honestly that’s one of the reasons, good arguments, I’m not talking about masturbation specifically, but having an assistant, having Stuart who comes to the office from 10 to 6 every day is good in the sense of like it makes it feel more like work. And I think that’s part of the reason why people tend to go out to Starbucks or wherever else to do some of the writing is because if they’re just at home they feel like they’re at home and they’re just in home mode.

And so sometimes being out in a different environment makes them feel like I’m not in home mode. I’m actually in some sort of work environment, some sort of work place.

**Craig:** Right. And if all these other people around you have their Final Draft or Movie Magic open, you should, too.

We are romantics. Writers are romantics. Screenwriting itself, the reality is it’s incredibly unromantic. But, it helps us write if we feel romantic at times. And writing in a coffee shop feels vaguely romantic.

**John:** Mm-hmm.

**Craig:** Particularly if you contextualize it as, “I’m writing the next great movie in a coffee shop.” And so you keep writing. Anything to keep you going, folks. I’m okay with those delusions. It’s all good.

**John:** Use your delusions. Let’s do that. And so let’s talk about some scenes that people have sent in which could have been written in coffee shops, they could have been written in other environments, and see if we can help these people make their scripts even better.

**Craig:** Fantastic.

**John:** So, the three Three Page Challenge samples that we’re going to do today, they were sent in to johnaugust.com/threepage. Every couple of weeks we take a look at some of these samples that people send in. If you would like to read along with us, those PDFs are available at johnaugust.com/podcast. And you can download them and read them with us and see if you agree with what we say, or if you have other suggestions.

The first one I want to take a look at is called Blood Money. It’s by Charlie Lyons.

**Craig:** Yeah.

**John:** And let’s get started.

**Craig:** All right.

**John:** So, this is actually a TV pilot. I’ll give the recap on this one if that’s okay.

**Craig:** Sure.

**John:** It’s a TV pilot. And so we’re starting in the teaser of the TV pilot. So, we’re in an ambulance. The siren is blasting. Lights are flashing. Inside the ambulance we see the driver and the passenger seat guy. I don’t know what you call these two positions. But, Tanya Suarez is the driver. She’s been doing this for 15 years. She’s really intimidating.

Jimmy Kiley is the young guy next to her. She’s asking questions about, “So what do you in this situation.” Like the family is there. She’s basically talking through how do you handle certain situations, stuff that comes up.

She’s driving kind of like a maniac. And as she sort of gets through an intersection there’s like a long approach as we’re getting to this thing and this car going to get out of the way. She ends up making it through the intersection but sort of causes an accident because of it.

The reach the city park, the baseball diamond, where they are there to get somebody. It turns out it’s a gunshot victim. The guy who’s there with the gunshot victim asks, like, “Is he going to make it?” And Jimmy who’s our young guy, who’s just learned the thing you’re supposed to say is, “We’re doing everything we can. We’re doing everything we can.”

The guy who’s talking to him then suddenly shoots that guy a couple more times, the guy on the ground, to make sure that he’s actually going to die. And that is the end of our three pages.

**Craig:** Right. Well, and don’t forget, “Pre-lap: — the BREATHING of sex.”

**John:** I’m sorry. An important pre-lap on the bottom of page three. The breathing sounds of sex.

**Craig:** The breathing of sex. So, well let’s, I want to talk just about the first two paragraphs. And then I’ll go larger with it. But, the thing about screenwriting is you can get away with clunky prose, because no one is going to hear the clunky prose or see the clunky prose. And the idea is, okay, if everybody gets what you’re going for here, okay.

But when you’re writing stuff that is speculative and you want people to be interested, it rattles confidence. So, I just want to talk about some clunky stuff going on here.

“Siren BLASTING, Lights,” capitalized L, “FLASHING, the ambulance…” So, we’re already backwards. “Siren BLASTING, Lights FLASHING, the ambulance…” you know, I’d rather just start with “An ambulance. Siren BLASTING, Lights FLASHING, it flies.” I don’t like this backwards structure.

Try and avoid Yoda writing as much as you can.

“The ambulance flies past run-down triple-decker houses in Boston.” All right, here’s how I read that. The ambulance flies, past, run. What? [laughs] Oh, down. “Triple-decker houses in Boston. It’s a truck.” What?

**John:** Wait, what’s a truck? The triple-decker houses are a truck?

**Craig:** Or the ambulance is a truck? No it’s not, it’s an ambulance. I know what an ambulance is. You don’t have to tell me what an ambulance is! “A red and white behemoth.” I know what color it is! It’s okay. “Its front wrapped with a black two-foot high bumper.” What?! [laughs] You mean it has a bumper?

**John:** Yeah. What’s confusing about it is are you trying to make clear that this is a different kind of ambulance than a normal ambulance we’re supposed to be seeing? Because if that’s the case, if it really is like a special kind of, like an air wolf of ambulances, then really start with that and don’t give us the town and everything else.

**Craig:** Right. Exactly. You’ve really got to think about — understand every word is spoon fed to the reader as you want it to be. There’s nothing haphazard about this. So, if the most important thing is a beast of an ambulance, start with that. “A beast of ambulance. This thing is huge. Way bigger than any you’ve ever seen. Massive bumper. Boom. Boom. Sire BLASTING, lights FLASHING, it zooms through triple-decker houses. Boston,” whatever that is, okay. Not backwards. Not out of order.

Then we meet “TANYA SUAREZ (mid 30s) rests her hand with cigarette out the…”

“…rests her hand with cigarette out the open driver’s window.” There’s something about the way these sentences are coming together that is so confusing.

“TANYA SUAREZ (mid 30s), smokes.” That’s all we need there. We don’t need the hand with the cigarette out the open driver’s window. Okay.

Then, the next thing, “The SIREN,” capitalized now, but not before, “floods in.” So, just is coming in, or why is the siren flooding in? We understand that if you’re in an ambulance and there’s a sire on and you’re driving the ambulance that the siren is going on at the same time. We don’t need the siren to be flooding in. This is fake stuff.

“Strong and tall, hot and intimidating, she’s at home in the driver’s seat, been there for fifteen years.”

**John:** Yeah. Let’s talk clauses here.

**Craig:** Yeah. Thank you.

**John:** We’ve got some Santa Clause problems here. “Strong and tall, hot and intimidating.” Okay. I’m not crazy about these descriptors…

**Craig:** No.

**John:** But this sort of structure could work fine. So “something and something, something and something, and then a full rest of your sentence, period.” You can do that, but then to put the comma, “been there for fifteen years,” I don’t know what that is. You just have four chunks of sentence that don’t get me anyplace.

So, if you wanted to start with that, something and something, something and something, da-da-da, period. That’s the rhythm of a sentence.

**Craig:** I’m so glad you said the rhythm, because that’s exactly what’s wrong here. I mean, you can get — you can use poetic license as you write prose for a screenplay, but you have to have a sense of rhythm. It’s not that people read things out loud. It’s that even our eyes connected to our brains will start to get lulled to sleep if we get la-da-da, la-da-da, la-da-da, la-da-da. We will start to get sleepy.

And, frankly, you know, and this is my pet peeve, unless it says, unless she’s got a patch on her arm that says, “My 15th year,” this is cheating. “Been there for fifteen years.”

“In the passenger seat, JIMMY KILEY (early 20s),” once again, we’re Yoda-ing, “short, nervous, and buff. He wears his uniform tight to show off his muscles.” Or perhaps what is that we see, he has a tight uniform.

**John:** Yeah.

**Craig:** I mean, we said buff. Got it. Buff. I assume that it’s not buff behind his baggy, you know, you would have said, “Buff behind his baggy uniform.” Okay, so, sorry about all that. I really felt like that was important to kind of go through how you had already sort of started off rough.

She’s doing this sort of thing we’ve seen before where the Training Day style, the tough one in charge is pop-quiz-hotshotting her rookie partner. And he says, “Load and go.” I’m not sure why he says that. That was a weird conclusion for that run.

But here’s the really weird part. There’s a blue car at a stop sign waiting for traffic. She’s trying to get through with her ambulance. The guy can’t move because there’s traffic. So, she pushes him into traffic and that blue car that she pushes into traffic gets hit by another car. In fact, another car crashes into the blue car. She casually pulls around the accident and keeps on going.

Now, at this point she needs to be arrested because she’s caused an accident. And, she’s an ambulance driver who doesn’t care that she just caused an accident. She’s not stopping to see if somebody got hurt in there. And if the point here was “look how bad ass this ambulance driver is,” you’ve miscalibrated and pushed her into “look how awful this ambulance driver is — this show is insane.”

**John:** Yeah, so nudging the car, okay, that’s aggressive but you get that. Pushing it, causing an accident that could potentially kill somebody else does push us into sort of crazy territory. And it’s not just a problem of like, oh, it makes Tanya look bad. It makes Jimmy look bad.

**Craig:** Yeah.

**John:** Like, why is Jimmy not commenting on this?

**Craig:** Right! Like Jimmy just looks back at the wreckage.

**John:** So, let’s pause for a second and have a general conversation. Sometimes you will have a sympathetic character in your story. Let’s say Jimmy is the sympathetic character in this story or this scenario that we’ve set up so far. And you say like, “Oh, that character’s not doing the bad thing.” But if that character is not responding to the bad thing, or if that character is not behaving in a way that seems reasonable, then we stop having faith in that character or the situation.

A classic example is in early seasons of The Office, and Jim and Pam were starting their flirtation, Roy was Pam’s boyfriend. And for a couple episodes he was such a monster that you started to sort of question Pam and sort of Pam’s intelligence for being around this guy.

**Craig:** Right.

**John:** And so be mindful of that. It’s not always going to be killing people in car accidents. But if you have a character who is associated with a person who is — another character who is just awful, eventually we stop having sympathy for our sympathetic character because that character is not responding in a way that seems reasonable.

**Craig:** Yeah. Absolutely true. And now we find out what his call is. They’ve arrived at a baseball field. Would have been great if we had known a little bit of that, but that’s okay, we didn’t. I mean, just so that it doesn’t seem random, like suddenly they’re parked.

It looks like a community baseball field. Not sure quite why they can’t just drive the ambulance onto the field, but let’s presume that there’s a big fence around it or something.

Jimmy finds the patient, a male. He’s been shot. And up comes this cousin, Stephen. And I like this idea. This was a cool story point. So, here’s a guy saying, “Hey, is he gonna make it?” And Jimmy, our hero, is parroting back the words that he just learned he was supposed to say, “Doing everything we can.”

And Stephen surprises us by shooting the patient three more times. Obviously he was the one who shot him in the first place. And that leads us to sex. So, that was a fun, surprising thing. It was a great turn. And I liked that. So, that was — at least of what you’ve got going here, Charlie, you have a sense of surprise. I think your sense of surprise got you into a little trouble with that car crash.

**John:** Mm-hmm.

**Craig:** But my general advice is to watch the Yoda writing and the rhythm and the kind of clumsy ordering of information that you’re doling out in your exposition.

**John:** Agreed. I think that final reveal is potentially really good. I don’t think it really worked on the page. Like, already my logic meters were sort of redlining a bit there, because why wouldn’t he have shot him more there at the time?

**Craig:** Right.

**John:** But, stepping back, I think it’s an interesting idea and it’s a good thing for the pilot of a gritty ambulance show. Fine. That’s the right kind of thing to see. And I think the overall idea of it’s like Training Day but it’s emergency workers, that’s a valid idea for a pilot.

**Craig:** Sure.

**John:** So, all of these things I want to say in favor of where we’re at right now for this.

Blood Money as a title is interesting, although it puts me in very much a crime mode idea, and maybe that’s really ultimately where the show is going.

**Craig:** Yup. It’s possible. Quite possible.

**John:** So, anyway, Charlie, thank you very much for sending in your script. I hope that’s somewhat helpful.

**Craig:** Thank you, Charlie.

**John:** Our next entry is Natural Assassin by Lisa Scott.

**Craig:** All right. I’ll summarize this one.

So, it begins with a super, a nice quote from my favorite philosopher, Frederich Nietzsche, “One must still have chaos in oneself to give birth to a dancing star.”

We fade in. It is Washington, DC, September 2063. We’re in the National Mall, the Washington Monument, and there is some kind of terrible thing going on. A huge crowd on the Mall there between the Lincoln Monument and the Capitol Dome. A huge crowd is panicking, screaming, trampling through the shallow reflecting pond. Police sirens whirl. Helicopters hover.

Then we’re inside a sewer all below this and a man named Damien Harper Bay is racing through the dark sewer, head gear bobbling off his head. We hear the sounds of the madness above him. That slowly fades away as he jogs away from the scene.

Finally gets to a manhole. Goes through, or drops a gun, I believe, yes, a weapon. Then crawls out of a manhole, up under a car. Rolls out. He’s in a parking garage. Turns out it’s the parking garage of The Kennedy Center. He brushes off his filthy self, sneaks down a hallway and gets to a dressing room with his name on it, Damien Harper Bay.

Goes inside, cleans up, gets dressed. Is called out to the stage and he gets onstage and starts playing the piano. And I’m a little confused what was going on on the stage, we’ll get to that.

**John:** There’s a thousand pianos.

**Craig:** Yeah. There’s a thousand pianos. I’m not exactly sure what’s happening. Perhaps that’s okay in 2063. And he begins playing a rendition of Nietzsche’s Einleitung, which then goes into the Ungarischer Marsch.

**John:** Yes.

**Craig:** So, that’s Natural Assassins. So, tell me, John August, esteemed screenwriter, what did you think?

**John:** All right. I’m going to step back and say I think the idea behind this is that there is a famous pianist who is actually an assassin. That’s my guess in terms of where this is going.

**Craig:** Yeah.

**John:** And that is not a bad idea. That is a reasonable idea in the sense of like a pianist can travel all over the world and no one would suspect that he’s actually a killer. So, that is reasonable as sort of a general crime assassin story.

That said, most of what I saw here was crazy town. And I had so many more questions. I have so many circles on the page here that I want to sort of talk through and figure out what’s important, what’s not important, what’s the intention here.

So, we start with a Nietzsche quote. Great. The Nietzsche quote is, “One must still have chaos in oneself to give birth to a dancing star.” All right. I don’t know how that is reflected in the stuff I’m just about to see, but okay, that’s a fine quote.

Craig, I will be honest. I skipped over September 2063 when I read this the first time, and I have no idea why we’re in the future. There’s nothing in here that says future at all to me.

**Craig:** Well, it does say helicopters hovering. They can’t do that!

**John:** Ha!

**Craig:** Oh wait.

**John:** Yes. There’s nothing in here that seems 50 years in the future.

**Craig:** Lincoln Monument! There’s no Lincoln…oh yeah, there is.

**John:** Yeah, there is. If it was the Hillary Clinton Monument, then that would be something.

**Craig:** Ah! There the Clinton Monument. That would be a great monument. I would love that actually because you know who that would drive crazy? Bill Clinton. [laughs]

**John:** [laughs]

**Craig:** Every day for the rest of his life he would just be like, “How did this happen?” Yeah, I agree.

**John:** But let’s focus on the words on the page and the action that we’re seeing. So, as we reach EXT. NATIONAL MALL, here’s the sentence: “From the top of the towering Washington Monument the view of the Capitol Dome gleams in the sunlight.”

Okay. But, the view does not actually gleam. The Capitol Dome gleams, so why is “the view of” in the sentence.

**Craig:** We are back to Yoda-Ville again.

**John:** It’s Yoda-Ville.

**Craig:** Yeah.

**John:** “In the opposite direction, the Lincoln Monument.” Okay, but now you’re just giving me a tourist guide to what Washington, DC is like. There’s nothing specific about our story here.

**Craig:** In fact, if you notice, when I was recapping I did better. [laughs] Not to brag, but it’s really: “The Mall between the Washington and the Lincoln Monument, a massive crowd trapped, scrambling like ants.” That’s all you have to say.

**John:** Mm-hmm.

**Craig:** What is this from the top of the…from the halls of Montezuma to the shores of Tripoli? It’s just not necessary. Go with what’s dramatic. I mean, you have a big crazy riot.

**John:** Craig, do think police sirens whirl?

**Craig:** No.

**John:** No, I don’t. Because here’s the question, it’s like police sirens are the sound of the siren to me. The lights, they can whirl.

**Craig:** Yes, light can whirl. Police sirens can wail.

**John:** Wail. Absolutely.

**Craig:** Yeah, they can wail. They don’t whirl. And in fact, now that you mention it, I’m just looking at this paragraph, why wouldn’t you begin inside of this panicked crowd like a riot of crazy people and then pull back to reveal it’s between the Lincoln Monument and the Washington Monument and the Capitol Dome? Why wouldn’t you do that? Isn’t that more interesting?

**John:** I think it’s probably more interesting. Yeah, it’s the question of do you start wide and go tight, or do you start tight and go wide? This is the situation where starting tight and going wide feels like it’s going to be a much better reveal.

**Craig:** Yeah. Because the reveal is interesting. Because if you start wide, what we’re staring at is the massive crowd scrambling and panicking. We don’t care that we see a monument there. Yeah, we’re basically…yeah, well, okay. Keep going.

**John:** So, let’s go on to our next block here. So, we’re inside the sewer. And I always sort of sigh when I see a sewer because it’s like the air ducts.

**Craig:** It is.

**John:** It’s one of those things that’s really convenient for narrative fiction, but it is actually not a thing that people really are in or are using or doing. And so I’d say avoid sewers as much as possible. “Below the commotion — the dark figure of a man. This is Damien Harper BAY.” Oddly, only the BAY got capitalized. If it’s the whole character’s name, let’s put the whole thing in caps.

And it’s fine if you want to call him Bay after that. We’ll get it. We’re smart. We’ll totally follow that.

The next paragraph: “Bay races through the dark sewer.” Okay, but you just used dark one sentence before that. So, let’s find a different word for it. Or, maybe we don’t need to say the sewer is dark because we sort of know that sewers are dark.

**Craig:** They’re not well lit. We know that.

**John:** Yeah. The next sentence is perplexing. “Head gear bobbles off the side of his head.” What is that?! what’s head gear? I don’t know what head gear is.

**Craig:** It’s head gear.

**John:** And so if you’re going to give us something like that, you’ve got to tell us more about what this is. I mean, is it orthodontia? Is it some sort of…

**Craig:** [laughs] It’s that thing that Joan Cusack was wearing in 16 Candles.

**John:** That’s what it is!

**Craig:** Yeah.

**John:** So, suddenly we’re in a John Hughes comedy. No, it’s probably some sort of high tech something, but I don’t know what that is. So, you’re not allowed to just give me that head gear bobbles. First off, why is it bobbling? Bobbling is like a silly word. And so I expect something kind of goofy with it. But it’s not goofy, probably, because people are wailing and screaming upstairs. So, I don’t…I don’t know what this is.

Head gear might dangle here. And dangle isn’t quite as silly as bobble. But tell us what the head gear is.

**Craig:** Yes.

**John:** “As the sounds of hysteria dissipate he slows down to a long quiet run.” Well, but…it’s not a long quiet run. What is he, just jogging?

**Craig:** He slows down to a long, quite run. Period. Next paragraph. “He slows down to an easy jog.” I guess we’re meant to watch the continuing slowing down of the run.

This is not well planned out.

**John:** No. It’s not.

So, this sewer escape sequence is not great.

**Craig:** I’m sorry. We’ve also got an alliteration issue, I just have to mention, before we move onto that part. “Sloppy sewage squishes under each step.”

**John:** Mm-hmm. Perfect for a Dr. Seuss book.

**Craig:** Right. [laughs] Exactly.

**John:** But it feels silly. And this is not a silly story. And, again, if the tone of this were very different, “sloppy sewage squishes” might actually be an appropriately kind of fun thing to do. If it’s a glamorous character who finds herself in the sewer, then “sloppy sewage squishing” could be great. But it’s not. This is some sort of assassin story. It’s a Natural Assassin.

**Craig:** Yes.

**John:** And so it doesn’t — it’s not helping us here.

When we finally get to the Kennedy Center we’re in a parking garage which is, again, one of the most generic kind of locations we can be in, so let’s try not to do that more than we absolutely need to. But then I actually did like that we were in the Kennedy Center. And I do like this idea that there is an assassin who is actually a pianist who is famous for being this, but is also a different character. That can work.

The biggest challenge here is we see him running from something, but we don’t even know what he’s running from. So, why didn’t you give us the event? Why didn’t you give us what he did and see him do his thing, and then show us who he really is? Instead you just have him running, and we don’t know if he’s running from having done something, from having seen something. We don’t have any context for this at all. So, show to us that he is a bad ass assassin. And then have the surprise that he’s actually a pianist who is going to go on and perform this amazing concerto.

**Craig:** That’s right. And I’m not exactly sure how you get away with a calm, happy audience at the Kennedy Center if there’s a massive swirling chaotic throng on the Washington Mall. Generally speaking, if there is some sort of high level assassination in Washington, everybody goes home. They don’t hand out at the Kennedy Center. There’s nobody, no stage hand is like, “Five minutes.” She’s watching TV, crying, because somebody got killed.

That part — I understand that this is the juxtaposition we want. I’m not sure you can get it this way. There’s a weird moment in here where after he cleans himself up and he’s looking at himself in the mirror, he pulls the sides of his eyes outward to narrow his eyes. First of all, there’s eyes and eyes in that sentence. “Gently tugs his top skin down in an attempt to look Asian.”

Why?

**John:** I have no idea.

**Craig:** What was that?

**John:** Yeah.

**Craig:** Why would he do that?

**John:** Yeah, it was a little bit offensive and I’m not quite sure why it was there.

**Craig:** Yeah. He fumbles with his crooked tie. The woman straightens his tie. She smells sewage smell from him. “Ugh!”

He darts up a small flight of stairs to a curtained…he’s still running around. That’s also, it’s like, if the whole idea is that you’re James Bond and you can switch characters like this, you’re not darting anywhere anymore. You’re in total command. And you shouldn’t smell bad anymore, either, unless this is somehow a clue that later we’ll follow.

But, here’s the weirdest thing of all, and I don’t know if this is because it’s in the future or not: “Bay emerges from the curtains. APPLAUSE. He glides past an orchestra of various styled pianos. A pianist alert and waiting behind each one. At the only grand piano Bay flings back his tails and takes a seat in a red velvet folding chair.”

There’s so much strange stuff here. An orchestra that’s just pianos, or mostly pianos. Or, frankly, more than one piano. I’ve never seen that before. And I don’t know, is that the way it is in the future? Are they just all pianos? Because that would sound terrible actually.

Pianos are designed to be very loud, cut-through instruments. Just a whole bunch of piano players playing together is awful. So, you have all of these — but they’ve been waiting for him. He gets the only grand piano. So, everybody else is on what? Like uprights and spinets and…crappy pianos?

**John:** Little Casios.

**Craig:** Casios. And then, he’s sitting in a red velvet folding chair. So, he would be the first — maybe they don’t have benches in the future.

**John:** No.

**Craig:** Because all the other pianists sit on benches in the world. And then the weirdest part of all — he nods to the conductor and he begins playing Nietzsche’s Einleitung. Now, I happen to be a Nietzsche fan. Nietzsche wrote some sort of crappy music I think in the 1860s before he started becoming a philosopher. It’s not anything anyone would play in a concert really. I mean, maybe one, but playing a whole bunch of it is just sort of a weird novelty act.

Again, maybe this is all explained by the future, but I have to say, I was very confused by what Lisa wrote here.

**John:** I was as well. So, let’s talk about the future because if you’re going to give us future you have to give us future. And so some of what she did here can work. And I do always respect the idea of if you have to write something in the future, show us some things that are familiar to us now, and then paint on top of that.

So, if you want to give us DC, it’s great that we have these monuments we recognize, but then you’re going to have to tell us what’s different on top of that, so we actually believe that we’re 50 years in the future. Because right now there is nothing in this that felt like it was 50 years in the future except for some un-described head gear. That was the only thing that felt unique or different.

It goes back to expectation and what audience expectation is. And so if you say that we’re in the future, you can give us some things pretty easily and quickly and you don’t have to explain a lot about it. So, like if vehicle can move differently, if there’s silent electric cars, or electric helicopters, or that kind of stuff, you don’t have to give a lot of detail about that. But, anything that you give us that is weird, we’re going to assume that must be part of the future.

So, the reason why Craig thinks there’s something strange in the future about velvet chairs, or these orchestras made up of pianos, because that’s just weird. And so if you’re giving us something weird, we’re going to assume it’s because of the change you’ve made in the world.

Same thing goes true with any other genre. If you’re giving us a vampire story, you don’t have to explain how vampires work, but if anything in your rules for how vampires work in your movie are different you’re going to have to be pretty explicit about what’s different. Like, if your vampires can go out in daylight you have to explain why they can go out in daylight, or else we’re not going to have faith in you.

Here, if you have an assassin pianist in the future, you’ve got to give us the future. The rest of the stuff we can probably figure out.

**Craig:** Yeah. We’re stacking up quite a few conceits here. Generally speaking it’s often enough to be in the future. To be an assassin pianist in the future may be one thing too many to juggle. But, if there are things that you intend to be idiosyncratic to the future, like for instance the fact that orchestras are now just pianos and multiple pianos, then let us know that you know. “Curiously the orchestra is nothing but pianos. A dozen pianos, each with a pianist.”

Tell the story in a way that… — So, if you mean to say, “Huh, that’s odd,” let me know that you know. Be in control of your story and your story telling.

All right.

**John:** Our third sample is Good People With Guns by Kevin Graham-Caso. And let me give you the recap on this. So, we open up at the Fort Hunt Diner where Jill Cardinal, she’s 26, sits on one side of the booth, and across the other side of the booth is Jason Schrader who is also 26. Something has just been said. And we’re not quite sure what has just been said.

Then, Jill says, “Fine, you’re right.” She pulls a gun out and sets it on the table. And then starts smoking, lights a cigarette. The waitress comes by, says that Jill can’t smoke there. Jill agrees. She puts the cigarette out. So, Jill seems kind of bad ass, but we don’t know sort of too much about what her situation is. She re-holsters her gun and excuses herself that she needs to go to the restroom.

When we see her in the restroom, the bathroom of the diner, we see that she’s actually freaking out, a full on anxiety attack. She stares at the mirror.

Cut to the title, Good People With Guns. Then we go to Two Months Earlier where we are on the front steps of the New York State Supreme Court. We see Jill, a more put together version of Jill. And she is shell-shocked by something that evidently just took place. She lights a cigarette. Her cell phone buzzes. She answers. She has a phone call with a woman named Fiona. It doesn’t seem to go especially. And she looks like she’s about to smash her cell phone when she decides against it. And as we end at the bottom of page three she kicks a taxi. The taxi driver gets out and yells back at her.

**Craig:** Now, you know that at this point I can’t blame this on Stuart. Because you know that Stuart loves it when he gets to that part in these three pages where it says, “Super: Two Months Earlier.” And he goes, “OH MY GOD! What?!”

**John:** There’s a lot of two months earlier.

**Craig:** It can’t be Stuart’s joy of it alone. So, now I’m really saying to all of you out there. Seriously. Stop it. And I know that you’ve seen it work in movies, and it is a thing, and it does work in movies, but I mean at this point this is the only conclusion that I really feel comfortable about drawing in a meta way from all of the three page scripts we read, and that is this is just overused at this point.

**John:** Yeah.

**Craig:** It’s really overused, the whole show a thing and then say Two Months Earlier. We’ve got to cut it out.

**John:** It’s the temporal air duct. It just needs to…

**Craig:** It’s a temporal air duct. Needs to stop.

Now, that said, I really liked the first page a lot. You know, again, the first two paragraphs do the typical screenwriter tango of a really good-looking actor and actress but I can’t just say they’re really good-looking so I’ll do some sort of quirky version of good-looking. And, again, these things that we can’t show or imply to audiences like “her soft features and blue eyes suggest she was considered attractive when she used to give a shit.” No they don’t.

No. [laughs] There’s no way to suggest that at all. Then she’s there with Jason Schrader who is “disheveled, unshaven, yet still dorkishly handsome,” that you can shoot. And I really like the idea of opening after something has been said. Very cool.

Then she pulls this gun out, which is always interesting and exciting. She lights a cigarette. This lady has got all sorts of interesting issues. And a cool little line at the end, about the cigarette, “Someone must have noticed these things were killing people,” which is always a cool thing to say when you’ve put a gun on the table.

She heads to the bathroom, he’s waiting. She walks past two cops, and a little thing like “heads past two cops at the back of the diner,” just helps create tension. Okay. There are cops there. She has a gun. Did they not see her with the gun? What’s going on there? But I’m a little nervous.

In the bathroom she goes into a full on anxiety attack, which is interesting. Maybe a little bit too much. I mean, she’s literally hyperventilating. And so it seems a little broad, frankly, of a turn, but I understand the intention of the turn.

We have the moment where a character stares in the mirror. Maybe that one we could put in our clam list of cut-it-out. Stop looking at yourself in mirrors.

And then she gets tough in that mirror. And then we get the title, Good People With Guns, which I think is a really cool title.

**John:** It’s a great title.

**Craig:** Then Stuart squeals with joy — squeals with joy to see, “Oh, we’re going back in time!” Two Months Earlier. I guess she’s a lawyer. She’s outside of the New York State Supreme Court.

**John:** I’m not sure she was the lawyer. I think she may have been involved in some sort of case. My first read was that she was a lawyer. But, I’m not necessarily sure that’s the case.

**Craig:** Well, she’s wearing a business suit, that’s why I thought maybe she was a lawyer.

**John:** Maybe.

**Craig:** Or maybe she is…or something involved, yeah. And an older lawyer gives her a condescending nod. I feel like she lost a case. That’s kind of what I’m buying there.

And her boss, I presume is who it is, calls her. And she’s obviously being dressed down. And then has this little moment of anger that she — it’s weird, she chooses to not throw her phone but instead kicks a taxi, which is even more aggressive, frankly, than throwing a phone. But, okay, I like the idea that there’s this woman with this rage inside of her. Obviously we’re not meant to know from these three pages what happens next.

I thought this was, you know, pretty well done. It’s just that there isn’t one single move in here, other than the beginning with post question, that I haven’t seen before. It’s sort of a collection of things I’ve seen.

**John:** To me it was a collection of attitudes and poses, but not actual action.

**Craig:** I think that’s a great way of putting it. Yeah.

**John:** And so the opening scene, I’m sympathetic to when people call things Tarantino-esque, because I got hit with that for Go, which was really frustrating. So, this is the kind of thing that you could see in a Tarantino movie, but that doesn’t mean that you can’t have it here. It’s fine and it’s good. But I stopped believing a little bit when she set the gun on the table and the waitress didn’t refer to it.

And it’s not clear whether the waitress saw it or didn’t see it. That just felt odd to me. Lighting the cigarette in the diner also feels a little bit like, well, you’re just provoking for the sake of provoking. So, that made me question that a little bit.

Where I got a little bit confused about the writing versus, like, was I reading this the way that the writer intended? On page two, first off in the bathroom, “A MEDIUM SIZED window illuminates Jill.” Why is it a medium sized window? To highlight that it’s a medium sized window, I don’t even know what that means. How big is a medium sized window?

If it’s going to be important, like she’s going to need to jump out of this window, okay. But, that felt really weird to sort of single that out.

**Craig:** Right.

**John:** This line, “A JILL-LIKE STRANGER stares back at her through the glass,” okay, are you being poetic. In a novel I’d say, oh, he’s being poetic. It’s like, I don’t even know who that person is anymore.

**Craig:** Right.

**John:** But by highlighting here I really thought like, wow, is it somebody who looks sort of like her but is actually a different person? Like it’s literally a split personality thing where like it’s Bridget Fonda and Jennifer Jason Leigh looking at through the mirror, because that’s kind of fascinating. I don’t think that’s what was happening. I think it was just poetry that got to be a little bit confusing here.

**Craig:** Yeah. And the truth is that your script will be read by all sorts of people. It is not a sign of stupidity to make mistakes like this in reading. I have been surprised and so I’m no longer surprised to be surprised that very smart people sometimes just misunderstand certain little things in a screenplay when they read it, because everybody is trying to make the — everybody is bringing their understanding of movies and their expectations to it, and they’re filling in blanks for you. That’s what we need them to do. It is just words on a page and we’re trying to inspire a visual daydream in them.

When you do things like a “A JILL-LIKE STRANGER stares back” you’re asking for trouble. I know what you mean to say. And so she looks at… — First of all, windows don’t illuminate anybody, the light coming through windows illuminates them — we don’t need that garbage in there. It’s just…

**John:** Yeah.

**Craig:** “Jill stares at herself in the mirror.” You know, “Jill stares into the mirror, barely recognizing who she sees.” We would get that, you know what I mean, if that’s your idea. You just don’t have to get too — but frankly it’s this whole staring into a movie thing. The reason that ended up with a “A JILL-LIKE STRANGER stares back at her through the glass,” I think, Kevin, is because you were trying to make a very trite moment interesting.

But it’s not going to be because it’s that scene where the lady looks at herself in the mirror and calms herself down and splashes — we’ve seen them probably three or four times just in the Three Page Challenges we’ve seen people staring in mirrors.

**John:** Yeah.

**Craig:** So, find a different way. Just find a different way.

**John:** Also, I would say staring into a mirror right before Two Months Earlier, that is a very classic sort of clam here. Where it’s just like, “How did I get myself in this situation.” Then Two Months Earlier.

**Craig:** Right. Right you are. Yeah, if you’re going to do that Two Months Earlier transition — which at this point I’m starting to feel everybody should stop doing — that transition needs to be interesting as well. I mean, it’s a little bit more, I mean, Tarantino has people walk out the room with a gun and start shooting and then cut to the title, and then do Two Months Earlier. You know?

**John:** Yeah. On page three, my frustration here is that once again something has just happened that you’re not telling us what happened, but we’re supposed to come in right after this other thing happened. And so I start to worry like everything interesting is going to happen off-screen, and we’re just going to see the reactions of people to more interesting things that could have happened off-screen.

**Craig:** Yeah.

**John:** And so if the events that just happened are important, I would say show us the event and don’t just show us the aftermath here, because you just tried to do that a page ago. So, give us what’s actually happening here and not just the reaction shot from this young woman.

**Craig:** Yup. Yup. Yup. Agreed.

**John:** Once again, I want to thank all three of our people for sending in their Three Page Challenges. And also to all the people, the hundreds of people who sent in their Three Page Challenges over the last year we’ve been doing this.

We won’t get to every one of them, but we really do appreciate that you are so courageous in sending in your samples. Stuart sifts through all of them. He reads absolutely every one that comes in that has the proper boilerplate language of like please don’t sue us. And it really does mean a lot that you guys are so trusting and caring to send in things so we can talk about them and so other people can learn from our discussions.

**Craig:** Yes. Very much so. And I would love — it’s too much work for Stuart — I’d love to know what percentage of Three Page Challenges we get have the Two Months Earlier thing going on. I honestly think it’s like 20% at this point.

**John:** It might be kind of a high thing. Nima at some point was working on some sort of like amazing analysis that would actually go through all the PDFs. Because we can melt the PDFs with Highland. And so he was melting them down to text and then he was doing some analysis on it. But then at some point I had to say like, no, no, you actually have to do the work on like the apps we’re selling and not just on this data mining that is interesting to you. Yeah.

**Craig:** That’s funny.

**John:** Craig, I have a One Cool Thing this week which is an app. Which is Ulysses III. And Ulysses was this text editor I was sort of aware of, and I probably tied to use once or twice. And sort of in my head I thought of it like Scrivener in the sense of it being a sort of big, full-featured word processing/document processing app.

Ulysses III, this version that just came out, is actually really cool. It’s a text editor that’s kind of very stripped down. It rights in Markdown which his this text format that I love to work in. I do my notes for the show in Markdown. I do my blog posts in Markdown.

It has a really smart, innovative way of gathering your documents together in sort of a — almost like Apple Mail’s kind of like how it has the three panels. It keeps the documents in that kind of format which is actually really smart and good for a lot of things.

So, I would encourage people to check it out. Right now it just writes in Markdown, but apparently it’s going to start writing in Fountain, too, which would be great. And so I can see that being a nice new Fountain editor on the horizon.

**Craig:** Cool. Well, my One Cool Thing, as alluded to previously, is That Mitchell and Webb Look. Mitchell and Webb are British comedians. They’ve had, I think, three different sketch comedy shows on the BBC. They have That Mitchell and Webb Sound was the radio show. That Mitchell and Webb Look. And there’s another one.

But That Mitchell and Webb Look is the one I’ve been watching mostly. I think they’re awesome. And you can watch full episodes on YouTube for free. They’re really, really smart. They’re really, really funny. And I guess the two sketches I’d probably call out just to link to maybe in the show notes, one is called Homeopathic ER, which is awesome.

**John:** Homeopathic ER. That’s actually a fantastic one.

**Craig:** That’s pretty awesome. And the other one is Angel Summoner and the BMX Bandit. So, it’s a TV show. It’s meant to be like an eighties style hero/partner TV show where these two guys solve crimes. And one is the Angel Summoner and he summons angels. And the other one is the BMX Kid, I think, not Bandit, BMX Kid. And he has BMX bike skills.

And they’re just useless. [laughs] You know, summoning angels is pretty much that’s all you need. And they just start fighting. It’s just pretty great.

And then I guess the other one, just for writers, there’s this wonderful sketch they do where an author is talking to his editor and the editor is giving him suggestions. “Well not that, but…” And it’s quite perfect.

So, That Mitchell and Webb Look. That’s my Cool Thing of the week. You could lose hours on YouTube just watching their shows. They are really, really funny guys.

They’re so funny, and in my mind I’m like how can I write a movie for those guys. But then I think, nah, they would write their own movie. They don’t need me to write a movie for them. And so I immediately go, “Oh, all right, when are those guys going to write movie?” So, I land immediately from how can I write a movie for them to when are they going to write a movie.

So, hopefully they do something like that. I think they’re terrific.

**John:** Maybe they’re listening to this podcast right now and they will be inspired to say like, “You know what? We will do it. We will make our movie just for Craig Mazin.”

**Craig:** I hope they do. I just think they are really funny and they have a wonderful combination of silly and smart. And I’ve always gravitated towards silly smart/smart stupid. [laughs] You know, I like overeducated people doing low brow humor. It’s just been my thing my whole life and I love it. And I think they’re great at it.

**John:** Cool. Craig, thank you again for a fun podcast. If you enjoy our podcast and are not subscribed to us in iTunes, it might be a good idea to subscribe to us in iTunes so you can get them every week. And if you’re there you could also leave us a comment, or a rating, or tell the people that you like the show if you do you like the show. If you don’t like the show then I’m surprised you made it through to the end.

And we will see everybody again next week.

**Craig:** Next week people!

**John:** All right. Thanks. Bye.

**Craig:** Thank you, John. Bye.

LINKS:

* [RIP Michael France](http://www.tampabay.com/news/obituaries/michael-france-screenwriter-and-beach-theatre-owner-dies/2115065)
* Mitchell and Webb’s [Working from home](http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=co_DNpTMKXk) sketch
* How to [submit your Three Pages](http://johnaugust.com/threepage)
* Three Pages by [Charlie Lyons](http://johnaugust.com/Assets/CharlieLyons.pdf)
* Three Pages by [Lisa Scott](http://johnaugust.com/Assets/LisaScott.pdf)
* Three Pages by [Kevin Graham-Caso](http://johnaugust.com/Assets/KevinGrahamCaso.pdf)
* [Ulysses III](http://www.ulyssesapp.com/) for Mac
* That Mitchell and Webb Look [BBC Two site](http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b0092s71) and [on Hulu](http://www.hulu.com/that-mitchell-and-webb-look)
* Mitchell and Webb’s [Homeopathic Emergency Department](http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HMGIbOGu8q0), [Angel Summoner and the BMX Bandit](http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sbzUfV3_JIA) and [Write This](http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sifESist1KY) sketches
* OUTRO: [Beatboxing Inspector Gadget Flute Remix](http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=59ZX5qdIEB0)

Another Time and Place

Episode - 85

Go to Archive

April 16, 2013 Scriptnotes, Three Page Challenge, Transcribed, Words on the page, Writing Process

John and Craig discuss the odd dislocation writers experience when writing movies in coffeeshops and windowless offices. We’re literally “someplace else” with our characters, but learning how to work in less-than-ideal circumstances is part of the screenwriter’s trade.

Then it’s another round of Three Page Challenges, wherein we wrestle with the question of why “two months earlier” keeps cropping up. Whatever the reason: stop it.

LINKS:

* [RIP Michael France](http://www.tampabay.com/news/obituaries/michael-france-screenwriter-and-beach-theatre-owner-dies/2115065)
* Mitchell and Webb’s [Working from home](http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=co_DNpTMKXk) sketch
* How to [submit your Three Pages](http://johnaugust.com/threepage)
* Three Pages by [Charlie Lyons](http://johnaugust.com/Assets/CharlieLyons.pdf)
* Three Pages by [Lisa Scott](http://johnaugust.com/Assets/LisaScott.pdf)
* Three Pages by [Kevin Graham-Caso](http://johnaugust.com/Assets/KevinGrahamCaso.pdf)
* [Ulysses III](http://www.ulyssesapp.com/) for Mac
* That Mitchell and Webb Look [BBC Two site](http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b0092s71) and [on Hulu](http://www.hulu.com/that-mitchell-and-webb-look)
* Mitchell and Webb’s [Homeopathic Emergency Department](http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HMGIbOGu8q0), [Angel Summoner and the BMX Bandit](http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sbzUfV3_JIA) and [Write This](http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sifESist1KY) sketches
* OUTRO: [Beatboxing Inspector Gadget Flute Remix](http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=59ZX5qdIEB0)

You can download the episode here: [AAC](http://traffic.libsyn.com/scriptnotes/scriptnotes_ep_85.m4a).

**UPDATE** 4-21-13: The transcript of this episode can be found [here](http://johnaugust.com/2013/scriptnotes-ep-85-another-time-and-place-transcript).

Scriptnotes, Ep 84: First sale and funny on the page — Transcript

April 15, 2013 Scriptnotes Transcript

The original post for this episode can be found [here](http://johnaugust.com/2013/first-sale-and-funny-on-the-page).

**John August:** Hello and welcome. My name is John August.

**Craig Mazin:** Mmm…my name is Craig Mazin.

**John:** And this is Episode 84 of Scriptnotes, a podcast about screenwriting and things that are interesting to screenwriters. Craig, how are you?

**Craig:** Oh, recovering. I got sick again.

**John:** Oh no, Craig.

**Craig:** Yeah, you know, enough already with this. But much better now. Feeling good. I think I’ll be less phlegmy in this podcast. And recuperating from, you know, traveling with… — You ever have that thing where you’re descending on a plane but your ears are all stuffed up?

**John:** It’s the absolute worst.

**Craig:** It’s the worst. And you feel like something inside of you is dying.

**John:** Yeah. It reminds me of the classic scene in Star Trek II where they’re putting the little bugs inside, is it Chekov’s ears?

**Craig:** It is. It goes inside Chekov’s ear. And it is a scene that I have tortured my sister with for… — I mean, when did that movie come out? 1981?

**John:** Sounds right.

**Craig:** So, I’ve been torturing her with that for 32 years.

**John:** Yeah.

**Craig:** It’s just so awesome. What a weird Jungian nightmare that they just sort of uncovered.

**John:** Yeah. I think anything going into your eyes, or honestly, the knife going across somebody’s eye is the thing that I just can’t possibly stand.

**Craig:** You know, but the knife going across somebody’s eye, like, Un Chien Adalou did that very famous thing, it’s so ridiculous that I don’t even like, eh. Because there’s a lot of stuff that they do in movies where you’re like, “Oh god, that would really, really hurt.” But there’s something about a thing crawling into your ear. It’s an opening you already have, so they’re not cutting you. And then it’s going in you and staying in there.

**John:** We’ve already lost half of our listeners by disturbing imagery.

**Craig:** But we may have picked up some new ones.

**John:** Ah! Maybe so. Well, hopefully they’ll enjoy listening to our topics for today which include the First-Sale Doctrine, which is a big copyright concept that has important ramifications for people who make movies and people who like to watch movies.

**Craig:** Yup.

**John:** Second, I want to talk about what’s funny on the page versus what’s funny on screen.

**Craig:** Hmm, like I know?

**John:** Yeah, I think you can answer a couple of those questions.

**Craig:** I have no clue.

**John:** And a couple of other just random listener questions that have been in the mail bag that I think we can tackle today.

**Craig:** Great. Before we do that, real quickly, how’s everything going over there?

**John:** Things are going really well. So, I’m in Chicago right now. This was our first week of previews for Big Fish. And it was terrifying but really, really good. Everything kind of came together. And our Tuesday night went terrific. And our Wednesday night really well. And Thursday night was even better. So, it’s really been amazing.

The strange thing is we go through this tech rehearsal where you’re trying to put all the pieces together and you’re never quite sure what the whole show looks like. And it was literally not until we started on Tuesday night that it was like I thought we could get through the whole show.

**Craig:** Right.

**John:** And people cheered at the right things, and laughed at the right things, and it was great. That said, you still keep doing work. And so we are performing every night but we have rehearsals starting at noon. So, basically 11am we meet with the creators and talk about sort of what we want to try to fix. And then you’re scrambling from noon to five to make changes, to make cuts, to change lines, to move stuff around.

And then everyone has to go have dinner and come back and put on the show with those changes in it.

**Craig:** Wow.

**John:** So, it’s been amazing. But, I’ve said before, it’s like production and post-production at the same time. This is like being at the Avid but the people are actually in front of you and you’re trying to make this thing happen. And every night there’s — you don’t know what’s going to happen because it’s actually live in front of you. So, the second or third night one of the lack scrims didn’t come up in time. Last night we had one of our actresses get sick during the show.

**Craig:** Oh!

**John:** Like she got food poisoning during the show. A swing had to go in. And our swings are brilliant, so Cynthia stepped up and did the job. So, that’s remarkable and that’s been fun to watch and experience.

**Craig:** Wow. Yeah, it’s funny, I have a friend who has been in musical theater for a long time, and while I don’t think she ever quite made it to Broadway she did a lot of Off-Broadway stuff and a lot of theater out here, like Santa Barbara and stuff like that. And we went to go see her in Peter Pan and she told us that the night before she had food poisoning and actually puked, I think puked on stage, [laughs], which I think is amazing.

And the great part about it is that it’s Peter Pan, so there’s all these kids in the audience. And they’re just like, “Why is Peter Pan throwing up?”

**John:** Yeah. Hopefully she wasn’t like in the aerial sequence of Peter Pan when the vomit happened.

**Craig:** God, you know, if she had been. “Unforgettable,” says the Santa Barbara News.

**John:** And one of the most remarkable things about Big Fish here in Chicago is a bunch of people from our podcast and from the blog have come to see the show. And so I had an open invitation, like if you’re coming to see the show send me your dates, and your times, and your seat numbers and I’ll try to come visit you. So, I’ve sort of done that Where’s Waldo thing of trying to find people in the balcony. And that’s worked only okay.

It’s actually much more difficult to find people up there than I thought it would be. I really needed Nima and Ryan to like make me an app to find people, but it’s been challenging.

**Craig:** Well, why don’t you just tell them when they see you to hold up something?

**John:** Yes. I’ve asked them just to grab me if they see me because I’m pretty identifiable. And so many people have grabbed me and said hello and they’ve enjoyed the show. And it’s been remarkable for them to come. So, I look forward to shaking more hands as we go through our five weeks here in Chicago.

**Craig:** Great. Awesome.

**John:** Let’s get started. First off, the First-Sale Doctrine, which is this legal concept that exists in US Copyright Law, but I think probably other countries’ copyright laws as well. What First-Sale Doctrine means is that if you make something that is subject to copyright, so let’s say you make a movie or a song, or a book is a good easy example.

**Craig:** Yeah.

**John:** Let’s say you created a book. You have the exclusive right to distribute that book. That’s one of your rights in copyright. What First-Sale Doctrine holds is that once you’ve sold that book to somebody, they can go off and resell that book again. And that’s why we have used book stores. That’s why we have libraries to some degree. It’s an important thing that’s one of the important tenets of US Copyright Law.

So, these last couple weeks, two big cases came up that challenged our conceptions of First-Sale Doctrine. And I thought they were important to talk about because they have big implications, not only if you are making movies, but if you are watching movies.

**Craig:** Right. I think one of them definitely has implications for the movie business. Maybe more so than the other.

**John:** Great. I’ll be curious which one you think is more important.

So, the first one that came up, the ruling came back, it was a Supreme Court Case called Kirtsaeng v. John Wiley & Sons. And so here’s the situation that happened in that, and this was actually a book situation. It was a textbook situation, like literally it was about textbooks.

Somebody from Thailand came to the US to study and found that the textbooks were incredibly expensive. But they found that, “Oh, wow, if I actually bought those same textbooks back in Thailand, they’re much, much, much cheaper.” So, not only did he buy the books in Thailand for himself, he started bringing in those books from Thailand and selling them in the United States to help pay for his college education.

John Wiley & Sons, which was the publisher, said, “No, no, no. You can’t do that.” And they sued him. They won at a lower court, but the Supreme Court overruled that 6-3 and overturned that decision, and ruled that First-Sale Doctrine holds true even if the books were purchased in Thailand or outside the US, that concept still holds true.

**Craig:** Right.

**John:** So, that’s a fascinating issue because a lot of times we want to discriminate on price based on different markets. And so from a movie perspective, a lot of times we may say like, “Okay, we’re going to price this movie at this price in Asia, but it’s a higher price in the United States.”

**Craig:** Yes. And if we were still living in DVD culture I would say this would be definitely — this is an issue. Because first, I think the notion is that the First-Sale Doctrine is kind of a US thing. I mean, our copyright laws are different from other countries in a number of ways.

So, okay, First-Sale says you’re the copyright holder and the reason that the word “copyright” is copyright is because that’s the biggest right of all, to make copies. You’re the only person that can make copies of your work. You’re the only person that can distribute your work.

However, you get the right of the first sale. You don’t get the right of the second, third, and fourth sale. Once you sell it to somebody they can sell that discrete copy to someone else — as you said, used book store. The same goes for textbooks.

What this case seemed to be about was basically, look, Thailand maybe doesn’t have the doctrine of first-sale, or even if it did it’s a different doctrine of first-sale because it’s a different country. So, if you go and you sell intellectual property in somebody else’s jurisdiction, with somebody else’s copyright laws, and they take that and they come back to the United States, does the Doctrine of First Sale somehow magically appear all of a sudden, even if it wasn’t purchased originally in a place where Doctrine of First-Sale exists?

And the Supreme Court said: Yeah, it does. If were still living in a world of DVDs, and the studios were selling DVDs here for $20, and overseas for $5, then it would make total sense to just start buying your DVDs overseas and then selling them here. The whole point, this guy didn’t just buy a textbook in Thailand, bring it over, and then sell it to somebody. Nobody bothers with that. He was running a business. He was basically arbitraging the difference between the textbook prices of the same textbooks, reselling them and keeping the profit.

So, you could say, “All right, I’m going to buy 100,000 copies of Transformers in India where it costs $2.00 and sell them over here for $8.00, which is still cheaper than the US price and make a lot of money.” True, that there’s this whole DVD region thing that makes it a little more difficult to do, but really that’s not as big of a deal for us right now in the movie business because we are increasingly out of the physical object business, which is why this next case was so, so important.

**John:** Yes. So, the second case is Capitol Records vs. ReDigi. I think they call it ReDigi. And what ReDigi does is it says, “Okay, you have bought these mp3 files on iTunes or through some other store. We will let you resell that mp3 to somebody else who might want it. And in selling it we will delete it off your computer and put it on their computer.”

And ReDigi was the company that was serving as this broker. It was doing this work of moving your mp3 to the other person’s computer, the buyer’s computer.

This is much more sort of obviously troubling for people who are making digital goods, such as digital movies or songs that are mp3 files. The studios really did not want this to happen. It was Capitol Records in this case who came in.

So, it was a lower court decision, but this lower court said that ReDigi’s business model, their plan of doing this, was not realistic. Was a violation of the First-Sale Doctrine. Wasn’t covered by First-Sale Doctrine.

**Craig:** Right. Yeah.

**John:** And I do like that the judge in the case actually cited Star Trek’s Transporters and Willy Wonka’s Wonkavision. And so as a writer of Charlie and the Chocolate Factory I love that he cited Wonkavision.

**Craig:** He did cite Wonkavision.

There’s a lot going on in this case and it’s not final obviously. I have a feeling that this one will be appealed and maybe make its way to the Supremes as well. But, it was an encouraging decision for us.

So, the crux of it is this: You buy a digital file from the copyright owner. And the question is how does the First-Sale Doctrine apply to you? Okay, they made the first sale to you; how do you then resell this? And really the truth is you can’t. And the reason you can’t is because the First-Sale Doctrine doesn’t say you can make a copy of what you’ve bought and sell the copy. It says you have to sell that thing you bought. So, because copyright is exclusive to the copyright owner — only they can make copies — unless they’ve licensed you some limited ability to make copies for personal use, which they can do.

So, how do you sell a digital file you have purchased without making a copy? So, ReDigi’s argument was, “Easy. We just take it from you and move it over to here. And we make sure that you’ve deleted it.” But, the judge rightly is pointing out, “Well, that’s still a copy.” Once you transmit the file to another space, you’re copying it. The fact that you are copying the book and then burning the other book behind it doesn’t mean you haven’t made a copy.

The truth is there is nothing that discrete about these digital files. The only real way to resell digital files, I think, and still be consistent with the First-Sale Doctrine is to sell them with your hard drive to someone. But barring that, you have made a copy. Furthermore, it’s really impossible for any business to ensure that they’re not making a copy, because the only way I, as ReDigi, can ensure that I’m not making an illegal copy when I accept your file from you is to make sure that you haven’t already duplicated your file on your end.

And that, of course, is where the opportunity for abuse is and it would be abused. Why wouldn’t any starving college student want to sell his entire music library knowing full well it’s copied, [laughs], and it isn’t going anyway? It’s sort of an obvious one.

Now, here’s what I think is interesting about this: When, I would say about two or three years ago, the movie industry got together and was trying to figure out how are we going to sell movies digitally, away from physical objects, and I suspect one of the things they were wrestling with was this very question, even though it hadn’t occurred to a lot of us. If they do sell things that are re-sellable, it’s not good for them.

**John:** Mm-hmm.

**Craig:** So, what his all points to ultimately, I think, and the way around this mess for the movie business, and the music business, too, is that ultimately we’re never going to own any of these copies ever. We’re never going to have them. We are going to have to own access because if I’m the movie studio, here’s what I know: The person at home wants to watch the movie when they want to watch it. And they’re happy to pay to watch the movie. I do not want them to have a copy of the movie for so many reasons. So, I stream it to them.

I stream it to them and what they’re paying for is access to that stream. And on their end it ought to be no different than popping in a DVD. Now, that’s going to require infrastructure improvements to download speeds and all the rest of it, but that’s ultimately where it has to go.

**John:** I would agree with you. I also feel like this coming generation is sort of used to this “assetlessness.” It’s been interesting even just me living in like two corporate apartments over the last two months, I’ve kind of come to treasure the fact that I don’t actually have anything I need to own. Like I don’t have any printed books here. I don’t have any DVDs here. I don’t even know if I have a DVD player in the room, because if I want to watch Game of Thrones I just pull it up on my iPad and connect it to my Apple TV. I don’t want to have to own those physical things if I don’t have to own those physical things. And not owning those physical things is wonderful.

The problem comes when I don’t have an internet connection. That breaks down. And that is a huge flaw in this.

So, just so we can talk it out better, I’d like to try adopt the opposite point of view so I can see like these are the real problems with what you’re describing and sort of what the issues here.

**Craig:** Okay.

**John:** So, I will now be the counter voice here.

**Craig:** You’ll be the “copy-fighter.”

**John:** I’ll be copy-fighter. So, here is the challenge. What you are doing by saying that you cannot transport this material from one person to another person is you’re essentially going back to the dark ages where things were written on scrolls, and like only certain people had access to certain things. Because what you’re saying is like only — you can’t ever own anything, that you can only license something. Then you’re controlling who can have access to anything that you don’t want them to have access to.

So, right now it’s the corporation saying, “Oh, we don’t want to license that movie in certain countries.” But then you’re denying everyone in that country the ability to experience that movie.

**Craig:** Yeah.

**John:** Or even to import that movie, or to find a physical copy. We’re saying that 100 years from now there may not be a physical copy that somebody could use in a library. You might say that a copyright extension is a whole separate other issue, but it’s sort of meaningless to say, “Oh, it will become in the public domain eventually,” if there’s never an ownable copy up until that point.

**Craig:** My response would be this. I think that there’s a reasonable case to be made that there ought to be full and open access to these things, and I don’t know how you legislate this. Because ultimately, well, maybe not. I mean, look, the copyright owner has the right to distribute, which also includes the right to not distribute. I don’t have to sell my novel in Wisconsin.

**John:** Yeah.

**Craig:** No publisher is required to sell a novel in Wisconsin, nor is any publisher required to translate the book, nor is any publisher required to sell it in any particular country. So, I would say that that’s actually not that different than it is now. The only difference is that you can’t — we’ve effectively barred those people from any kind of re-buying of that.

And, all I can say is, again, I tend to side with the rights of the content creators. I also feel like in general the marketplace tends to solve this problem. The whole point of making movies for these companies is to have people watch them and pay for them. So, I have a feeling that they would be all for open access as long as it didn’t feel like they were letting the foxes in the henhouse.

As far as libraries, I think their day is coming to a close. And I love libraries, but they are not going to be — libraries will ultimately not exist. I don’t think it’s going to happen.

**John:** So, let’s go to books, although of course you can apply it to movies as well. If libraries cease to exist, if you are a person who doesn’t have the economic means to get that book, to purchase that book, to purchase whatever the license is to read that book, then you have no access to that book. And that is a potentially huge problem for not only the educational system but sort of our system of culture.

**Craig:** Yeah. I think there will ultimately become some sort of virtual library. And I don’t think that we’re going to live in a time 30 years from now where access to the internet will be seen as the privileged outcome of owning a device. I think at some point it’s going to — for instance, telephones.

**John:** Yes.

**Craig:** — were just given to people, you know, the impoverished got telephones. At some point they were like, “Everybody needs a phone. You’re going to have to have a phone. And they’re so cheap and here’s a phone. And here’s a connection.” And everybody that uses — even to this day — when you pay your bill, part of your bill is a tax for people who are poor and can’t afford a phone.

And I think that’s where it’s going to go. I think ultimately everybody will be connected. I think there will be literally hobos in the street with tablets.

And there will be some sort of access to free material through there in some form or another.

**John:** All right. Let’s go back to our core demographic here of writers and screenwriters. How do these issues affect screenwriters, people who are making movies?

**Craig:** Well, the biggest way is that by shooting down the ReDigi model we’re essentially protecting our residual base. So, we get paid when the studios get paid. Our residuals for reuse, our percentage of their gross for reuse, and in a ReDigi world where people can just sell each other these copies over, and over, and over, there’s just little incentive for them to buy the premium copy from the studio, which means we just don’t see the revenue.

It’s a little bit like eBay. You know, eBay is an enormous underground market. It’s a huge flea market of resale and the manufacturers get nothing of that resale. And that’s fine. I mean, people are selling objects and that’s the deal with objects.

For us, however, it would decimate what is already a wobbly system and what is already a system that has been knocked down so severely since the fall of the DVD. And by extension, continues to put pressure on screenwriting as a viable career.

Forget the average person, since it’s never been a viable career for the average person. It wouldn’t even be a viable career for the average screenwriter today. And that’s the scary part. So, that’s where the rubber hits the road for me.

**John:** Yeah. I would say going back to the Wiley decision, the ability to bring in things from other places, I’m glad it sort of ended up where it ended up. I feel like if we are not able to import things from other places, to see them, to experience them, then all the Japanese anime that you might want to go see could become locked off to you.

So, I think it’s important to be able to have access to — to bring stuff in from other places — or sometimes things that you would want to have a copy of that is just not available in the US market. And so I think it’s generally a helpful thing for people who want to see movies, that you can bring stuff in from other places.

**Craig:** Well, that decision didn’t really say that you could now do that. What it said is you can now do that and then resell it.

**John:** Yes.

**Craig:** Which is a different deal. I mean, any of us can go online right now and buy a textbook from Thailand. It was just that this guy was pretty enterprising about it.

**John:** Yeah. But I respect the business model, and you see it more in big cities, but like the place that just sells the stuff that they brought in from Asia. And that can be kind of great. And I think it’s good that you can actually get some of those physical things from other places, copyrighted works.

**Craig:** Sure.

**John:** And I would worry that had this decision done the other way you could see many more barriers put up to being able to do that.

**Craig:** Yeah. And, you know, for the textbook industry and for the — let’s just say the widget industry where people are selling physical objects, sorry, physical manifestations of intellectual property like books, and CDs, and DVDs, and works of art, this is a little bit of a challenge because they do price things for their marketplace.

I mean, yeah, obviously we pay more here in the United States for the same thing than they do in the developing world. And while we could stop and say, “Well, wait a second. That means we’re getting ripped off.” Uh, yeah, I guess we’re getting ripped off, but then again we have a lot more money than those people do and we’re willing to pay for it here. And, so, that’s that.

**John:** A couple reasons I think for the price discrimination. First off, we have more money, so therefore they can just afford to charge more for it. Second off, I mean, the reverse of that is they don’t have the money in those other markets, so if you price certain things, not only can no one buy it but you’re incentivizing piracy. Essentially like you’re trying to compete with free, or nearly free.

**Craig:** Right. I mean, there’s a little part of me that gets annoyed when I see, okay, well, if you can price it for that in Thailand, and still make money, because I know for sure you’re not pricing it below your cost, then you’re just up-charging me a massive amount for the privilege of having enough money to pay for it.

But, then again, I think, okay, but they sort of average it all out. And there’s like a medium price. The thing is, what do they do about — it does make a challenge for them because they can’t… — The only reason they can charge $5.00 in Thailand is because they charge $25.00 here. If the average is, you know, whatever, is $15.00, well, we’ll all buy them for $15.00 merrily, but they can’t in Thailand. So, what happens then? You know?

**John:** I suspect that the real costs are considerably different based on just the market. So, you know, a lot of the costs that we’re associating with our movies is all the — it’s the store, it’s the shipping, and all the other stuff, which might be quite a bit lower in other markets.

**Craig:** Yeah. But like for instance textbook publishing, I mean, look, I don’t know, but I suspect that most of the books that we buy here are actually assembled and published overseas.

**John:** Yes.

**Craig:** So, it’s just that, you know, and yeah, maybe we’re spending a little bit extra for the — you know, because they have to ship the books over, but not that much more. We’re getting gouged. We know we are.

**John:** Yeah.

**Craig:** And so I’m kind of… — In a weird way, who this ends up hurting are the people getting the lower prices. Their prices will go up and that hurts them more than our prices coming down, if this becomes like a huge thing. We’ll see if it does.

**John:** Yeah. Cool. Let’s move onto our next topic which his about comedy. So, a completely different thing. This is a question that actually starts with Joe D. who wrote in to ask.

**Craig:** Where is Joe D. from, by the way?

**John:** He didn’t say.

**Craig:** Oh, because that sounds like a New York guy to me.

**John:** Joe D.!

**Craig:** Hey, Joe D.!

**John:** So, yes, if you’re writing in with a question, and I should stop and say that if you have questions that you want me and Craig to talk about, you can write to ask@johnaugust.com. And so a big list of questions comes in, and I cull them, and Stuart culls them, and eventually we answer the ones we think are interesting.

So, Joe D. wrote in to ask: “When writing a comedy script do you think there is a one-to-one correlation between funny on screen versus funny on paper? Meaning, should a laugh out loud moment seen on the screen be equally laugh out loud moment on paper? In your experience, has this rung true? At what point does a smile on paper become a chuckle or a laugh?”

**Craig:** There is not a one-to-one relationship at all.

**John:** Not at all.

**Craig:** Not even close. You know, there are books that have made me laugh wildly, but if you were to shoot them they wouldn’t work at all. I mean, prose designed to make you laugh is very different than prose designed to be produced and make you laugh. It’s just a different thing.

Similarly, the same goes for situations that you’re describing. Knowing what to write to turn into something that makes people laugh, that’s why there are so few people that write comedy in movies. It’s not easy. And it’s an art. You know, it is an art in and of itself. It’s a strange debased, silly art, but it is an art.

And there are very few times where I’ve… — You know, sometimes I’ll write a line and I think, “That’s gonna work.” And it does work. And I think, “Okay, so there you go. That was a one-to-one moment, you know.”

**John:** But, I mean, that’s not quite what he’s phrasing. Like how often do you actually laugh when you read a script? For me it’s almost never.

**Craig:** Never.

**John:** I mean, I’ve read very funny scripts that become very funny movies, but they’re not funny when you’re reading them on the page because they’re funny because you’re visualizing, like, “Oh, this is how it’s going to work.” And you can tell that, “I think that’s going to be funny,” but you have no idea.

**Craig:** Yeah.

**John:** You aren’t laughing as you’re sitting there with the script on your iPad in front of you.

**Craig:** Yeah. I don’t remember reading any script that made me laugh through it. And, frankly, if I did I would be suspicious that something was weird, because it was designed to do the wrong thing.

Sometimes producers or executives will say, “I laughed out loud when I read this,” or “I laughed out loud when I read that,” and I’ll think, okay, yeah, you’re probably lying. You know the way people say LOL but they never really LOL?

**John:** Mm-hmm.

**Craig:** I think it’s that. But, no, there’s not a one-to-one thing. Comedy is about performance. You’ve probably heard the old saying about timing. So much of comedy is about timing. So much of comedy is about staging. So much of comedy is about editing, or more specifically the lack thereof. And you simply can’t get that from the page. So, comedy writers are basically putting down a chemical formula and then you’re mixing the chemicals in front of the camera on the day.

So, no. No one-to-one relationship with there.

**John:** That said, that’s not to give a carte blanche to not try to be funny on the page. And so I’ll definitely notice that as you refine your work you’ll be taking out certain words, or trying to put back certain words so that it will read funnier, and so that you will give the actor a plan for like how that line can actually be funny.

And I’m sure we’ve both had situations where an actor just doesn’t understand how to make that line funny, or they’re trying to change something that is actually cutting into how that thing should be funny.

**Craig:** No question.

**John:** A classic example is an actor will change the tense in a sentence. They think, “Oh, it doesn’t really matter,” but it actually makes it not funny because of how they’ve changed the tense.

**Craig:** Yeah.

**John:** Or, it’s a misdirect. So, one of the lines in Big Fish that every time I watch the show I have like my little scribbly piece of paper and I take notes on what things are. And because I know every line of the show, if a line isn’t delivered right I can make a note and we can give that line reading back.

One of the things that’s happened a couple of times is exactly that. A very specific thing — in this case it was a joke where if you say, “Luckily, years earlier I had been bitten the Chucalabra snake of Tanzania.”

**Craig:** Mm-hmm.

**John:** “Luckily, years earlier,” it’s important that it be that way. Because we say “luckily years before I had been bitten by the Chucalabra snake. “The years before, before I had been bitten,” it becomes a separate clause that makes it not funny. So, earlier versus before is actually a very important thing.

**Craig:** You are hitting on something interesting and sometimes I seethe quietly over this, because comedy requires a certain mastery of grammar. There is a reason why things are funny in their order with specific words. You can look at two versions of a joke where it’s slightly different, and one is clearly funnier than the other. And you could spend all day talking about why, but really nobody has the time for that. Either you know or you don’t.

And the people who write comedy routinely tend to know. And the people who don’t, don’t. And it actually requires quite a bit of intelligence. And just instinct. And that’s why… –What’s so great about comedy, too, is that unlike drama, which I think drama is always about representations of tragedy. There can be new comedy invented. Comedy actually can just come out of nowhere — and suddenly there’s a new comedy that didn’t exist before it.

And those people and their instincts are incredible. But it is so instinctive and so scientific. And, frankly, it’s OCD. Comedy is OCD. If you’re not OCD about the language that you’re using, comedy may not be your thing.

**John:** Yeah. One other thing I want to make clear, when I say like it’s not necessarily funny on the page, that’s a different conversation that voice. And I remember when we had Aline on the show we talked about voice. And the successful writers, the ones you can tell like, “Oh, this person is going to succeed,” a lot of times it’s because they have a voice. And many times it’s a funny voice.

And so the good comedy scripts tend to be funny even in the places that aren’t necessarily jokes. It’s just enjoyable to read in the right ways and it has a sense of humor to itself that’s not just scene, scene, scene, line, line, line.

**Craig:** Yeah.

**John:** It’s a hard thing to describe. But even not just what the characters are saying but the way that the script actually feels on the page is funny, or it is just the way it should be.

And so even if people aren’t laughing out loud, they’re going to the next page because they’re hearing a voice. And they’re having confidence that this person knows what they’re doing.

**Craig:** And there are writers who are really funny and write really funny stuff. They don’t have necessarily a great mind for structure. They don’t necessarily have a great mind for theme. They don’t necessarily have a great mind for drama. They’re just funny.

A lot of times those writers end up having incredible careers working on hysterically funny television shows, because television shows do rely less on a kind of self-encapsulated structure. I mean, there’s a structure to each show, of course, and there’s a room full of people to kind of help you get there. But a movie is a self-encapsulated structure. It’s its own thing that begins and ends. Permanently.

So, a lot of times they do that. But then there are a lot of writers who also work in movies who really do come on to projects to make them funnier. They’re not there necessarily to write something that is comedically dramatic or dramatically comedic.

**John:** Yeah. And there are cases where like you just literally need a laugh here. And so that’s where a writer who’s good at figuring out what could be funny in that moment can be really valuable.

You and I have both been on comedy panels, roundtables on movies that are about to go into production. And those are not ideal situations for figuring out the big funny of a movie, but they can be useful for figuring out those little surgical moments of like how do we get a laugh here that can propel us into the next moment.

**Craig:** And it’s funny because you’ll have a lot of people in a room — we do this all the time — where we go through a screenplay that’s about to go into production looking for opportunities for jokes. And all of these really funny people, I mean, I’ve done these things with Patton Oswalt, and Dana Gould, and big comedy writers, Lennon and Garant, and we all go around the table and we do this stuff. And at the end of the day on a movie if two jokes come out of that whole thing and end up in the movie, that’s a good day.

**John:** Yeah.

**Craig:** Because it’s really hard to just sort of come in and throw stuff into a movie that would actually work in that moment, in that tone, is doable, consistent with the characters, translates from what was funny in the room to funny on screen. It’s just a whole different thing.

**John:** Yeah. Sometimes those sessions can help get the other writers, or the writers who are working on it longer term, or if it’s a writer-director, can get them in a good spirit to be thinking for other things, thinking of other moments that can help. So, that can be useful.

And, honestly, if those two jokes end up in the movie but they also end up in the trailer, then you’ve just made things…

**Craig:** Big time.

**John:** Big time. It’s been completely worth everyone’s time to go do that.

**Craig:** Yeah, for sure. For sure.

**John:** Our next question comes from Michael who asks — again, I don’t have locations on people. Tell us where you’re from. We’d love to know where you’re from. Michael asks: “It seems like you get a lot of things done with screenplays, musicals, the website, podcast, apps, games, etc. Do you have any tips on time management and self-actualization?”

**Craig:** Well, I mean, this is all about you, because I really only get one thing done.

**John:** [laughs] What I liked about this question is that the actual question is like time management and self-actualization, and weirdly I think those things have been bundled together in a way in the last couple years that’s not necessarily healthy or productive.

So, time management is basically, you know, getting the stuff done in your day that you can get done and not being so stressed out about it. And that’s good. And so I do have some things to say about that.

Self-actualization is really a different thing. And self-actualization is sort of feeling good about who you are and what you’re doing and sort of how life works. And overtime management is probably bad for your self-actualization. You’re like a machine who gets stuff done, but isn’t anything other than a machine who gets things done.

So, I think it’s just weird that we packed those two ideas together.

**Craig:** Yeah.

**John:** For time management, when I’m back in my normal Los Angeles I have pretty good stuff and I can actually churn through a lot of things. Since I’ve been doing the show, it’s all gone out the window. So, I’ve barely my OmniFocus which is where I store all that stuff. I’m late for everything. Stuart, god bless him, sort of keeps his master list of who’s coming to what show of Big Fish every night so I can try to find those people. But then I forget to print it out. I forget that people travel cross-country to see the show.

So, I don’t have like a perfect system for this.

**Craig:** You’re a bastard.

**John:** I’m a terrible, terrible person.

**Craig:** Yeah.

**John:** Like literally in the lobby, I just happened to be in the lobby and three people I knew sort of separately came up and said like, “Oh, John, thank you for meeting.” I’m like, “Yes, I planned…” No. I didn’t plan to be here at all. I just happened to see you.

**Craig:** You’re such a bastard because even the lies you successfully told to hide your bastardy have been undone right here.

**John:** Right on the show.

There are general theories on time management. One is that you should focus on whatever the most important thing is and get the most important thing done, to the exclusion of all other stuff. And that’s sort of been how I’ve treated Big Fish this time is that there’s a lot of other stuff in my life, work stuff in my life, that needs some attention that I just can’t give it.

So, I’ve been sort of stalling on phone calls, or just not engaging on stuff because I can’t I have to sort of devote every brain cell to this.

But, in my normal life I will sort of — I’ll look for what the easy things are and just knock out a bunch of easy things. And I think that sometimes people, and I’m definitely one of them, get sort of paralyzed because they know that the big thing is too hard to do. So, the trick is to break it down into smaller steps and just get those little smaller steps done.

**Craig:** Yeah. Yeah.

**John:** In terms of writing, sometimes there’s that scene that I just don’t want to do that. And so, like, well don’t write that scene. Write the other scenes that are around that scene that are simple that you can do right now.

**Craig:** A lot of times when I don’t want to write that scene I have to confront the fact that something’s wrong with the scene. [laughs] That’s usually the big thing. But I have to say that my approach to scheduling stuff, writing, this, you know, I do a lot of charity work in my town, I do work with the WGA, I’ve got a family — that’s a big one. We’ve often talked about our kids are killing us.

**John:** Yeah.

**Craig:** I have come to accept in a self-actualized way, I think, that I have a method that is methodless, and that through various impulses — guilt, desire, whatever they are, shame, happiness, excitement — the things that I want to get done get done. And what I would say to you out there is if you’re having trouble with these things, there’s no problem whatsoever with looking for help. Maybe there’s a system out there that you would find services what you want. Just make it what you want.

Don’t follow some plan, some artificial plan, to your nature. Because that’s not going to work, either. And you’re absolutely right. It is going to get in the way of you just being a happy person. Productivity is not the same thing as happiness.

Productivity in something that makes you happy is the same as happiness. And we can always get better at things. If it excites you, it’s a good thing. If it exhausts you, it’s a bad thing.

**John:** Yes. That’s definitely been my theory with sort of the app stuff I’ve done and sort of Highland has shipped, and Bronson, and the other things. I did it because it was really interesting to me. And so I have no trouble sort of spending a lot of time on things that are actually fascinating to me and exploring how to do that.

And so the musical was a brand new thing, and it was terrifying, and it was fascinating to do it. It’s exhausting right now, but I recognize that I’m sort of through the sloggy/exhaustion part of it. But I also get to see it every night, and that’s a remarkable, amazing thing.

So, I will say that sometimes — here are the two sides of it. The bright shiny things are always going to be bright, and shiny, and attractive. And sometimes you just have to go chase them because they’re what you sort of want to do. And sometimes you’re going to be in the third draft of something that is just a slog. And it’s recognizing that it’s a slog because it’s a slog. But then you’re going to get through it and you will finish it.

**Craig:** Yeah. Don’t be a child. There is delayed gratification. We all have the experience of not wanting to work out, and then working out, and then feeling great that we worked out. So, writing is no different sometimes. Sometimes writing is awesome and it’s fun. Sometimes it’s working out. But then when it’s done you feel great.

**John:** Craig, I think we’ve talked about the marshmallow test on the podcast, because you as a psychology major must be familiar with the marshmallow test. Have you seen this?

**Craig:** Maybe not under that name. Is it the kids who are given the marshmallows and told to wait and they get more marshmallows. Is that the one?

**John:** Exactly. The classic setup is that you have a young kid who is presented with like a marshmallow on a plate. And the tester says, “If you can wait, I’ll be back in a few minutes. And if you can wait, I’ll give you a second marshmallow.” So, basically they time the kid, like how long it takes the kid to not just eat the first marshmallow and delay gratification in order to get two marshmallows.

And I’ve always been the kids who like I could probably wait there a day to get that marshmallow.

**Craig:** Yeah. And it is interesting because they find that some kids are just better at it than others. That there is a kind of innate capacity for delayed gratification.

For some people it seems that gratification is only gratifying if it’s immediate. Those people do tend to become drunks. But, [laughs], or substance abusers, or sex addicts. They are also sometimes the most fascinating people in the world.

Writing, unfortunately, is not for people who find gratification only in the moment. It is not an impulsive person’s task.

**John:** I would say sketch writing might be, writing for like a Jimmy Fallon. That could be that.

**Craig:** Yeah. I think that might be so. Writing for stuff that’s immediate like that, sure, like a daily variety show where every night it’s a new thing and you just burst it out. Absolutely. Yeah. I can see that. That is fun. That is as close to standup comedy as writing gets probably.

But writing anything long form — writing anything that’s not being shot that day requires a sense of delayed gratification. Screenwriting requires a sense of delayed gratification that is monastic…

**John:** Yes.

**Craig:** …in its requirements. You need to be willing to not only write for a very long time to reach the gratification of finishing; you need to be aware that you haven’t finished at all and that you may have another six months, another year, another lifetime ahead of you on that movie. Or it may never gratify in the end ultimately which is the movie experience.

So, those of us who screen-write, yeah, we’re waiting for the second marshmallow.

**John:** I have a theory that perhaps the ability to delay gratification is partly the ability to visualize an alternate future. So, it’s the ability to see a future in which you had waited and this is the result of having waited. Because that’s really what you’re talking about is being able to picture yourself as the person who got the two marshmallows because you waited.

And a lot of the projects I’ve been involved with, it’s knowing that, okay, it’s going to go through all these different steps, but this is what it’s going to look like at the end. And both the movies I’ve written and now the show, and even the apps I’ve done, it’s being able to see like, “Okay, this is what it looks like at the end.” And because I can see what it looks like at the end I am willing to go through all of the stuff that gets you to that place.

**Craig:** Well, that’s an expected confluence for somebody who writes because, after all, writing is imagining stuff and being excited about what you imagine. So, it seems like that would go hand in hand.

There’s an interesting experiment that — a little game that they play. And so you at home can play along with us. I want you to take out a piece of paper, or if you’re in your car just imagine this. You’re going to draw three circles on the paper. The first circle represents how important the past is to you. The second one represents how important the present is to you. and the third one represents how important the future is to you.

And by important I mean to say how much of your thoughts and your mind are occupied by these things — the past, the present, and the future. And, you know, for me, when I did it was sort like a very small circle, pinpoint, huge circle. [laughs] Because, you know, I really don’t think about the past that much at all. I just don’t. I’m not one to go roll over things. If anything, it’s all very dream like behind me. The moment to me right now is the moment right now. But it’s hard for me to access. I’m constantly thinking about tomorrow. I’m constantly thinking about the future.

**John:** Yeah. I would wonder whether that’s necessarily the healthiest balance. I agree that the past is maybe not as instructive and people tend to dwell too far in the past. And therefore we have terrible world situations.

But what’s interesting about the future, and if I could improve one thing about myself, and find myself doing it, I would say I clock it that I’m doing it, is I will visualize the future and I will visualize conversations — hypothetical conversations with people that are not productive. I will visualize, like, “I’ll say this, and then they’ll say that, and then I’ll say this, and I’ll do that. And you know what? That’s not going to really work out so well.”

**Craig:** [laughs] No. No, no, it’s true. I have occasionally caught myself in loops like that. I remember when I was on the board of directors of the Writers Guild, after the first few meetings it became clear to me that the nature of those board meetings was endless talking.

And it was frustrating talking because, frankly, so much of it was just wrong. You know, it was just sitting in a room listening to people say things that were wrong. And saying them with conviction. And when you hear people saying wrong things with conviction, something happens inside of you that is — well, maybe something happens inside of me. It was terrifying. [laughs]

And I would find myself sometimes at night playing out conversations in my head in which I attempted to make them see why they were wrong. And it never worked. Ever. It is, in fact, a waste of time.

But, it may also be neural flotsam and jetsam that is unavoidable to those of us who write because that is precisely the mechanism we use when we’re creating characters and writing dialogue.

**John:** Definitely.

**Craig:** So, it’s hard to make that muscle stop being a muscle.

**John:** Yes. But I think it is important to recognize that writing yourself into imaginary fights with people is not maybe necessarily the healthiest thing to be doing.

**Craig:** No.

**John:** So, I’m recognizing when I do it and hopefully not doing it as long as I’ve done it.

**Craig:** How many fights have we had in your head?

**John:** I don’t know that we’ve had that many fights. Maybe two.

**Craig:** [laughs].

**John:** And I’ll tell you, one of the fights I had in my head was over a script of mine that you read. And in a lovely way you were trying to talk about some aspect of it, but you said it did not hit my ears especially well.

**Craig:** Oh, I’m sorry.

**John:** And so therefore I started having the very unproductive conversation with you, the imaginary conversation in my head. How about you? How many fights have you had with me?

**Craig:** None. [laughs] Because, well, and I’m sorry. You know, that’s why I hate reading people’s scripts and talking about it because then I think like, “How can I say something here and not upset them if there’s something that I feel is wrong, or incorrect, or I don’t like.” And I don’t want to be pedantic about it.

But then there’s always the risk that that will happen. And it’s certainly not intentional.

**John:** Yeah.

**Craig:** I didn’t mean to hurt your feelings.

**John:** Oh, no, it’s fine. And people who are working on Big Fish know that I have about — you can sort of watch me and know sort of like where my meter is at. Because I can start crying at about 15 seconds at any given point. It’s been a very sort of stressful time. But it’s gotten to the point where it’s just like it’s almost kind of funny because it’s like I don’t have — I’m aware of it, and so it’s not so terrible.

**Craig:** I didn’t make you cry?

**John:** Oh, you didn’t make me cry at all. Not at all.

**Craig:** Because I thought that script was good. I really liked it.

**John:** Well thank you. Thank you.

**Craig:** Yeah. I mean, any thoughts I had were just — they were probably, you know, if you heard anything strange in my voice it was probably that I was encountering things that I had done in the past and paid terrible prices for. And maybe there was memories of old mistakes that may not necessarily have translated to your script, but maybe that was what it was.

**John:** I want to thank you for that.

Let us wrap up with our One Cool Things.

**Craig:** But now I’m going to have a fight in my head with you later though.

**John:** Oh, good. See? “How dare he be so sensitive about that thing? And how dare he call me out on a podcast about it?” That’s really what you’re fight is going to be.

**Craig:** Yeah. I think the more, frankly, the more you do that to me the better the podcast gets.

**John:** [laughs] Because it’s really the podcast where I knock Craig Mazin down a little bit.

**Craig:** But the best podcast. I wish every podcast were me defending myself. It’s my natural position.

**John:** Good! Yes. I very much enjoyed our Veronica Mars podcast for that reason, because we genuinely did disagree.

**Craig:** Yeah!

**John:** And I didn’t have to just take the opposite point of view.

**Craig:** That’s right.

**John:** I have a One Cool Thing this week which is actually courtesy of two members of our cast. Alex Brightman and Cary Tedder. And this is a recurring joke in the dressing rooms. It’s Carl Lewis “sings” The National Anthem at an NBA game. You may have seen this. This is from a long time ago.

**Craig:** Seen it! Seen it!

**John:** It’s really just amazing. So, it’s not a surprise — he does a terrible job. And there’s moments in it that are just brilliant. Because he recognizes, like, oh, this is not going well, so he says, “Uh-oh.” That uh-oh is great.

**Craig:** I know. That’s my favorite.

**John:** And so we’ve had some uh-oh moments in Big Fish. And nothing has gone horribly awry, but there are cats that have fallen out of trees when they weren’t supposed to. So, there have been some uh-oh moments, shot guns that are broken. And so “Uh-oh” has become sort of a recurring thing. So, I will include a link to it in the show notes. It’s only 30 seconds long, so it’s not going to take up a lot of your time.

What I think is fascinating about it is it’s not just to make fun of Carl Lewis, or not even to make fun of him. He’s given us a great illustration of why our National Anthem is so problematic. And I think some guidelines on sort of if you do need to sing The National Anthem, here is my personal piece of advice: You need to recognize that our National Anthem can only be sung if you start at near the very bottom of your singing register.

**Craig:** Correct.

**John:** So, National Anthem, the third note is the lowest note in the whole song.

**Craig:** “Say.”

**John:** Yeah. So, [sings] “Oh, say…” You have to figure out — well, that was a terrible one — but you have to figure out where your lowest note is.

**Craig:** Yeah.

**John:** The lowest note that you can sing well should be the “Say.” And then you have a chance, just a small chance, of being able to get through the song.

**Craig:** Basically you’re going from “Say” to “Glare.”

**John:** Yeah.

**Craig:** That’s the range of the song. And it’s a long range. And it is very difficult.

**John:** And if you don’t think about it ahead of time you’re going to make a natural assumption for most songs that you sing, which is that the first note is going to be somewhere in the middle of where that song is.

**Craig:** Right.

**John:** And that holds true for America the Beautiful. It holds true for Happy Birthday. Through most of the normal songs you sing. It’s just a fluke song. It requires far too much of a range.

So, figuring out this piece of my own, everyone is like, “Well, someone else must have given some good advice on how to sing the national anthem.” So, I’ll also include a link to this ten-point guideline for how to sing The National Anthem without embarrassing yourself. The zero point on that is never sing The National Anthem.

**Craig:** [laughs]

**John:** You basically can’t win with The National Anthem, unless you’re Whitney Houston, or Zooey Deschanel did a great job, too.

**Craig:** Lots of people can sing The National Anthem. And I actually like singing The National Anthem. You just have to know — you have to know that you can do it. The only way to sing The National Anthem is to sing it confidently, because the whole point is it’s a song about confidence. It’s a song about victory.

**John:** True.

**Craig:** And you cannot be confident if you, while you’re singing or thinking, “I wonder if I’ll hit the word Glare.” Maybe not. [laughs] You know?

**John:** One piece of advice in this blog post, and then I’ll stop talking about The National Anthem, is don’t look at a printed copy of it. Instead, listen to the song and handwrite out all the words so that they make sense to you. So, you can detect the through line of the story and that will keep you from messing up the “rockets’ red glare” and a couple couplets that always get messed up when people try to sing it.

**Craig:** [sings] “Bunch of bombs in the air.” You gotta put Leslie Nielsen’s version as Enrico Palazzo is the greatest version of The National Anthem ever.

**John:** I’ll have Stuart find that and link to it.

**Craig:** “Bunch of bombs in the air” is the greatest. You want to talk about one-to-one writing funny and being funny — “Bunch of bombs in the air.” That’s just amazing. Yeah.

**John:** Craig, do you have one this week?

**Craig:** I do. Yes. This is a Cool Thing that a lot of people already know is cool, but perhaps you don’t out there, and it’s the video game BioShock Infinite.

**John:** People love it.

**Craig:** People love it. I love video games. I loved the first BioShock a whole big ton. I’ve really enjoyed the second BioShock as well. This one sort of takes it to another level. So, BioShock, the series created and masterminded by a guy name Ken Levine who’s super duper smart. Interestingly, started his career — attempted to start his carrier as a screenwriter, and didn’t happen for him.

So, then he went out east to New York to become a playwright. Didn’t happen for him either. He is, however, I would argue the preeminent video game writer of our generation. No question he is actually. I mean, you could argue maybe that the Houser Brothers who do the Grand Theft Auto games are up there, too. But, frankly, I think Ken Levine is in a class all of his own.

The game is easily the most fascinating world conceived for those of us with a brain in the video game genre. It is remarkable. It is incredibly literate. It is incredibly literate almost to a fault. I will say — so I’ll give a little spoiler alert here — I’m not giving away the ending at all. I’m simply talking about the nature of the ending.

The nature of the ending is presented in such a curious way and is so much about you figuring out. I mean, there’s that metric of how much do I tell you, how much do I let you figure out. So, okay, I need you to know that Bruce Willis is really dead. So, I’m going to let you figure it out by showing the breath and then showing little flashbacks from the movie and then you’ll get it.

I’m not going to just have somebody announce, “He’s dead!” Well, end of BioShock Infinite, I think, errs a little too far in the “you figure it out — here, we’ve told you everything you need to know.” I couldn’t actually quite understand all of the intricacies of it until I went online and had people sort of explain it in depth, which reminded me a bit of the second Matrix film.

**John:** Yeah.

**Craig:** Which had that scene with the architect, which if you understand, is amazing. What he’s saying is amazing. And what they are presenting there is amazing. It’s just that nobody understood it, so it doesn’t matter. You don’t get credit for it. So, I think that the end of BioShock Infinite got a little too that way for me. But, now that I understand it, it’s pretty awesome. I just wish that it had been presented sort of in the way that Ken Levine presented the big twist inside of BioShock the first, which was done flawlessly and hits you like a ton of bricks.

And not only — that may be the greatest twist in video game history because not only did it create a twist in the story, but it created a twist for you as the player. You realized you hadn’t been playing the way you thought you had been playing, which was wild.

So, anyway, BioShock Infinite is a game worth playing if you are a writer, if you are intellectual, if you are fascinated by the connection between humanity and the crimes of humanity. So, that’s my big Cool Thing of the week.

**John:** Wonderful. I’m looking forward to that when I get back to Los Angeles. I will barricade myself and play some of that.

**Craig:** Yeah.

**John:** Craig, thank you for a fun podcast. Our standard boilerplate here at the end. Anything we talked about on the show today you can find at johnaugust.com/podcast, along with back episodes. If you like our show, it helps us if you give us a rating in iTunes so other people can find us. We are just Scriptnotes on iTunes.

If you have a question for us you can write at ask@johnaugust.com. Even better, you can go to johnaugust.com/podcast and there is a little thing, a link, that shows how to send a question in and the things we will talk about and the things we won’t talk about.

For example, we’d love if you’d put your location so we know where you’re writing from.

**Craig:** Yeah.

**John:** I am @johnaugust on Twitter. You are @clmazin?

**Craig:** That’s right.

**John:** And thank you, Craig, again for a fun podcast.

**Craig:** Thank you, John. See you next week.

**John:** All right. Bye.

LINKS:

* [First-sale doctrine](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First-sale_doctrine) on Wikipedia
* [Reselling Digital Goods Is Copyright Infringement, Judge Rules](http://www.wired.com/threatlevel/2013/04/reselling-digital-goods/) from Wired
* [Capitol Records LLC vs ReDigi Inc.](http://www.scribd.com/doc/133451611/Redigi-Capitol)
* New York times on [the ReDigi ruling](http://www.nytimes.com/2013/04/02/business/media/redigi-loses-suit-over-reselling-of-digital-music.html?\_r=0)
* [Carl Lewis “sings” The Star-Spangled Banner](http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HJLvCM4j2mg)
* Jonas Maxwell’s [tips for singing the national anthem](http://www.jonasmaxwell.com/pages/index.cfm?pg=298)
* [BioShock Infinite](http://www.amazon.com/dp/B003O6E6NE/?tag=johnaugustcom-20) on Amazon.com
* How to [ask a question](http://johnaugust.com/ask-a-question)
* OUTRO: Leslie Nielsen (as Enrico Palazzo) [sings the national anthem](http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=73ZsDdK0sTI)

First sale and funny on the page

April 9, 2013 News, QandA, Random Advice, Rights and Copyright, Scriptnotes, Transcribed, Words on the page

Craig and John look at two recent court decisions that could have a big impact on how movies get sold and resold — and how writers get paid. First-Sale Doctrine is one of those intractable issues that involves freedom and control, bits and atoms, creators and consumers.

From there, we take a look at whether comedy is necessarily funny on the page, and why jokes can work or fail based on tiny details. Then we tackle productivity and happiness, concepts that may not be as directly related as you believe.

LINKS:

* [First-sale doctrine](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First-sale_doctrine) on Wikipedia
* [Reselling Digital Goods Is Copyright Infringement, Judge Rules](http://www.wired.com/threatlevel/2013/04/reselling-digital-goods/) from Wired
* [Capitol Records LLC vs ReDigi Inc.](http://www.scribd.com/doc/133451611/Redigi-Capitol)
* New York times on [the ReDigi ruling](http://www.nytimes.com/2013/04/02/business/media/redigi-loses-suit-over-reselling-of-digital-music.html?\_r=0)
* [Carl Lewis “sings” The Star-Spangled Banner](http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HJLvCM4j2mg)
* Jonas Maxwell’s [tips for singing the national anthem](http://www.jonasmaxwell.com/pages/index.cfm?pg=298)
* [BioShock Infinite](http://www.amazon.com/dp/B003O6E6NE/?tag=johnaugustcom-20) on Amazon.com
* How to [ask a question](http://johnaugust.com/ask-a-question)
* OUTRO: Leslie Nielsen (as Enrico Palazzo) [sings the national anthem](http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=73ZsDdK0sTI)

You can download the episode here: [AAC](http://traffic.libsyn.com/scriptnotes/scriptnotes_ep_84.m4a).

**UPDATE** 4-15-13: The transcript of this episode can be found [here](http://johnaugust.com/2013/scriptnotes-ep-84-first-sale-and-funny-on-the-page-transcript).

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