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Scriptnotes, Ep 567: No Stars, Please, Transcript

November 14, 2022 Scriptnotes Transcript

The original post for this episode can be found [here](https://johnaugust.com/2022/20522).

**John August:** Hello and welcome. My name is John August.

**Craig Mazin:** My name is Craig Mazin.

**John:** This is Episode 567 of Scriptnotes, a podcast about screenwriting and things that are interesting to screenwriters. Today on the show, when do you want to cast a recognizable star, and when do you not? We’ll talk about how much fame you want and need in a given role. We’ll also talk about cutting characters, juggling multiple projects, and staying nimble.

**Craig:** Oh, nimble.

**John:** Nimble. In our Bonus Segment for Premium Members, Megana says I’m too good of a liar. We’ll see whether she’s right when we play Two Truths and a Lie.

**Craig:** That’s worth the $5 subscription right there. You know why you’re too good of a liar. You know why.

**John:** Why is that? Why is that?

**Craig:** It’s because you’re synthetic.

**John:** No, it’s because I prepare. We prepare the outline overall, but I will say that I spent at least 45 minutes yesterday thinking through some options for Two Truths and a Lie.

**Craig:** Wow.

**John:** It’s going to be a barn burner, because usually you play Two Truths and a Lie with strangers. It’s an icebreaker. We all know each other pretty well, so I have to really think about what you would know and expect.

**Craig:** Oh, boy. Megana.

**John:** Oh, boy.

**Craig:** Megana, why do I feel like the two of us have just been set up? We’ve just been set up.

**Megana Rao:** He just admitted it.

**Craig:** He admitted that. He said it exactly. He laid it out how he set us up. Listen, if you’re not a Premium subscriber now-

**John:** This is my magic trick really, because a magician sets up your expectations, like, “I’m going to perform a trick for you,” and then you have to see if you can identify when he’s performing the trick.

**Megana:** I still feel good about our odds, Craig.

**Craig:** I love your optimism, but I think we’re dealing with a criminal sociopath. If you’re not subscribing to the show by now, I don’t know what you’re waiting for. Don’t you want to see John just pick us apart like the budding Hannibal Lecter that he is?

**John:** That’s what it is. A reminder about our live show, October 19th in Los Angeles at the Dynasty Typewriter.

**Craig:** Hey, can I get tickets to that?

**John:** No, you cannot.

**Craig:** What?

**John:** It is sold out.

**Craig:** Of course it is.

**John:** You cannot get in-person tickets, but for the first time ever, we are going to have a livestream of the show, so you can watch it. No matter where you are in the world, you can watch it live. The streaming tickets are $25. You can find them at dynastytypewriter.com.

**Craig:** Here’s the thing. It doesn’t go to us. It goes to charity.

**John:** What is the charity that we’re doing this with?

**Craig:** Hollywood Heart.

**John:** Tell us about Hollywood Heart, Craig.

**Craig:** Hollywood Heart is I think our, I don’t know, seventh or eighth benefit show for Hollywood Heart. They’re a wonderful organization here, based here in Los Angeles, that we were introduced to by a friend of the show, John Gatins. They run a summer camp for underprivileged kids. It is centered around arts, I believe. They just do terrific work. Everybody deserves a chance to get outside, have some fun in the summer, learn, be safe, and get exposed to arts and culture, which are not frivolous, but rather really the only thing that keeps our humanity intact.

**John:** Agreed. If you would like to support that but also see us live on stage, you can go follow the link in the show notes or just go to dynastytypewriter.com and click a little thing there for live show tickets.

**Craig:** Hey John, what did you think the odds were that I was going to say I have no idea what the charity is and I don’t know what Hollywood Heart is? Come on. Be honest. What’d you think? 50/50?

**John:** No, I think you definitely knew what Hollywood Heart was, but I thought there was maybe a small chance you didn’t know that there was a Hollywood Heart benefit rather than a Writers Guild Foundation, which we’ve also done events for.

**Craig:** Megana, just to point out, that’s the second time John has attempted a setup. We know what the theme is. If this episode isn’t called John Sets Craig Up, I don’t know why it should be called anything else. That’s what this episode is.

**Megana:** I wonder if I can get a little tally to ding every time it happens.

**Craig:** A little setup chart, ding. So far we’ve got two setups.

**John:** We’ve got a third setup here, because Megana put this follow-up question in from a listener. Megana, do you want to read this?

**Craig:** Megana setup.

**Megana:** Craig from Sydney wrote in and said, “I would like Craig to clarify something. In Episode 564, Craig says editing is a puzzle. Yet in previous episodes, Craig says a jigsaw is not a puzzle.”

**Craig:** That’s right.

**Megana:** “Both involve taking small fragments of an overall image and arranging them to make a complete image. Can Craig please explain his nuanced view and bias against jigsaws?”

**Craig:** Craig from Sydney, first of all, I see you. What are you, some sort of industry lobbyist for the jigsaw factories, for Big Jigsaw? Let’s absolutely demolish your premise. You say that editing, like jigsaw puzzles, involves “taking small fragments of an overall image and arranging them to make a complete image.” Hey, Craig from Sydney, when you get a jigsaw puzzle, the image is on the box, is it not? You know exactly what you’re supposed to put together. In editing, you don’t. In fact, you can put it together any way you want. You are creating something ultimately that will be an image, a moving image with Kuleshov effect positioning and contrast. It’s just simply not the same at all. I can make anything I want out of editing. I cannot make anything I want out of a jigsaw. In fact, if I try and put this piece with that piece, and the box is like, “No, that’s not where we wanted you to put the old mill piece,” then I can’t, because jigsaws are crap. I reject your premise. I reject you. I may not ever visit Sydney now. Actually, I would love to go to Sydney. It looks beautiful.

**John:** Sydney’s great. We like Sydney.

**Craig:** It would be incredible. Also, I don’t reject you, Craig. You’re a Craig. I love you, Craig. You’re a Craig, which is different than Craig, but still, you’re a Craig from Sydney, and I love you.

**John:** While I greatly enjoy jigsaw puzzles, I will agree with Craig in that I don’t think the analogy really holds, because editing is not merely a visual puzzle. It’s really a narrative puzzle. It’s like, “How do I get this meaning to come across as a series of images and sounds that I can put together? How do I make this make sense?” Editing is much more like writing, which is just how to make these thoughts to actually cohere correctly in the receiver’s brain. I don’t think it’s a great analogy, honestly.

**Craig:** No, it’s not. Craig, I need you to work on your analogies, because you’re representing me in the land down under, unless you’re from Sydney, Ohio, in which case I don’t know what to say.

**John:** There’s a lot of Ohioans. Let’s talk about our main topic here, which is about stars. We’re going to title this episode No Stars, Please, but I want to make it clear that I’m not anti-actor, I’m not anti-celebrity, I’m not anti-star. We love movie stars. Movie stars are great. If it sounds like I’m crapping on anybody individually or collectively, certainly that is not my intention.

**Craig:** This feels setup-ish right here.

**John:** I want to talk about the fit of an actor and a role and why sometimes you don’t want a big star in certain roles.

**Craig:** That’s fair.

**John:** I think that is a thing you run into. I remember having a conversation with a casting director early on, maybe even for Go. We were trying to put the right people in the right spots. For international financing, we needed a big male star between 30 and 50 in the movie. There wasn’t a role for that person. It was going to break everything to try to do that. The casting director said, “Yeah, it’s so frustrating that people want to wedge somebody into a part which is going to actually be wrong for the movie.” Let’s talk about star, actor, role fit.

**Craig:** First question is not do we need a star, but should we have one. Everybody I think probably defaults to the belief that everybody wants a star, but there are certain situations where you really don’t. That in and of itself if a strange kind of alchemy where you ask yourself, given the nature of the work I’m doing here, whether it’s a television show or a movie, and the characters and the tone, would having a star in this role swamp everything? Would that person draw so much attention and focus to themselves that the souffle will collapse, and worse, will it puncture the tone we’re going for? Will it puncture the reality of what we’re trying to do?

There are levels of stars. There’s Tom Cruise and Brad Pitt, which they are luminous to the point of swamping everything around them. Brad Pitt was just in a movie where he… Bullet Train. Bullet Train! Great title. He’s on a train. He’s killing people. It’s like John Wick on a train. That’s great, but really if you had asked anybody, “Do you know that train movie?” they’d be like, “Oh, the Brad Pitt train movie,” not the anyone else train movie and not what the story of the train movie is, because he just… Honestly, you needed him for that. Otherwise, what was the point? What was the point of making that? You can’t make that movie with just a guy. Then there are things where you really have to avoid that phenomenon or it’s going to sink everything.

**John:** Let’s talk about the situations where you do want the star, where you do want the Brad Pitt in the role. How does having a star help? A lot of cases, it’s easier to get made because those stars attract money. You could make the movie Bullet Train at the budget you want with Brad Pitt in that role because everyone’s just like, “Oh, there’s a safety of having Brad Pitt. Brad Pitt will be able to open that movie. Brad Pitt can do the marketing for it,” and just what you said, “Let’s go see that Brad Pitt movie.” The title of the movie’s important, the concept of the movie’s important, the trailer’s important, but also that star is the anchor that you’re centering everything around. That’s a great reason to put that star in a role.

The other reason, maybe because they’re a terrific actor, because they are uniquely talented at being able to do that one thing. That’s why you want that star. It’s not just that they’re bringing their luminance, but what they’re good at is exactly what you need in that movie. That’s a great situation when you have both things happening at the same time.

**Craig:** There are also situations where… Let me stipulate, the number one reason you’ve mentioned, people are like, “Hey, we’re not making this unless we have a star,” because that’s the economics involved, but there are also times where you have a kind of story that requires a star, because you’re asking the audience to focus on and care about an individual for a long time.

When we were casting The Last of Us, we felt quite strongly that, unlike when we were casting Chernobyl, where we didn’t feel like we needed what we would call a star star, that we did need one for The Last of Us, because we were going to ask people to focus for so long on one man, and whereas with Chernobyl I felt like I wanted great actors, but there wasn’t a need for what they would call these bankable movie stars or anything like that, because that person would probably puncture the reality of being in Ukraine in 1986. That tonal thing is important.

This is another reason why you want to try and work with people that get it and have taste, because sometimes they do jam these things in, and it’s actually dead before it begins, because of miscasting, essentially.

**John:** Craig, before you brought up there’s levels of movie stars, let’s talk in a very rough sense about what we’d mean by those levels of movie stars. There’s these mega stars. There’s the Tom Cruises, the Will Smiths. There’s The Rock. They’re just these gigantic presences independent of the movie. You know who they are independent of all the roles they play.

**Craig:** They’re brands.

**John:** They’re brands. Weirdly, Leonardo DiCaprio, I would say, is that too, even though we don’t know a lot about Leonardo DiCaprio outside of his movie roles, because he doesn’t do a ton.

**Craig:** He’s iconic.

**John:** Iconic.

**Craig:** He’s an iconic actor. There are actors that are perfectly global. Everybody knows their name. We’re talking about billions of people. Billions of people now who Brad Pitt is. There aren’t that many of those people left, men and women, very few of them, because of the way we make things now. It’s just different.

**John:** For Aladdin, Will Smith was important. Could you have done Aladdin without Will Smith? Sure, you could’ve found somebody else who was great in that part, but Will Smith’s personality and his star presence was incredibly important to making Aladdin possible.

**Craig:** At that time.

**John:** At that time. At the time that we made Aladdin, you absolutely wanted Will Smith in that role. There’s another tier of actor, and I don’t mean tier in terms of quality, but that you recognize that person, but you’re not going to see that movie or see that series specifically for that person in most cases, so Ed Harris, Michelle Yeoh, Fantastic, Michael B. Jordan, any of the Chrises, like the Chris Pratts, the Hemsworths, the Chris Pines. They can be big stars, but they’re not iconic. They’re not going to drive everything.

**Craig:** I think I would make an argument that Hemsworth is now in that zone.

**John:** In a certain kind of role. Paul Rudd in a certain kind of role, yes, but Paul Rudd in a dramatic role, not so much.

**Craig:** It does depend on which thing you put them in. There are actors that are known for being brilliant and wonderful actors, but they don’t necessarily sell tickets. Selling tickets is not necessarily an indication of quality. It’s rare. When there’s this overlap of talent and selling tickets, that’s the holy grail. I think about Denzel Washington or Tom Hanks or Meryl Streep, where they sell tickets and they’re also great. That’s an even smaller subsection of huge stars.

There are incredible actors that are known, that do great work. That was actually kind of the fun when we were casting Chernobyl was just I had my dream cast. We got the dream cast. The dream cast was made up of three actors that were extraordinarily good. People did know their faces and their names, but they weren’t necessarily movie stars or anything like that. They needed to be able to be subsumed by the context, as opposed to overpowering it. There are incredible people like that.

It’s a really important thing to think about when you’re putting your movie together, you’re writing your script. Is this the kind of thing where you do in fact need that big wattage mega star, or will you be better off looking at people that aren’t about the wattage, but rather about, say, the quality?

**John:** We’ve been talking about movies and people who can open on opening day weekend, but TV is also a factor. Sometimes you want a recognizable person, and sometimes you don’t. I thought that casting Pedro Pascal in The Last of Us was really smart, because the people who want to like that show are going to know who Pedro Pascal is. A lot of other people who are going to watch that show really don’t know who Pedro Pascal is, because they’re not that familiar with Game of Thrones, they didn’t see him in Wonder Woman. He’s just the right size of star for that part. I’m sure that went into your consideration for him.

**Craig:** Yeah, and I think he’s about to be in a much bigger one because of the work he does in the show. He is a star. He has the star thing, which is you have to stare at him. He does that thing. He is widely known. It’s interesting, Mandalorian is such a strange show for him, because he doesn’t show his face for 98% of it. Having made a show now with Pedro, the thought of making a show with that face and not showing it just seems crazy, because it’s the best face.

You’re right, he was exactly the right thing. He was the right guy for us. I don’t think we could’ve done better for all sorts of reasons. We knew that we needed somebody that was a real star. Just the center of this thing had to have that in it, not only to hold your attention across many episodes about a man, but also to signify to people that this was quality.

That’s the other thing is when stars do things, there is a kind of imprimatur. There’s a stamp, because they get sent everything. Pedro Pascal is asked to be in 4,000 things, and Brad Pitt’s asked to be in 12,000 things and da da da. When they make a choice finally, you think, “Brad Pitt agreed to be in Bullet Train. This is probably pretty good.” That actually matters.

**John:** Agreed. A bit of a sidebar here, because you’re talking about Pedro and having star quality. A question for you. Who is the most attractive celebrity, famous person you’ve ever seen in person? Megana, you can answer this question too if you have an answer.

**Craig:** That’s a really good one.

**Megana:** Craig can’t choose me.

**John:** You’re radio famous, Megana, so it’s really not going to be fair for the audience.

**Craig:** I like that Megana just hurdles between wildly shy and self-hatred and then just crazy confidence.

**John:** Love it.

**Craig:** There’s nothing in between.

**Megana:** The extremes.

**Craig:** Just the wild extremes. There’s somebody in my mind that I remember thinking was astonishingly beautiful in person, just hard to wrap my mind around how beautiful they were.

**John:** I have a very distinct answer to that.

**Craig:** Who’s your answer?

**John:** I was in London. This was doing notes on Aladdin. I was staying in a hotel. I was leaving the hotel. I walked past this woman, and I actually audibly gasped. She was so beautiful. I was just dumbstruck for a moment. I left, and then I realized, oh, that was Lupita Nyong’o. Lupita Nyong’o was in London to do press for Queen of Katwe. I’d seen many photos of her before, but seeing her in person… I guess she was probably also made up for the press junket. She was actually just an unearthly beauty. She was radiant in a way that I’ve not ever experienced before. Lupita Nyong’o is the person. Her beauty does translate to screen. I’ve seen her in a lot of other things, but wow, in person, she just knocks you down. I’ve heard the same thing about Julia Roberts in the day too. People would say that with her. In her presence, you’d be like, “Oh my god, this person.”

**Craig:** Here’s my answer. I saw both of these people in person for the first and last time the same night. It was at the premier of Huntsman: Winter’s sequel. Charlize Theron-

**John:** I’ve heard that.

**Craig:** … and Chris Hemsworth individually are so beautiful, it’s hard to understand how they’re here. How does that happen? It’s hard to not feel like, “Oh wow, if I looked like that… ” I know I’m not supposed to beat myself up or anything. I’m not Chris Hemsworth. If I did the Chris Hemsworth workout, I would still be so far from Chris Hemsworth. That’s kind of crazy. Charlize, jeez, man.

**John:** I’ve definitely heard that about her.

**Craig:** Tall. She’s all Charlize-y.

**John:** Megana, have you encountered any celebrities in person that you’re like, “Oh my god, that person.”

**Craig:** Yeah, but other than me.

**Megana:** I haven’t run into that many celebrities, but I did pass Andrew Garfield on the street outside 101 Coffee Shop in Hollywood. I was like, “Whoa, that guy had a really cool vibe.” Then I realized it was Andrew Garfield.

**Craig:** Nice. Well spotted. That guy has an interesting quality about him. It’s amazing.

**John:** Now that we’ve talked about what star quality is, let’s talk about the kinds of roles you might slot these people into, because that’s really where things break down. Roughly, I’ll say there’s three levels of roles. There’s your principals, so that’s your hero, your villain, the people who are going to have a lot of screen time. They’re going to be driving the action. You have your supporting roles. You have the spouse, the friend, the boss, the commander, people who have multiple scenes, but they’re not so crucial to everything.

Then you have barely-theres. You have your waiters, your assistants, cashiers, your neighbors. Where I find I can take it out of the movie is when you have somebody who has that star quality wattage or is just legitimately famous, and they’re in one of those supporting roles, your barely-theres. You’re like, “Why is this person here? What is that person doing in that role?” It does throw everything out of whack.

**Craig:** There is a reasonable and warranted technique of putting a very high wattage star in a small cameo part, because whatever it is that they’re playing needs instant gravitas. When somebody finally shows up, everybody’s been talking about the boss, and then the boss shows up, and you’re like, “Oh my god, it’s Tom Hanks. We get it. No wonder they’re all worked up about him.” If some guy shows up, then you don’t feel as anchored in. Generally speaking, actors of that quality and wattage, they’re not going to show up unless it’s something like that. They sense as well as anyone what their value is. That in and of itself feels like it would be exhausting to just be aware of your own value and think about it all the time. At least as writers, we can just come and write stuff and then go home. Nobody sees our face.

**John:** Craig, I want to try to distinguish between two different things you’re describing there, because there’s a cameo, which I feel like is a self-limiting scene, where it’s clearly like, oh, this character’s going to show up and do their little bit, and we’re not expecting them to ever come back. It feels self-closing. Matt Damon shows up in the Thor movies playing a pudgy version of Thor. That feels deliberately self-limiting. Or Melissa McCarthy also shows up in Love and Thunder. You know that is a cameo.

**Craig:** Fun.

**John:** It has an entry point, an exit point. It’s fun. The other thing you’re describing reminds me of Alec Baldwin in Glengarry Glen Ross, where they’re talking about he’s going to show up, and then Alec Baldwin shows up and does one scene, does incredibly well, just knocks it out of the park, and leaves. You needed somebody with that stature in that part. It was crucial.

**Craig:** Alec Baldwin was not actually a huge star at that time.

**John:** I guess you’re right.

**Craig:** What he had was star power. They needed somebody to essentially start that movie as a human manifestation of an angry Old Testament God to lay down the law, establish the tone, and then leave. All the wreckage in his wake is where the drama is, and you needed somebody to just hold the center of it. This was an actor who had to intimidate Ed Harris, had to intimidate Jack Lemmon, had to intimidate Alan Arkin, these great actors, put them in their place, knock them down. You need somebody who can hold that position. If they don’t, you won’t buy it. Again, it’s all a souffle. Everything is so delicate. There are a hundred ways for it to go wrong and really generally one or two ways for it to go right. That is the terrifying part of casting. Every time you cast somebody, you might be ruining things. That’s the scary part.

**John:** It also plays into audience expectations. There’s a well-known story, which may be apocryphal. Ed O’Neill, between Married with Children and Modern Family, he’s a very good actor. He’d be cast in non-comedic roles. Everyone would be like, “I don’t believe him at all,” or they’d laugh when they see him, because it’s like, “Oh, he’s Al Bundy. He’s supposed to be funny.” When he’s not being funny, that’s a problem. That’s a limitation for an actor. It’s frustrating for them, but also, you as the person who has to make the movie, you got to know what those expectations are going to be of the audience.

It’s one thing if you’re casting Melissa McCarthy in Can You Ever Forgive Me, because she is the center of that movie. Everyone that sits down to watch the movie knows that it’s not a funny part and that she’s playing something different than what you’d usually see. If Ed O’Neill shows up as a judge in a drama, it’s going to throw you for a bit.

**Craig:** I think that that has changed somewhat. It used to be much worse. Typecasting was a real thing. Now I feel like people actually look forward to these switch-ups. Ed O’Neill is a terrific actor. He’s older. As actors age, sometimes they just get less interested in doing a lot of stuff, and they just do fewer things. The great Gene Hackman just retired. He didn’t want to do it anymore. A few years ago, he was like, “I’m done.”

Tom Hanks was always the example of the guy that somehow magically was able to start his career on a sitcom where he was cross-dressing to get into farcical situations. Then a few years later he’s in Philadelphia, and you’re like, “How the hell did this even happen?” because he was just that good. Also, there was just a humanity there that crossed back and forth. Again, some people have it. I think nowadays, it’s a little easier. I think people kind of like it. I think they like watching people go back and forth. There’s something exciting about it.

I would say to anybody that’s making a drama to heed well the words of the great Vince Gilligan, who said that he just makes a practice of casting funny people in not funny parts, because funny people are the best. They just have this remarkable sense of drama and humanity. That’s why Vince Gilligan, a genius, truly a genius, I don’t use the word often, cast Bryan Cranston, the dad-

**John:** From Malcolm in the Middle.

**Craig:** … from Malcolm in the Middle, a sitcom, an Ed O’Neill part, in the most wonderful, dramatic part in Breaking Bad. It’s why he then took Bob Odenkirk, and he elevated him. It’s just what he does. He’s so smart about that. It is remarkable. Funny people are the best people, I will say.

**John:** The last example I’ll put up is just casting somebody who the minute they show up, you’re expecting them to be more important to it. Heartstopper is a Netflix show that I thought was delightful. Olivia Colman plays one of the boys’ moms. She’s great. She’s lovely, a flawless performance, but it throws you a bit, because you’re just like, “Wait, that’s Olivia Colman. She can do more than that. Why is she only doing this stock mom role?” We did interviews where she talks about why she wanted to do it. I totally get it. I do wonder if casting somebody else in that part would’ve actually been a better choice, because I cannot watch the scenes with her and not think, “Oh, that’s Olivia Colman.” I wonder if a better choice might’ve been to put somebody else in there who did not have that stature.

**Craig:** That’s the weird math you have to do, where you go, “Okay, this person puts out this much light and heat. This role requires this much light and heat.” If there’s too much, then it’s going to break things. It’s tricky. It’s hard, because when you’re putting things together, if someone says, “You’re not going to believe this, but Olivia Colman read the script, and she wants to play the mom,” who’s going to be like, “No.”

**John:** That’s exactly the point. No one’s going to say no. Of course. It’s great.

**Craig:** That’s the tricky part.

**John:** Let’s wrap this up by saying a reminder. There’s a reason why stars are stars sometimes. They actually have these magical abilities to just inspire us to look at them and pay attention to them. That’s why you want them in those principal roles a lot of times, because they’re just so good. Sometimes we’ll identify folks who are not even famous yet, but like, “Oh, you’re going to be famous.”

I think I’ve said this on the podcast before. Josh Holloway came in to audition. He played Sawyer on Lost. He came in to audition pre-Lost for this one show I was doing. He was completely wrong for the part, but I said in the room, “This is not the role for you, but Jesus, you are a star. I can absolutely tell you’re going to be a thing who’s going to break out.” He was really nice about that and said thanks and left the room. I was right.

Some people just have that ability. You want those people in those principal roles or smaller roles where they can actually expand and maybe they can steal some stuff. Once they’re famous, you don’t want to stick them in places where even though they might have the skills to play that role, they’re just going to break your movie or your show.

**Craig:** They’re going to break your thing. What it comes down to, since everybody listening has access to all the stars, just be careful about which stars you choose.

**John:** We have all these listener questions that say like, “Hey, so this megastar wants to be in movie. Should I let him be in the movie?”

**Craig:** No.

**John:** The answer is yes.

**Craig:** No.

**John:** No, absolutely not. You’re not allowed in this movie.

**Craig:** Brad Pitt for that? I don’t know. I didn’t meet Brad Pitt. Once I stood next to Brad Pitt. Have you ever met Brad Pitt?

**John:** I think I shook his hand.

**Craig:** I never shook his hand. I was at the AFI Television, whatever the hell it was. I don’t know. It’s called the AFI Celebrates. It’s the best event. It’s better than all the awards shows, because nobody wins anything. It’s just like, “Here’s 10 things we liked. We love all of you.” You feel great. Brad Pitt was there. I was standing near him while he was talking to somebody, and I was so aware of my proximity to Brad Pitt. I had a para-social relationship with Brad Pitt.

**John:** How can you not?

**Craig:** How can you not?

**John:** The women he’s been with and the career he’s had and the stars, it’s a lot.

**Craig:** It’s a whole thing.

**John:** Our next topic is a Megana suggestion. Megana, help set us up here. You want to talk about committing to an idea and its execution by staying flexible. What are you thinking here?

**Megana:** Yes, I did. Craig, do you watch The Bachelorette?

**Craig:** You know. That’s a setup. Now you set me up. You know I don’t watch that.

**Megana:** You’re watching this season, right?

**Craig:** You know I don’t watch The Bachelorette. You know that. Is it a television show?

**Megana:** It is a television show.

**Craig:** Then you know I don’t watch it.

**Megana:** It’s a reality dating show. It starts off with a lead, the single woman, and she has 30 contestants.

**Craig:** Of course.

**Megana:** By the end, she whittles them down to one, and they propose to her.

**Craig:** Then they abuse the institution of marriage, yeah.

**Megana:** Exactly. We’re in the later weeks of this season. The Bachelorette has several contestants. She’s like, “Maybe I’ll marry Jason, or maybe I’ll marry Eric, or I’m also in love with Johnny.”

**Craig:** She sounds terrible. Go on.

**Megana:** I’m on my couch, locked in, committed to one of these men and devastated when they go.

**Craig:** Aw.

**Megana:** I was watching it, and I was like, “Maybe I’m over-committing.” Then I was reading a notes email, and I was like, “I think this also shows up in my writing, perhaps, the impulse to take an idea and just death grip onto it.” I was hoping that you guys could talk about staying nimble, being open, but also, I don’t know, moving forward.

**Craig:** I get it.

**John:** I get that too. Let’s put it in the context of notes, because a lot of times when you get notes, an instinct will be to seize up and protect and defend, rather than say, “Okay, I get what they’re saying. This is another way I could go. This is another way I could go.” If you are too flexible and too nimble, you will not actually have the drive to finish a thing and not be able to complete it, because you would take every note. Over-flexibility can be a problem, but rigidity is not good for a writer either. Craig, how do we balance this?

**Craig:** I think haphazardly and clumsily and with great potential for error. This one goes actually to the heart of what is most miserable I think about what we do, Megana. There was a talk I gave years ago. I can’t even remember to whom it was. They were asking me to talk about creativity. I brought up this example that I think about all the time. I’ve been thinking about it since I was a kid. You guys I assume have read The Little Prince.

**John:** Oh yeah, of course.

**Craig:** Classic.

**John:** Saint-Exupery.

**Craig:** Saint-Exupery, classic children’s book. The Little Prince begins with this foreword where he is talking about his own childhood, the author, Antoine de Saint-Exupery. He is talking about how he drew a picture as a young person. The picture was the snake that had eaten an elephant. When he would show it to the adults, the adults would look at it and say, “That’s a hat,” because the snake was roughly hat-shaped, because the elephant was inside of it, if you can imagine. He was like, “No, you idiots. It’s an elephant inside a snake. Why can’t they see?” Then he meets the Little Prince, this Jesus-like child figure from the stars above. He shows the Little Prince the picture that he drew. The Little Prince says, “Oh, that’s an elephant inside of a snake.” He goes, “Aha, you see, children can see these things.”

I was a child, and I was like, “No, MF-er, that’s a hat. You cannot put that on people. It’s a hat. It’s a hat. It’s not their fault. You cannot blame the audience because they didn’t Jesus their way into your head and see the beauty of the elephant inside the snake. It’s not their fault.”

What he was putting forth was something that I do admire in people, which is this artistic confidence and self-assurance. “I’m not the problem. You’re the problem. I am committed to this elephant inside the snake. I will meet somebody that gets it. Then that person and I will go on to make great things,” or in the case of the Little Prince, the Little Prince will die. Then Saint-Exupery will also die. Regardless, I have always had the opposite issue, which is I’m so panicked that people will think it’s a hat, and then the first person says it’s a hat, I’m like, “Oh god, it’s no good.”

It’s unfortunately one of those things that is a dichotomy you have to navigate. The only advice I can give you or anybody is to just be aware if you feel like you’ve gone too far in one direction. That’s all I can say. You don’t want to be the person that just changes everything all the time. It’s impossible to write things if you’re not committed to them. As John says, if you’re too rigid and you get stuck, you just are incapable of either improving it or recognizing that everybody will look at it and say, “That’s a hat.”

**John:** Megana will know that there’s a project that I’m in discussions to write that is very complicated and has a lot of moving parts and pieces and people involved. A thing I’m reminding myself at all times is that I need to be flexible and not over-commit to one way of doing a thing because of all the different people involved.

What I can do is commit to a vibe, like, “This is the feeling of the movie that I wish to make here. This is what I want. This is the vision for what I have that’s going to happen.” I cannot be, at this point, too specific about which elements will make it through, what is the actual plot, story, beats, how does it all fit together, because of just the people involved. I need to be able to be incredibly open and embracing all these different things, and at some point synthesize this down to a place where I can say, “Let’s do this,” and we will all hopefully agree on what this is. Even in that, even as I deliver them a draft, I will have to say, “Now if that is not going to meet the needs of everybody else here, I’m going to have to be flexible to do the next thing.” At every point, I need to be true to the vision for the overall movie that I want to do rather than this plot sequence is how I want to get there.

My most frustrating moments as a writer over the course of my career have been those times where I held on too strongly to one thing I wanted to defend in my project and lost sight of the overall goal of getting this to be a movie that got made in a certain way or had a certain kind of feel. At every stage, you have to be both committed to the overall vision, but flexible in how you’re going to get there.

**Craig:** That’s absolutely true. That’s the scariest part, because you describe the nightmare scenario is you cling too hard to a thing, you lose sight of the big picture, and the whole thing dies. I think it was the line that they put on the poster for Pet Sematary, “Sometimes dead is better.” There are certain circumstances where the things you would have to do to bring it all to life would not be worth bringing it to live, because once it’s alive, everybody will look at it and be repelled in horror, because people don’t know what they want. They think they know what they want, but they don’t know what they want.

I always felt like when you do test screenings for movies and such, you should get all of your data, ask all the questions, have them fill out the forms, but then also a week later, do it again, not the viewing, but just come back to all those people and just say, “Do the forms again,” because sometimes it takes people time to figure out that they either love or hate something. You won’t know unless you check. You may put something out there that in its horrible form presses enough for an hour, but then everybody settles in and hates it. Sometimes dead is better.

I guess, Megana, the difficult answer is that there is no answer other than to say if you feel yourself drifting hard right or hard left, head towards the center. Don’t give up the notion of committing to something. It’s really important. I don’t know how you write something without it. You have to be able to commit and then divorce yourself and then remarry and divorce and remarry and divorce and remarry, just like you do in your real life.

**John:** To bring it back to The Bachelorette, maybe the overall vision would be this young woman sees herself married to a fantastic man and having a life ahead, and she’s not committing to which of these men it’s going to be quite yet, but she wants to make sure she stays true to that vision. She’s not going to pick a guy who’s not going to be able to get her there. Is that a fair way of thinking through the decision process?

**Megana:** I think that that’s right. Right now, we’re at the point where it’s like whoever wants to propose to them, they’re going to pick, because that is what the vision is.

**Craig:** So weird.

**John:** So weird.

**Craig:** I swear to God, these shows. John, as a gay man living in a country where there was not gay marriage, when you watch these shows, are you just like, “You sons of bitches. I’m over here in a water shortage, and you people are just having water balloon fights all day long on this show called Let’s Waste Water.”

**John:** Yeah, it was largely frustrating. That’s part of the reason we were involved in the lawsuits we were involved in to try to get marriage equality to happen. I think we’ve talked about this on the show before. They’ve tried to make the gay Bachelor, and it just doesn’t work, because everyone can just hook up with everybody else. It just doesn’t work.

**Craig:** That’s going against the best part of being gay, as far as I can see from the outside. That’s the part I yearn for the most and will never have.

**John:** Megana, we have a question from Joe in Rancho Cucamonga. Anybody from Rancho Cucamonga moves to the top of the queue.

**Craig:** Rancho Cucamonga.

**Megana:** Joe says, “I just got hired to rewrite a script for an indie thriller. It’s technically my first paid gig, and I’m really excited for the opportunity.”

**John:** Hooray, Joe.

**Craig:** Nice job.

**Megana:** “Meanwhile, I have two scripts in development with a big producer and two other projects that my manager is trying to set up at different companies. My question is, in the unlikely but totally awesome scenario that I sell all of these in the immediate future, how should I go about managing my time to actually write them? Two are currently outlines, while the other two would be rewrites. How do I prioritize which scripts get written first? Is it common to tell people that I’m already working on a script and you have to wait? Would I be in danger of not selling them because I’m too busy? Or could I just block out certain periods of time and say these eight weeks are for this script, and these next eight weeks are for that script? These are First World problems to have, for sure, but in the case I’m confronted with this reality, I’d love some guidance on how to navigate these awesome waters.”

**Craig:** Awesome waters.

**John:** Awesome waters.

**Craig:** That’s a good name for a water park.

**John:** That is one of my favorite theme parks.

**Craig:** Awesome Waters in Rancho Cucamonga. Thursdays, water slide free.

**John:** Joe has an imaginary problem. I’m guilty of this a lot. I’ll catastrophize ahead and think, “Oh, what if all this stuff happens.”

**Craig:** What if the Oscars and the Nobel Prize ceremony are in the same night?

**John:** There are real situations where I’ve been on two things at the same time. It’s challenging. I have to level with people. I was working with Spielberg on a thing, and I was working on a Charlie’s Angels thing. There was too much stuff that was happening simultaneously.

It’s actually rare. The reason why it’s rare is that you can set up to do a rewrite, you could do this other thing, but the way the deals come out and how the timing happens, it’s rare that you’re going to be stuck on two things, and Joe, in your situation, that you’re going to be stuck on two things at the same time, and where you’re going to have to schedule your time so carefully. Your overall plan of, “This eight weeks will be this, and that eight weeks will be this,” it’s going to work out for you in most cases. Craig, what do you think?

**Craig:** I had something lined up that needed to be written after the thing that I was writing for 27 years now. I have had moments where I was a little panicky and saying to my representatives, “Oh god, yes, I want to do that, but this and that.” They’ve always said the same thing, which was, “It’ll work out.” It always works out. It always does.

There was one time where I got yelled at by a producer who was angry that he had to wait four weeks for something. I called the studio, and I said, “Look, I just got yelled at by this guy. I thought I was clear about how this works and all the rest of it. I’m trying to do a good job. I want to do a good job. The people that I’m working for right now would be very upset, just as you would be upset, if I suddenly just stopped working on their thing.” The studio said, “Don’t worry about that guy,” because I guess he was an idiot. Other than that, everybody just understands.

I would say, Joe, it’s not a problem to be in demand. If you say to people… Rather, your representatives. Hopefully you are well represented. You say your manager, so I’m annoyed, but fine. Your manager can just say, “Yeah, you got to wait. He’s in demand.” That just makes people want you more, generally. No one is going to say, “Oh my god, I want to buy this script, but oh god, I got to wait seven weeks for you to be able to rewrite it? No, then I don’t want to buy it.” Of course not. You know how long it takes to just buy things anyway? It will work out. Stuff will work out.

As you go on in your career, if it develops and you are doing well, you will end up in places where sometimes you do have to say no because of your own schedule. That’s annoying, but what you don’t want to be is somebody that says yes to something that you know you just are not able to responsibly do in a reasonable amount of time. Don’t do that. Other than that, it’ll all work out.

**John:** The only situations where the time really matters is production or very close to production, where they absolutely need this thing next week, or else everything’s going to fall apart. In those situations, I’ve had things where on a given day, I’ve had to work on three different projects. That is tough. That context switching is tough. You can do it. It’s really rare. It’s such a high-class problem to have, because you’re generally being paid really well for those situations. Don’t worry about it, Joe.

**Craig:** Don’t worry about it.

**John:** You’ll be fine.

**Craig:** You’ll be fine. Nobel Prize, Oscar, same night.

**John:** Megana, another question.

**Megana:** Haley wrote in and said, “I have a pitch to a production company coming up. I’m one of four writers pitching on the project. The pitch to the head of the company will be via Zoom. The creative executives have asked if it’s all right to record it. I’m reading the pitch off a detailed written document. If it’s recorded, doesn’t that function effectively as a leave-behind of the unpaid work I’ve done? Can I say, ‘No, sorry, that’s against the Guild’s No Writing Left Behind policy?’ or am I at a disadvantage against the other writers if I decline?”

**Craig:** This is actually a very interesting copyright discussion that involves the difference between a recorded performance and writing. First of all, Haley, I’m a little concerned that you’re reading a pitch off a detailed written document. That just sounds like the most boring way to pitch something ever. Side note, you didn’t ask me for my advice on that, but don’t do that. Don’t do that. Don’t read the pitch off the detailed written document. Pitch it. Pitch it like you know it. Pitch it like you care pitch your passion. That’s what we always say here, pitch your passion.

That said, no, if it is recorded, if you did in fact read the pitch off a detailed written document, what they have is a recording of a performance of something you’ve written. That does not give them the rights to the thing you’ve written. Writing is a literary material in fixed form. It is not a performance. If I go to Hamilton and I film it on my phone, which I should not be allowed to do, I don’t own that recording, nor do I own Hamilton. No, it’s not writing. Writing is literary material as the Guild defines it. That said, I just wouldn’t do it, because it sounds boring.

**John:** Megana will testify that-

**Craig:** Testify.

**John:** I went out with a pitch. We pitched to a bunch of different places. During the Zoom, I keep my notes up to the top of the screen, and so I’m keeping eye contact. It feels really spontaneous. As Megana was the person who had to advance the slides in the Zoom, she will-

**Craig:** Testify.

**Megana:** John is a very good actor. It always felt very spontaneous. I felt very betrayed when I saw the actual document.

**John:** She saw the actual document, but she also recognized that I was giving the exact same performance on every one of these things. Really, I should’ve just recorded it once and hit play for that, because it was exactly the same thing. Then of course the Q and A’s and all the other stuff like that were all unique discussions and vibrant. I get what Haley’s describing, because you end up giving a performance that is kind of scripted to these people, which always was the case in pitches also. It’s just that now on Zoom, you can actually look at your document and it doesn’t feel like cheating.

**Craig:** Looking at a document, notes, and all the rest of it, this is a separate thing about what’s an interesting way to pitch something, totally fine to do. Zoom allows you to do that, whereas once when you were in rooms, they could tell. That’s perfectly fine. Straight reading off of a detailed written document just sounds terrible.

**John:** Don’t do it.

**Craig:** Either way, whether they record your performance, however you perform it, no, that’s not writing. That is not writing at all.

**John:** Let’s do our One Cool Things. Craig, I see you have a One Cool Thing who is an actor.

**Craig:** Yes, my One Cool Thing is one cool person. We had the Emmy’s, John. Did you watch the Emmy’s or were you watching Monday night football?

**John:** I watched one frame of the Emmy’s.

**Craig:** Oh, because you were watching Monday night football, of course.

**John:** I’m 100% about all that American football.

**Craig:** You called it American football.

**John:** I did. For our international listeners, I called it American football.

**Craig:** It’s amazing how you can do that even when you’re not trying to do it. It’s incredible. Lots of wonderful stuff went on at the Emmy’s in terms of the shows. Lots of good choices were made. White Lotus, big winner. Mike White, big winner. Also winning for White Lotus for Best Supporting Actor in a Limited Series, the great Murray Bartlett.

**John:** Terrific Australian actor.

**Craig:** Wonderful Australian actor. He’s been around for a long time doing wonderful work in Looking and Tales of the City. He was amazing in White Lotus as Armond the hotel manager who, if you have not seen the show, I won’t tell you how it all ends for him, because it’s remarkable. His fellow countrymen of course refer to him as Murray Bartlett. He’s also wonderful as Frank in the upcoming HBO series The Last of Us. He’s the nicest guy in the world, by the way, and a terrific actor.

**John:** Seems like he should be.

**Craig:** He’s wonderful. Seeing wonderful, lovely people win, especially in Hollywood, is just so gratifying. He’s so lovely. I was just thrilled for him. I was also thrilled for Melanie Lynskey. Even though she did not win, she was nominated for Best Actress in a Dramatic Series, I believe. She is also a terrific human being.

**John:** Agreed.

**Craig:** She’s from New Zealand, so really, this is about that whole area.

**John:** I’m going to keep the tradition going, because my One Cool Thing also involves an Australian.

**Craig:** Oh, good.

**John:** An Australian megastar. Yeah, big star. Nicole Kidman. My One Cool Thing is actually the David Mack article for Buzzfeed that goes into the backstory of how the AMC Nicole Kidman ad came to be. Somehow, heartbreak feels good in a place like this, Craig.

**Craig:** Can I just confess something? I saw this, and I was like, “This seems reasonable.” I thought it was pretty cool. It was a nice ad for returning to the movie theaters. Was it eager? Yes.

**John:** Was it a little earnest? Yeah.

**Craig:** It was earnest and eager.

**John:** As a person who’s often eager and earnest, I can completely appreciate that. Through repetition, it became a meme. If it had just been out there for a week, it would’ve vanished, but the fact that it kept playing and kept playing, it became a cultural meme. This David Mack article digs into the history of that, including the involvement of Billy Ray, one of our previous Scriptnotes guests, who’s one of the writers on that advertisement.

**Craig:** Was he really? I didn’t know that.

**John:** Yes. I thought he directed it. Apparently, he did not direct it, but he did some of the writing on that. Now that I know that, it feels some Billy Ray-ness to it, in the sense of just it is earnest in a way that I sometimes associate with Billy Ray.

**Craig:** I thought it was very nice. I thought it was very sweet, very nice. Nicole Kidman is remarkable. That’s another megastar, by the way. So much wattage there. I guess it seems like this world around the Nicole Kidman thing has been somewhat with it. It’s not making fun of it as much as enjoying it with it. Any time I feel like drag queens are doing parody versions, it means that it’s beloved.

**John:** It’s like the boy who loves corn.

**Craig:** I love the boy who loves corn. It’s corn.

**John:** It’s corn. It’s specific, and it just feels like a great moment of public performance. Anyway, check out this David Mack article, which I thought did a nice job of explaining the phenomenon of it.

**Craig:** I think it’s great. I think it’s great. Sometimes just lack of cynicism is a lovely thing.

**John:** I agree 100%. Finally on the show, if you’re listening to this on Tuesday, October 20th, when this came out, we are now deep enough into the podcast that the Kickstarter for Writer Emergency Pack XL should now be live.

**Craig:** Live!

**John:** Craig can click through the little link there to see. Longtime listeners will know that back in 2015, my little company did the original Writer Emergency Pack. It was a deck of cards designed to help get your story unstuck. Back then, we hoped to print 100 of them. We ended up printing 8,000 of them to ship them to backers-

**Craig:** That’s a lot.

**John:** … and 8,000 to classrooms across the country. I think, Craig, you described it as the Toms shoes strategy of give one, get one. For every pack we sent out to backers, we sent one to a classroom. They’re now in classrooms all over the country, which has been great, but we want to do a bigger, better version of them. This is the version that Aline always wanted us to do, which is putting all the information for the cards on one side, so it’s a physically bigger deck. It’s a tarot-sized card deck.

**Craig:** That’s nice.

**John:** It’s good. We got brand new artwork, a new hard box that will last longer. If you would like one of these, and you live in the US or Canada, back us on Kickstarter, because we will be sending them out to you soon. I think they turned out really, really well.

**Craig:** What is the material that you use for the cards? Is it a plastic, or is it a paper?

**John:** It is a paper. One of our goals in this version of the project is to really lower our environmental footprint, our carbon footprint. We are using certified paper. The box is proudly cardboard, shipboard. Even our packaging materials are 100% recyclable and compostable. We want to make sure this thing is durable and lasts, but when you’re done with it, it’s not going to stick around for a thousand years.

**Craig:** Put it in your compost pile.

**John:** That’s what you can do. I can’t promise you that it’s compostable, but I think it probably will be.

**Craig:** That’s not a great slogan for a new product. “You can throw it out.”

**John:** “Probably compostable.”

**Craig:** “You can rot this.”

**John:** “This will eventually rot. Like all things, this will disintegrate.”

**Craig:** I think that actually is a great slogan for this. “This is garbage.”

**John:** “One day, this too, like you, will rot.”

**Craig:** Will just be a loam, just a loamy soil.

**John:** This could be another Bonus topic, but let’s talk about burial at some point, because I am really opposed to corpse burial and casket burial.

**Craig:** So am I. It’s so stupid. I can’t believe we’re doing it. I can’t believe we put people in boxes and then put the box in the ground.

**John:** No, we don’t put the box in the ground. We put the box in a concrete vault in the ground.

**Craig:** Really? I thought it was just dirt.

**Megana:** What?

**John:** You cannot put a casket in the ground. You have to put a concrete vault in.

**Craig:** Wait, what?

**John:** Then the casket goes in the concrete vault.

**Craig:** No, but I’ve seen… What?

**John:** No, Craig, they’re lowering the casket down into a concrete vault they’ve already put there.

**Craig:** Wait, but why do I see dirt then?

**John:** Because they’re throwing dirt on top of it, but then they’re putting a lid on top of that before they throw all the other dirt in.

**Craig:** Really?

**John:** Yeah. In almost every jurisdiction in the US, you’re not allowed to just put the box.

**Craig:** Wow.

**John:** You have to put a vault.

**Craig:** Because you don’t want rotting bodies in the water table?

**John:** Yeah.

**Craig:** That makes sense. Everybody should be burned. Everybody. Burned instantly, by the way.

**John:** If you are as opposed to casket burial as I am, please back us on Kickstarter. The Kickstarter will be running for 30 days. We only need to hit $26,000 to send these things to people. I think we’ll hit that. I’m just really happy with them. We’ve been working on them for a long time.

**Craig:** Nice.

**John:** It’s good to finally get them out there in the world.

**Craig:** Congratulations. Hopefully, people do back that. Does this Kickstarter require this many people do it before it activates?

**John:** We have 30 days to hit our goal of $26,000.

**Craig:** Please.

**John:** I think we’ll hit that.

**Craig:** Of course.

**John:** We have to hit our goal. Beyond that, we can do stretch goals and things. We decided to limit it to only the US and Canada, because international shipping is not only financially expensive, but also the carbon footprint of that is a lot. If you are an international backer who wants one, hold still, because we will find partners to make them in other places so we’re not having to ship these things across oceans.

**Craig:** That makes total sense. Do you know what I would love?

**John:** Tell me what you’d love.

**Craig:** I would love for you to read some boilerplate.

**John:** Oh my god, I’m going to do it. Scriptnotes is produced by Megana Rao.

**Craig:** Yay!

**John:** It’s edited by Matthew Chilelli.

**Craig:** Oh my god, yes.

**John:** Our outro is by Adam Pineless. If you have an outro, you can send us a link to ask@johnaugust.com. That’s also where you can send longer questions. For short questions on Twitter, Craig is @clmazin, I’m @johnaugust. You can find the show notes for this episode and all episodes at johnaugust.com, which is where you’ll find transcripts and sign up for our weekly-ish newsletter called Inneresting.

**Craig:** Inneresting.

**John:** Which has lots of links to things about writing. We have T-shirts.

**Craig:** Yay.

**John:** They’re great. You can find them at Cotton Bureau. You could get the brand new Scriptnotes double S T-shirt up there now. We’re about to print a new batch of those. You can sign up to become a Premium Member at scriptnotes.net, where you get all the back-episodes and Bonus Segments, like the one we’re about to record on Two Truths-

**Craig:** Two Truths-

**John:** … and a Lie.

**Craig:** … and a Lie.

**John:** Craig and Megana, thank you so much for a fun show.

**Craig:** Thank you.

[Bonus Segment]

**John:** I’ve got a couple of these. I’ve got a couple different categories here.

**Craig:** Oh my god. So set up.

**John:** Megana, are you also going to do Two Truths and a Lie yourself?

**Megana:** I have some prepared, but I don’t need to do them, because I’m a terrible liar.

**Craig:** Come on.

**John:** I think you absolutely have to do them.

**Craig:** John, you’re saying you have four truths and two lies?

**John:** No, I’m saying I have three different categories. I have nine truths and lies.

**Craig:** Oh, god.

**John:** I broke them into categories. We’ll start with in high school.

**Craig:** So set up.

**John:** You have to think back to high school John.

**Craig:** High school John.

**John:** In high school, I was first chair clarinet in the Colorado All State Orchestra. In high school, I was bitten by a black widow spider. In high school, I competed in the World Championships in Future Problem Solving in Ann Arbor, Michigan. Two truths, one lie.

**Craig:** I have my choice.

**Megana:** I think I have mine too. You don’t want to discuss, Craig?

**Craig:** I’m happy to discuss. Let’s workshop this. My instinct is that the clarinet is a lie.

**Megana:** Yeah, mine too, because I feel like otherwise you would’ve been hearing him play the clarinet. First chair?

**Craig:** Also, I was the first chair clarinet in the, I should’ve used this as one of my things, the Staten Island All Borough Junior Orchestra when I was 12.

**Megana:** Do you recognize John as being first chair?

**Craig:** Don’t recognize clarinet. That’s right. I played the clarinet, and I played it well. It’s a part of my life that honestly I’ve almost forgotten, but it was there. I don’t recognize that. I don’t believe that. I think the black widow sounds like a lie, and therefore I believe it’s true. Also, he was scouting a lot.

**Megana:** Also, according to office lore, Nima tells a story about how John picked up a black widow spider by the hands and just waved it off.

**Craig:** That does sound like something a robot would do in defiance of nature and God.

**Megana:** Or that he’s already experienced and knows it’s not that bad.

**Craig:** It’s not good. Yes, I hear what you’re saying, that maybe he’s like, “Look, I’ve survived it once. I can survive it again.” Then the Ann Arbor thing, there are so many words. It’s so specific and weird.

**Megana:** I believe it.

**Craig:** It sounds like something he would do, a future problem solving conference.

**Megana:** We’re locked into clarinet?

**Craig:** I think we’re locked into clarinet.

**John:** You’re touching that card?

**Craig:** We’re touching it.

**John:** You are correct. Fascinatingly, you’re correct for the wrong reasons. This is a thing I just learned about you, Craig. I was first chair of the middle school, the junior high, first chair clarinet middle school, junior high All County, which is All Borough, Orchestra.

**Craig:** We were the same. Wow.

**John:** You and I both, we’re going to have a clarinet duo, clearly.

**Craig:** No, we’re not.

**Megana:** Wow.

**Craig:** That’s beautiful.

**John:** Here’s the thing.

**Craig:** Actually, let’s just take a moment and just recognize the beauty of life.

**John:** Weirdly, like you, I was really good at clarinet, and I realized at a certain point, I don’t care about being really good at clarinet. It is pointless to be good at clarinet.

**Craig:** I can’t believe anyone cares about being good at clarinet. I saw the LA Philharmonic. They ran Back to the Future at the Hollywood Bowl. The Philharmonic played the score along with it. It was fantastic. There are clarinetists in there, and they’re amazing.

**John:** They’re incredibly good.

**Craig:** How did that happen? At some point, did they not go, “What am I doing? Why am I playing this?” Clarinetists have a chip on their shoulder, because everyone’s like, “Oh my god, the oboe. The oboe, it’s so hard.”

**John:** By the way, the clarinet though is the heart of most of the sound you’re hearing.

**Craig:** Clarinet, it really is the unheard glue of everything. It really is. It’s the alto in the chorus.

**John:** We’re tuning the whole band to us, so yeah.

**Craig:** That’s right. The oboe is typically the one doing that.

**John:** If there’s an oboe, then you’ll take the oboe.

**Craig:** That’s the thing about oboists is that they’re dicks.

**John:** Because they have all that pressure in their head, because they’re having to squeeze through such a narrow thing.

**Craig:** Because they’re like, “I have two reeds. You only have one reed.” Oh, shut up. Shut up, oboists, with your two reeds.

**John:** Megana, when you come into the office later, I will play you a clarinet solo.

**Megana:** I look forward to it.

**Craig:** Playing the clarinet was… I don’t know, I was good at it. I don’t know why I was good at it, but I was.

**John:** I was good at it, because I practiced.

**Craig:** You know what, John? We had excellent embouchure.

**John:** We did. Craig, tell some truths and some lies.

**Craig:** They’re all about my childhood. I’m going to go back to early childhood. All of these things took place between the ages of 8 and 11. The first thing, I was diagnosed with a rare blood disorder related to hemophilia. The second thing was that I escaped a minor house fire. I define minor house fire as the house was not completely engulfed in flames. Third, I was hit by an automobile, a moving automobile I mean. I guess it would have to be moving if you were hit by it. I was hit by a car.

**John:** Megana, let’s talk through these. The blood disorder feels like, huh, that’s a strange thing for us to have never heard about.

**Megana:** Hear about, yeah.

**John:** Yet at the same time, it’s like, oh, but that feels-

**Megana:** It’s so specific.

**John:** I want to believe it. Hit by a car feels like it could happen a lot. People get hit by cars, and they’re all right. The house fire feels… Again, the specificity of it makes it tempting.

**Megana:** I think I’m going to go with the car. I bet that he was hit by a car later in his life.

**John:** I’m going to back you on car. Craig, we are touching the car story.

**Craig:** Guess who’s a better liar than you, John?

**John:** Is it Craig Mazin?

**Craig:** I was hit by a car, John.

**John:** Which was the lie?

**Craig:** The lie was house fire. I did not escape a minor house fire. There was no minor house fire. There was no house fire at all.

**John:** I think minor house fire is a really… That minor does a lot of work there. It’s so smart. Well done.

**Craig:** Thank you. I was diagnosed with this very strange blood disorder that they said I would eventually outgrow, and they were right. Basically, if you’re a hemophiliac, you’re missing this key blood factor. I think there’s 14 clotting factors or something. I was missing one of them that wasn’t the hemophilia one. For a while, when my teeth would fall out, it would just bleed and bleed and bleed.

**John:** Wow.

**Craig:** I needed to get my tonsils out, and they were like, “No, you can’t. You’ll die.” It didn’t really stop until I was in high school, and then it was okay.

**John:** Nice. I’m glad you’re okay.

**Craig:** Me too.

**John:** Megana.

**Craig:** Here we go.

**John:** Tell us some truths and some lies.

**Megana:** Do we have to categorize them?

**John:** No, you don’t have to.

**Megana:** One, the CIA tried to recruit me out of Harvard. Two, I have my doubts about the moon landing. Three, I ran the Boston Marathon when I was 19.

**Craig:** Let’s discuss, John, because there’s something I’m drifting toward, but maybe I’m being suckered here.

**John:** Being recruited by the CIA overall makes sense but also feels like everyone in Harvard probably is, and she could be taking a story from a friend who was recruited.

**Craig:** The CIA was certainly on the Princeton campus. Yes, you’re right. It’s the kind of thing that feels incredibly believable, and yet they may have just passed her by.

**John:** She has her doubts about the moon landing. She also kind of believes in some astrology things, so maybe.

**Craig:** I think the fact that she said some doubts is her Get Out of Jail Free card on that one.

**John:** Agreed.

**Craig:** Because I think if she said, “I don’t believe in the moon landing,” we’d all point our fingers and say, “That’s a lie, and also you can’t produce the show anymore.” If she has some sort of Megana-like doubts, because Megana slightly believes in ghosts… I think that one is actually believable. It’s distressing, but it’s believable.

**John:** Remind us of your third.

**Craig:** The marathon.

**John:** The marathon. She is a distance runner. She has run distance before. Boston Marathon I feel like is a hard one to get into.

**Craig:** She said she ran it or completed it?

**Megana:** I said I ran it when I was 19.

**Craig:** That implies complete. I think she might’ve been able to do that.

**John:** I think she might’ve been able to do that too. I’m going to say CIA is my-

**Craig:** I’m touching CIA card.

**John:** CIA.

**Megana:** Oh god, you guys are right. I so want it to be true though.

**Craig:** Of course you did.

**John:** You definitely had friends who were recruited by CIA.

**Megana:** Yeah, they were not at all interested in me.

**Craig:** Yeah, because you just seem so nice. You’re like, “I don’t want this misuse of intelligence.”

**Megana:** I have a lot of notes for them.

**Craig:** That’s weird that you wouldn’t want to support the CIA, Megana. Wow. Also, doubting the moon landing? Megana.

**Megana:** I said doubt. If you’re going to make me bet my life on a fact, I’m not going to choose that fact.

**Craig:** There are so many facts to choose from. I’m just saying, what are your doubts about the moon landing?

**Megana:** I have some YouTube videos I’m going to send you.

**Craig:** No, you don’t. You have them, but you’re not sending them.

**Megana:** I think the JFK speech like, “We’re going to go to the moon at the end of this decade,” incredible piece of rhetoric.

**Craig:** Yes, and also, they did it. They did it. Megana. Oh god, Megana, no. No.

**Megana:** We just had an amazing episode about visual effects. That’s all I’m going to say.

**Craig:** You know what? 1969, those visual effects were not there. No. Megana, for God’s sake, no. No. No. No.

**Megana:** No?

**Craig:** No.

**John:** Thank you for Two Truths and a Lie.

**Craig:** Yay.

**John:** I think generally it’s used as an icebreaker to learn facts about strangers, but I learned something fundamental about Craig Mazin in this conversation. I can’t believe all these years, all these podcasts-

**Craig:** Same.

**John:** … that clarinet has never come up. I still have my clarinet.

**Craig:** Wow. You do?

**John:** I do. It’s a good old wooden clarinet.

**Craig:** Oh my god. Does it smell like that weird reed grease?

**John:** 100%.

**Craig:** Or the cork grease.

**John:** Cork grease, yeah.

**Craig:** Cork grease.

**John:** It looks like ChapStick.

**Craig:** It’s that smell. I can still smell it.

**John:** Oh, 100%. Love it. When you suck up the spit through the reed and-

**Craig:** Gross.

**Megana:** You guys have been popular for a really long time.

**Craig:** Nothing is as popular-

**John:** As a male clarinetist?

**Craig:** … as a male clarinetist. You’re right. Male clarinetists, so sexy.

**John:** Yeah, the best.

**Craig:** Oh, god.

**John:** Craig and Megana, thank you so much.

**Craig:** The shame of it all.

**Megana:** Thank you.

**Craig:** Thank you.

**John:** Bye.

**Craig:** Bye.

Links:

* Get tickets for the Scriptnotes Live Show [Livestream](https://www.eventbrite.com/e/scriptnotes-live-tickets-412411342427?mc_cid=a8cb30ff80&mc_eid=7f069b381e)
* [Order Writer Emergency Pack XL here](https://bit.ly/3qO8vRB)!
* Learn more about the original [Writer Emergency Pack here](https://writeremergency.com/)
* [WGA No Writing Left Behind](https://www.wga.org/members/employment-resources/no-writing-left-behind)
* [A Year Ago, Nicole Kidman Tried To Save The Movies. She Had No Idea What Would Come Next.](https://www.buzzfeednews.com/article/davidmack/nicole-kidman-amc-ad) by David Mack for Buzzfeed
* [Murray Bartlett](https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0058864/) and his Emmy’s [acceptance speech](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7tomcy8r5Kk).
* [Get a Scriptnotes T-shirt!](https://cottonbureau.com/people/scriptnotes-podcast)
* [Check out the Inneresting Newsletter](https://inneresting.substack.com/)
* [Gift a Scriptnotes Subscription](https://scriptnotes.supportingcast.fm/gifts) or [treat yourself to a premium subscription!](https://scriptnotes.supportingcast.fm/)
* [Craig Mazin](https://twitter.com/clmazin) on Twitter
* [John August](https://twitter.com/johnaugust) on Twitter
* [John on Instagram](https://www.instagram.com/johnaugust/?hl=en)
* [Outro](http://johnaugust.com/2013/scriptnotes-the-outros) by Adam Pineless ([send us yours!](http://johnaugust.com/2014/outros-needed))
* Scriptnotes is produced by [Megana Rao](https://twitter.com/MeganaRao) and edited by [Matthew Chilelli](https://twitter.com/machelli).

Email us at ask@johnaugust.com

You can download the episode [here](http://traffic.libsyn.com/scriptnotes/567standard.mp3).

The Free Stuff

August 11, 2022 Apps, Bronson, Highland, Meta, News, Software, Tools, Weekend Read, Writer Emergency Pack

My friend Nima recently pointed out that most of the stuff our company makes is free.

That’s probably not a great business model, but it’s always been our culture. We only charge for those things that have significant ongoing costs — like upkeep and hosting — or a per-unit cost to produce.

If you’re a writer, here are the things we offer at absolutely no cost. As in free.

### [johnaugust.com](https://johnaugust.com)
This blog has been running since 2003. Nearly all of its 1,500 posts are screenwriting advice. The Explore tab on the right is a good way to get started looking through the archives. For example, you might start with the [129 articles on formatting](https://johnaugust.com/qanda/formatting).

### [Scriptnotes](https://johnaugust.com/scriptnotes)
Craig Mazin and I have been recording this [weekly screenwriting podcast](https://johnaugust.com/scriptnotes) for over ten years. It’s always been free, with no ads whatsoever. The most recent 20 episodes are available in every podcast player. Back episodes are available to [Scriptnotes Premium](http://scriptnotes.net) members, or can be purchased in 50-episode “seasons.”

### [Inneresting](https://inneresting.substack.com)
Chris Csont edits this [weekly newsletter](https://inneresting.substack.com), which serves as a good companion to Scriptnotes. Every Friday, it has links to things about writing, centering on a given theme. It’s a Substack, but completely free.

### [Highland 2](https://quoteunquoteapps.com/highland-2/)
For years, I’ve written all my scripts and novels in this terrific app our company makes. It’s a free download on the [Mac App Store](https://apps.apple.com/us/app/highland-2/id1171820258?mt=12). The Standard edition is fully functional, with no time limits. Students can receive the enhanced Pro edition through our [student license program](https://quoteunquoteapps.com/highland-2/students.php).

### [Courier Prime](https://quoteunquoteapps.com/courierprime)
English-language screenplays are written in Courier, but not all Couriers are alike. Many are too thin, and the italics are ugly. So we commissioned a new typeface called [Courier Prime](https://quoteunquoteapps.com/courierprime). It’s Courier, but better. Since it’s free and open licensed, you can use it through Google Fonts and similar services.

### [Weekend Read](https://quoteunquoteapps.com/weekendread)
Reading a screenplay on an iPhone is a pain in the ass — unless you use [Weekend Read](https://quoteunquoteapps.com/weekendread). It melts down screenplay PDFs so they format properly on smaller screens. Weekend Read also has an extensive library of older scripts, including many award nominees. It’s free on the App Store.

### [The Library](http://johnaugust.com)
The [Library](http://johnaugust.com) has most of the scripts I’ve written, and hosts a few other writers’ work as well. For several projects, I’ve included treatments, pitches, outlines and additional material.

### [Screenwriting.io](screenwriting.io)
While johnaugust.com offers detailed articles on various topics, screenwriting.io answers [really basic questions about film and TV writing](screenwriting.io). If you’re Googling, “how many acts does a TV show have?” we want to [give you the answer](https://screenwriting.io/how-many-acts-does-a-tv-show-have/) with no cruft or bullshit.

### [100 Most Frequently Asked Questions about Screenwriting](https://gallery.mailchimp.com/2b0232538adf13e5b3e55b12f/files/100_FAQ_About_Screenwriting.v1.2.pdf)
We gathered the 100 most frequently searched-for entries on screenwriting.io in this handy [85-page PDF](https://gallery.mailchimp.com/2b0232538adf13e5b3e55b12f/files/100_FAQ_About_Screenwriting.v1.2.pdf).

### [Launch](https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/launch/id1319436103)
I recorded this seven-episode podcast series about the pitch, sale, writing and production of my first Arlo Finch book. If you’ve ever thought about writing a book, you’ll want to check it out. Free [wherever you listen to podcasts](https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/launch/id1319436103).

# The Paid Stuff

Given all the free stuff we put out, how does our company make money? We sell things.

### [Highland 2 Pro](https://quoteunquoteapps.com/highland-2/)
Highland 2 Standard Edition is free, but most users choose to upgrade to Pro for its added features: revision mode, priority email support, extra templates, custom themes, and watermark-free PDFs. It’s an in-app purchase, $39 USD. ((Prices may change. Also note that Apple sets international pricing, so some apps cost a little more or a little less in some countries.))

### [Writer Emergency Pack](http://writeremergency.com)
Writer Emergency Pack began its life as a Kickstarter, and is now one of the most popular gifts for writers of all ages. Available through [our store](https://quoteunquoteapps.com/weekendread) and [Amazon](https://amzn.to/3Afgahb).

### [Bronson Watermarker PDF](https://quoteunquoteapps.com/bronson/)
Bronson is the app I needed when watermarking scripts for a Broadway reading. Now it’s become the default watermarking app in Hollywood. It’s $20 on the [Mac App Store](https://apps.apple.com/us/app/bronson-watermarker-pdf/id881629098?mt=12).

### [T-shirts and hoodies](https://cottonbureau.com/people/john-august-1)
We used to print and ship our own t-shirts, but we now sell them through Cotton Bureau. We put out a new [Scriptnotes shirt](https://cottonbureau.com/search?query=scriptnotes) every year. It’s definitely not a profit center, but it’s fun seeing merch out in the wild.

### [Weekend Read Unlocked](https://quoteunquoteapps.com/weekendread)
Users can unlock their expanded library for $10 USD.

### [Scriptnotes Premium](http://scriptnotes.net)
The Scriptnotes podcast runs out of a separate LLC from our software business. Premium subscriptions pay for the salaries of our producer, editor and transcriptionist, along with hosting and management fees. Craig and I don’t make a cent off it.

Scriptnotes Episode 557: Flashbacks, Transcript

August 8, 2022 Scriptnotes Transcript

The original post for this episode can be found [here](https://johnaugust.com/2022/flashbacks).

**John August:** Hello and welcome. My name is John August.

**Craig Mazin:** My name is Craig Mazin.

**John:** This is Episode 557 of Scriptnotes, a podcast about screenwriting and things that are interesting to screenwriters. Today on the show, what happened before this moment, and how do we take the audience there? We’ll be discussing flashbacks, or maybe we already did.

**Craig:** Whoa.

**John:** We’ll also be answering listener continues about managers, writing partners, and remote rooms. In our Bonus Segment for Premium Members, what makes a person an adult? We’ll discuss the markers and behaviors that indicate that someone is no longer a child.

**Craig:** That sounds lovely. Maybe I’ll find out if I’m a child finally, because I don’t know.

**John:** I don’t know either.

**Craig:** I feel like a child with a really poorly functioning spine.

**John:** I do feel like I’m the youngest person in the room a lot of times, which I’m generally not anymore.

**Craig:** No.

**John:** There’s a lot there.

**Craig:** You know what we are?

**John:** What?

**Craig:** You and I are ex-wunderkinds.

**John:** That’s what we are.

**Craig:** Now we’re just old people.

**John:** I think we should be up front and clear with our listeners that we are recording this on June 20th, but this episode will probably come out in July at some point. We are living in a world where we don’t even know what Break My Soul sounds like.

**Craig:** What?

**John:** That’s how far back we are, because Beyonce’s song is dropping at midnight tonight. We don’t know what it sounds like. We don’t know what the world looks like post Beyonce’s new song after so much time.

**Craig:** I want to reiterate again that I’m old. I had no idea. I didn’t know what you were talking about at all, even remotely.

**John:** There’s a new song by Beyonce. For all we know, the world could be completely transformed, and everything we’re saying in this podcast could be irrelevant, because she is a goddess who will transform everything.

**Craig:** No. It’s a song. It’s a song.

**John:** More likely, things will go on the same. My question is will her new single make it so that Running Up That Hill by Kate Bush does not achieve number one status.

**Craig:** Is it because of Stranger Things?

**John:** Yeah.

**Craig:** Is it on its way to number one again?

**John:** It’s on its way to number one again.

**Craig:** Was it number one the first time? Probably not.

**John:** Nope. It was top 40, but not number one.

**Craig:** (sings)

**John:** Exciting times.

**Craig:** It’s cool that now, speaking of flashbacks, these songs that were perfectly contemporary for us are these ancient things that can be unearthed for Megana.

**John:** Megana knew the song before Stranger Things.

**Craig:** Really?

**John:** Is that correct, Megana?

**Megana Rao:** I did.

**Craig:** Yay.

**Megana:** I feel like Kate Bush is a good rite of passage for young goth girls.

**Craig:** Or young not-goth girls.

**John:** How goth were you, Megana?

**Megana:** Goth on the inside, normal on the outside.

**John:** Fully see that.

**Craig:** My daughter has a nose ring now.

**John:** My daughter does too.

**Craig:** She does too?

**John:** Yeah.

**Craig:** Wow. How about that?

**John:** It’s been a while since you’ve seen her.

**Craig:** Just side note, since our podcast is about things that are interesting to screenwriters and people with nose piercings. When she asked, was there a difference between you and Mike in terms of acceptance?

**John:** Publicly, no. We present a completely united front to our daughter at all times.

**Craig:** Right, but privately-

**John:** Privately, a little bit.

**Craig:** Who was pro and who was con?

**John:** Neither of us were strongly pro. What I will say is, when it became clear that it was a piercing on the side rather than a piercing in the middle, a septum piercing, then we were better with that.

**Craig:** We were septum. We’re septum over here.

**John:** Team septum.

**Craig:** Team septum. I’m team septum. The way it goes over in my place is Jessica’s like, “Hey, can I pierce my septum?” I’m like, “Sure. What do I care?” Then Melissa’s like, “Um, but,” and then asks a thousand questions. Jessie generally asks me first on those things.

**John:** We save these things for holidays or birthday presents, basically. It’s a big thing she can do on one of the once-a-year gift situations. We go to the really expensive but really good place on Melrose that actually knows what they’re doing.

**Craig:** My feeling is that once my daughter turns 18, which is nigh, December, she’s going to do whatever she wants anyway. The tattoos are coming. More piercings are coming. Should I care? I don’t care. Am I a cool dad, or am I just an apathetic dad?

**John:** Or a checked-out dad?

**Craig:** No, I’m not checked out. I actually think I’m cool in the sense that I’m into it. I think it’s fun. Anyway, happy Father’s Day to me.

**John:** Happy Father’s Day, belatedly.

**Craig:** Thank you.

**John:** A month later for all the people listening to this episode. Let’s get into some screenwriter things. I’m going to start with a fun little thread that popped up in my timeline today from Twitter. This is by Jeremiah Lewis. The theme of this thread was ruin a screenwriter’s day in three words.

**Craig:** No.

**John:** He started the thread off with “really well told.”

**Craig:** Oh, “really well told,” that is a classic brushoff.

**John:** I’ve heard that a couple times. I’ve heard that after pitches. I genuinely think in most cases they were trying to sound positive but noncommittal because they hadn’t talked amongst themselves on Zoom, but I don’t know. Now I’m second guessing myself.

**Craig:** I don’t think it ever is a good sign. I don’t think I’ve ever once heard that and thought to myself, “Nailed it.” Really well told. That was really good. Terrific. Good for you. “Really well told” means I’m not buying that, but you did a good job trying to make that sound not bad. That’s basically what that means to me.

**John:** Oy.

**Craig:** Oy.

**John:** Let’s go through some of the other contenders here. Maybe we’ll just alternate turns here. I’m going to go with “really good start.”

**Craig:** That’s also rough. “Lots of potential.”

**John:** Basically, what you did shows us that there could potentially be a movie there, but you were not the one to deliver it. There’s still potential.

**Craig:** That’s not exciting. Jeez, this is depressing. Why did Jeremiah Lewis do this?

**John:** I’ll serve back with a “found it charming.”

**Craig:** I’ve never heard that one, maybe because I’ve never been charming.

**John:** Something feels diminutive about charming. It’s not good, but it’s charming.

**Craig:** This next one is really weird. “Congratulations, you finished.” What? That’s terrible.

**John:** I could tell it was a slog, but you got through it. That’s not so good.

**Craig:** I have one that isn’t on here.

**John:** What’s this?

**Craig:** “It’s a script.”

**John:** “It’s a script. Wow, it’s fully a script.”

**Craig:** You wrote all of a thing. It’s started and finished. It is script-sized. Congratulations on your script.

**John:** No one can say this is not a script.

**Craig:** That’s right. It’s a script.

**John:** “There’s something here.”

**Craig:** “There’s something here.” Wow. There’s so many layers to that one. There’s something here, but you’ve drowned it in nonsense, and you’re not the thing, clearly.

**John:** Here’s the thing. “There’s something here” is a useful note if it’s talking about a scene or a moment. It’s like, okay, this is not fully explored, but if it’s applied to in overall script, that’s not an encouraging sign.

**Craig:** No, not at all.

**John:** “Lots of fun.”

**Craig:** That’s right up there with “this is cute.” You don’t want that.

**John:** Cute and charming, no. “Some good stuff.”

**Craig:** There’s some good stuff. It’s not a complete zero. I feel like if they say, “There’s some good stuff,” what they’re really saying is there’s no good stuff.

**John:** Not enough stuff to string together to make a movie that they will actually want to make.

**Craig:** No. This one I think is not going to ruin your day. It’ll make you bummed out, but it’s honest. “Not for us.” I’d rather get “not for us” than “some good stuff.”

**John:** I agree with you. “Not for us” makes it clear we’re not even talking about the merits of the thing you’re discussing. It’s just really like, this is not a movie that we can make. I get that. “Promising first draft.”

**Craig:** That’s not terrible.

**John:** That’s not the worst. Not going to ruin your day, as opposed to “enjoyed the premise” would.

**Craig:** You didn’t need a script to enjoy the premise, did you?

**John:** No. You could’ve written this on a napkin, and I would’ve enjoyed it as much.

**Craig:** Exactly. This could’ve been a text.

**John:** “We like a lot of this,” Craig.

**Craig:** “We like a lot of this.” If you hear “we,” start running, because everybody’s going to try and hide as part of a group. Look, hundreds of us really had a problem, as opposed to like, okay, this is awesome. Good news I think is always very focused. Bad news is vague and comes from some hive mind. I don’t blame them. I don’t think that they’re being cowards. I think they’re being human. Nobody wants to be that guy. I don’t want to be that guy. I don’t want to be the person who delivers bad news and says, “You submitted this with dreams that I would love it, and in fact, not only do I not love it, I hate it.” That’s upsetting to everybody. I don’t blame them.

**John:** I don’t blame them at all. Let’s try to pull some joy out of this. What is good things you would hear in one of these meetings? When I’m on one of these calls, it’s like, “Okay, let’s have business affairs get into this.” That’s the sign. Business affairs means it’s real.

**Craig:** Business affairs means you’re getting paid. That’s always a good sign. If they say something along the lines of, “You’re the right person for this,” that means it’s not even about what you’re saying. They are now auditioning for you. They want you to do it. It’s really up to you. They’re trying to convince you to do it at this point.

**John:** If they’re asking about your availability, that’s a good sign.

**Craig:** Availability is always a good sign. If they want you to get on the phone with an actor or a director, always a good sign.

**John:** Always a good sign. Previously on the show we talked about main character energy. We have a corollary to this. This is side character energy. This is Lola Okola on TikTok talking us through what side character energy is.

**Lola Okola:** Personally, I’m actually off main character energy. The vibe is beloved side character with great outfits and funny one-liners. No, I will not undergo any character development, nor will I grow as a person. I’m here to be funny and sexy.

**John:** I really support side character energy. I think also it gets back to this thing we talked about on the show before, why side characters often steal movies.

**Craig:** She does land on something important, which is that side characters are not here to change, which means theoretically that side characters aren’t beset by fatal flaws that they have to overcome. Side characters are loyal and they’re funny and they’re supportive. They’re there for you. In the end, when you finally change and succeed and win, they applaud you or hug you. They are very warm, loving, supportive people. I have to tip my hat to one of the great beloved side characters of all time, Jon Cryer, who did such a good job of it back in the day, although now that I think of it, that was a very tragic sort of thing.

**John:** What are you talking about, Sixteen Candles?

**Craig:** Pretty in Pink.

**John:** Pretty in Pink.

**Craig:** I was talking about Pretty in Pink.

**John:** [inaudible 00:11:15].

**Craig:** I take it back. He was actually tragic. You know who was a beloved side character back in the day? Robert Downey Jr. Robert Downey Jr back in the day was a fun, wacky… In Back to School, he was a wacky, beloved side character.

**John:** I always think of Donkey in Shrek as being a side character who’s just there to do Donkey things and not be… I guess Donkey’s worried about Shrek to some degree, but Donkey can do Donkey things. There’s an animated movie I’ve been working on that I really love my side character. She’s just tremendously fun throughout the whole range of it. She does actually protagonate at the end. Some of the fun of it is that I think she does not want to change at all. She has no desire. She does not identify any fatal flaw in herself, and yet she finds herself changing despite herself, which is a joy.

**Craig:** That’s the Dory evolution. Dory was a wonderful, beloved side character, and then Dory got to do her own thing, which is fun. Listen, Lola Okola, I’m with you. I feel like I’m a beloved side character. I don’t like being involved in drama. I don’t want my life to be swirling about in drama. I like to be next to people who are having drama and listen to them and then tell them it’s going to be okay. That’s what I prefer. I don’t always get it.

**John:** Hey Megana, can you help us out with our main topic here? I think we have a question that can set us up well.

**Megana:** Yes. We got an email in from Sky Jones, who asked, “I suppose the topic isn’t strictly a screenwriting topic, but instead relates to all types of fiction. Lately, I’ve been watching some shows on HBO, specifically The Staircase and Station Eleven. Both of them heavily use flashbacks. In fact, they jump around in time quite a lot. I think the use of flashbacks made the storytelling more compelling than if the story had been told completely linearly. I’m wondering if there are any tips and/or strategies for heavily using flashbacks in a script, especially a TV series, which is obviously longer than a feature script. For instance, are there obvious reasons for deciding to heavily use flashbacks? At what point in the writing process is that usually decided? Are there any specific strategies for keeping track of the story in the outlining and writing process when flashbacks are heavily used?”

**John:** Great. Sky, you really set us up well there. In volleyball, that would be the set getting ready for the spike, just like it’s putting it properly in position for us to answer.

**Craig:** Plus Sky Jones.

**John:** Is Sky Jones main character energy or beloved side character energy?

**Craig:** Sky Jones feels like main character energy.

**John:** It does.

**Craig:** Sky Jones.

**John:** Stormy is the sidekick who is also just a lot of fun.

**Craig:** We have a problem. Who can we bring in? Sky Jones.

**John:** Sky Jones is the only one who can do this.

**Craig:** Sky Jones is here to ask this question. Sky Jones has asked an excellent question, and very specific. Maybe the premise, Sky, is that there’s a more specific way of approaching this, and I think there is, because I think a lot of it is to taste. You have to feel your way through these things. If I know John, and I know him well, before we discuss what to do, he’s going to want to define flashbacks.

**John:** I think we’re going to want to define our terms, make sure we’re talking about the right same thing. A flashback in a general sense is any moment that is set in time earlier than the main story. Of course, that implies that there really is a main story and a main timeline and that you’re not hopping around freely between all these things. Station Eleven is an example of a show. I would say those aren’t really flashbacks, because it’s set in multiple simultaneous timelines. You can’t say that’s a flashback so much. They tend to be briefer.

Another thing I would distinguish is that yes, novels could have flashbacks, a comic book could have a flashback, but really it feels like mostly a cinematic and a TV invention, because in a novel, I can be halfway through a paragraph and talk about something that happened before and bring us back to that moment and bring us back to the present time. You’re not really at one place in a book the same way that you are in a movie. We really know as an audience if we’re in a flashback or not, whereas opposed to a novel, it’s just a constantly churning stew of information that’s surrounding us.

**Craig:** Flashbacks exist in connection with the present. They don’t exist on their own. You’re right to say that there are shows where the narrative exists in multiple timelines. Those aren’t flashbacks, because ideally they’re commenting on each other in some important way, but not specifically. To me, a lot of good flashbacks are there very specifically latched to either the thing that came right before them or the thing that’s coming right after them.

**John:** There’s a reason why we’re moving from this present time to that flashback thing. Either it’s to provide some piece of information, some piece of context, something that makes it clear why this is happening. That to me feels like a flashback as opposed to now this next 10 minutes is going to be set in this other time period for just storytelling reasons. Now, we’ve talked about flashbacks before. I did a Google search. We actually talked about them in Episode 10, way back in Episode 10.

**Craig:** I’m sure we did a great job of it.

**John:** We did a great job there. I’ve also talked about it on the blog. One thing I want to make sure we don’t get out of this thing without talking about is how you indicate flashbacks in this script, because it can just be like you cut to this thing, you say it’s a different time, but I find, and tell me if you’re doing the same thing, after the day or night, I will tend to write, in brackets, “flashback,” just to make it clear, super clear on the page that this is a flashback, this is not cutting to something else in the present day timeline. What do you do?

**Craig:** I don’t think I write the word “flashback,” because for me at least, it feels a bit artificial, meaning it’s defining it in a way that I may not want the feeling to have. Typically, I will say something and then what the time is, five years ago, eight months ago, yesterday, because the word “flashback” I think is maybe too loosey-goosey, and there is a vague whiff of cheese about the word. That’s not our fault. It’s just that there’s been a lot of cheesy flashbacks. When you and I were kids growing up, the sitcoms would flash back all the time. It would be like (mystical sound effects). It was really cheese ball. To avoid that and to help tie in some specificity to the timeline, I’ll usually just use the time.

**John:** That’s fair. I think I probably will do that in the script if I’m moving to something we’ve not seen before in the movie. I think I’m saying the brackets “flashback” is to a moment that happened before in the movie that we’ve actually been watching, to make it clear that it’s connected to this thing.

**Craig:** Like a repeat.

**John:** Yeah.

**Craig:** Ah. Then I would probably say “flash to.”

**John:** “Flash to” as a transition rather than as a-

**Craig:** I think so.

**John:** It’s whatever feels right on the page.

**Craig:** As you and I have made clear, hopefully. None of that stuff matters. I’m sure that other people will now dedicate hundreds of Reddit threads to the orthodoxy of flashing back.

**John:** Let’s get into some of the orthodoxy, because they have a stink to them. It’s not a blanket prohibition on them, but people have issues with flashbacks. We have a question here from Francoise. Megana, maybe that can set us up for this part.

**Megana:** Francoise says, “I recently received coverage on a feature script that noted a first flashback appearing on Page 26 was too late to be throwing this sort of device in the audience. The note went on to read that a flashback needs to happen much sooner so the audience isn’t thrown off or confused. I haven’t heard this before and would appreciate your thoughts to set me straight.”

**John:** We haven’t read Francoise’s script, but I kind of get what the reader might be saying, is that as an audience, we are approaching a movie, and we have a certain set of expectations about how the movie is going to work. If we’re 26 minutes into the movie and suddenly it’s doing a very different conceptual thing than we’ve seen before, that could be jarring in a bad way. I think you can absolutely have a movie that works really, really well, where the first flashback is on Page 26, but if it’s a thing you’re going to be doing a lot, it feels a little bit late to be introducing that as a device, to me.

**Craig:** It depends. I think where the reader goes awry, as they so often do, is by trying to create a general rule out of an individual reaction. The general rule is a flashback needs to happen much sooner so the audience isn’t thrown off or confused. Half the time you’re writing flashbacks to throw the audience off or to confuse them, disorient them. Audiences enjoy some disorientation as long as it pays off. What may be is that whatever the flashback contained was information that felt out of place there. That doesn’t mean the flashback is the problem. That means the stuff inside the flashback is the problem, if you get my drift. The mechanism, they say this sort of device, the device of a flashback, can work anywhere if the stuff you’re flashing back to feels correct in that spot.

**John:** I think that the problem with flashbacks is that often you’re flashing to things that don’t feel correct or they don’t feel like they are necessary or you’re illustrating something that you don’t need to illustrate. Here’s an example of something that Megana found that we’ll link to. It reads, “Flashbacks interrupt the narrative flow. Consequently, they should be used only when it is not possible to tell the story chronologically. Don’t use the flashback to merely illustrate what a character is relating verbally. It is often more effective to remain focused on that character who’s recalling them to the event, so as to gauge what the memory means to them.”

Here what I think they’re saying is a bad use of flashbacks is I am telling you a story and then we’re going to flash back to the events that I’m telling you there. That’s probably not a great use. What tends to be a more effective use is if we’re on a character, and then we flash back to the experience was meaningful for them and come back to them at the present time. Just having it be an illustration to go along with a person’s narration, that doesn’t feel great.

**Craig:** As is so often the case with what we discuss, there are all of these potential rules and pitfalls and ways to do these things, but if you write something well, then the mechanism will be just fine. No one will complain about a… Just as no one will complain about a Stuart Special. What was the Megana one?

**John:** What did we call that, the Raoveal?

**Craig:** The Raoveal? No one will complain about a Raoveal. Everything will be fine because they enjoy it. If they don’t enjoy it, then so much of what… I wonder if so much of the Sturm und Drang of screenwriting orthodoxy comes down to the fact that a lot of people will blame a misuse of technical things to avoid saying to somebody, “Your writing is bad,” especially when their job is to evaluate the writing and give a critique, because that’s a useless critique, but oftentimes it’s the only true, essential critique, “Your writing is bad. Sorry.” They can’t do that, so they say, “Oh, this flashback shouldn’t be here.” If the writing were good, then yeah, I think there wouldn’t be a problem.

**John:** I think there are also cases where something is not working in the script, and it could be that they are getting lost or confused about what it is they’re supposed to be following. I think sometimes poorly done flashbacks or nonlinear storytelling can be a contributing factor here. I’ve lost the thread. I don’t understand what it is I’m supposed to be following. I’m getting confused in a bad way. I don’t feel confident that you are going to be able to lure me there. Yes, maybe it’s bad writing, but it’s also there’s a thing you’re doing on the page that is confusing to them, something that is not working great for them about how you’re choosing to convey this information or get it out there.

A thing I will also say is that sometimes we have… I’m just thinking back to the whiteboard scenarios of complicated shows with complicated structures. There’s a real question about how many different timelines an audience can be expected to maintain. If you are in a two-timeline story and then you have a flashback within one of those timelines, how much can the audience put up with there. I think that’s a thing you’re only going to discover on the page, but maybe in the editing room as well.

**Craig:** Things have become far more complicated. The audience has become far more sophisticated when it comes to these things. That doesn’t mean that your job is to provide a timeline Olympics for them. Sometimes the story just wants to be simple and clean, and you should respect that. When you’re talking about whether or not to use a flashback, ask yourself, am I doing this simply because I’m bored with the way things are going in the current timeline or the current structure or the current narrative unfolding, or am I doing it because it would make this all much, much better? It has to be the latter. It can’t be the former. Don’t do it just because it’s something to do.

To answer the specific question from Sky Jones about at what point in the writing process is it decided to use a flashback, for me it’s in the outline process. I don’t capriciously go, “Oh, I’m going to fling myself backwards in time here.” It is as structured in and outlined in and prepared for as any other scene. In terms of keeping track of the story, you should be able to keep track of the story. If you’re having trouble keeping track of your timelines, the audience will have no chance. If you feel like you need multiple color-coded tabs to control multiple timelines, either you’re writing Inception and you’re aware that you’re basically creating a puzzle box for everybody or you’re getting too complicated.

**John:** I think it has to come from an overall Inception point of view. Am I writing the kind of movie or kind of show that will have flashbacks? If you are, great, but you’re going to be planning for those. If you’re not that kind of show, then how are you going to deliver the information you need to deliver to the audience about things that happened before. I don’t know if they explicitly said it, but it feels like the Game of Thrones guys said, “We are going to have no flashbacks on our show at all.” When they did need to go back in time to show a crucial point of family history, they had to do some Wargy time travel stuff to go back there, to make an excuse for why we were showing the audience this thing, because the show has no flashbacks otherwise.

**Craig:** That’s not quite true. For instance, they showed how the Night King was created.

**John:** That’s true.

**Craig:** This is a personal opinion of mine. For episodic television, getting in and out of flashbacks is easier than for movies because every time you start an episode, you have an opportunity to start in one timeline and then go ahead. I do that all the time. It helps to ground people, essentially. You could have a series where every single cold open is something that takes place in an earlier timeline to create an ironic context, hopefully, for what you’re about to see.

**John:** Absolutely true. Megana, you have a question.

**Megana:** Yeah, I have a question or maybe a theory. I think for newer writers, maybe what doesn’t work about flashbacks is the impulse to deliver exposition through flashbacks. I think what you guys are saying is that if you use a flashback to emotionally inform the story or complicate things, then it works, but if you are using it as a shortcut to explain something, there could be a better, more effective way of doing that.

**Craig:** Exposition, we’ve talked about quite a few times, is either a burden or an opportunity. We’ve talked about interesting ways to deliver exposition, for instance through a relationship or personal drama, or if there’s a flashback and there is exposition, but it is presented in that flashback in the context of something that is interesting or moving or startling, then I think it’s fine. It keeps coming back to a very simple thing. Do you do it well or not? This is why for all the episodes that we’ve done, we could probably just do one mega, meta Scriptnotes episode, and it is be a good writer. It really does solve just about everything.

**John:** I do wonder if there’s a certain kind of… We could give somebody the outline and say, okay, here’s all the things that need to happen. You go to seven different writers. If there are seven different really good writers, they could make something that seems impossible on the page actually work, because they know the tricks and know how to get through it and know how to arrange the stuff, whereas opposed to a new writer would really struggle to get that stuff to work, just because they don’t have the tools in their toolbox to make it possible.

**Craig:** That’s right. We can certainly say things like, hey, avoid doing this. Whatever it is that they move toward, if they’re not good at that, it doesn’t really matter that they avoided this. Similarly, there are times where it may be better for them to just follow their instincts. If there’s one takeaway, at least for me, it’s that you just make sure that the flashback is earned and is not simply something you’re doing as a trick. It’s got to be something you are compelled to do, because it’s going to make things richer.

**John:** Let’s get on to some other listener questions. Megana, start us off.

**Megana:** Great. To Ampersand or Not To Ampersand asks, “How should I tell my writing partner I want to write my own scripts? That’s a lie. How do I tell my writing partner I’ve secretly written multiple drafts of an original-”

**Craig:** Oh, damn.

**Megana:** “… feature behind their back and am about to start a new one? Neither of us are working writers yet, but we have written two decent, at least we think so, pilots together. We’re great friends outside of writing, but for the future I see myself enjoying being a solo writer more. What’s the best way to break up with my writing partner? What on earth do I do on the off-chance one of our pilots actually sells?”

**John:** Craig, how do I break up with my girlfriend? Tell me how to break up with my girlfriend. That’s the same kinds of stuff. It’s like, “I really want to see other people. I really want to not be in this-”

**Craig:** “I have been seeing other people.”

**John:** Serial monogamist here. Listen, Ampersand.

**Craig:** Ampersand knows what we’re going to say, right?

**John:** You don’t want to be in this relationship, and therefore you need to have a grownup sit-down adult talk with this person who’s also a friend and say, “Listen, I’ve enjoyed working on these things together, but I really want to write some stuff on my own. I’m sorry this may hurt. You may want to write stuff on your own too. I really think this is going to be what’s best for me. Let’s have a chat.”

**Craig:** Without question, that’s what has to happen. It doesn’t have to be tragic. The way I would put it… I had this conversation many years ago with a writing partner, who’s a wonderful guy. I told him the truth. The truth was, “I think I’m supposed to be writing on my own.” It had nothing to do with our writing process or whatever was going on with our career, because we were getting movies made. It was just, “I think I’m supposed to be writing on my own, and so I should probably be writing on my own. I think we’ll all be happier.” He is more of a writer partner guy. He has a new writing partner. They’ve been working together for many years. It’s fine.

That’s really what it comes down to is some of us are solo writers and some of us aren’t. We don’t know when we start out. I think it’s perfectly fair to sit your partner down and say, “Okay, you know what? This is how it is.” As far as the shared custody of the pilots, just say, “Look, if somebody is into those pilots, let’s cross that bridge when we get there. We’ll figure it out.”

**John:** I have friends who wrote stuff together. They were married, wrote stuff together, got divorced. Now some of the stuff’s getting produced, and they’re figuring it out. They have joint custody of stuff, and it’s fine. The other piece of advice I would give to Ampersand is I don’t think this first conversation is the time to say, “Oh, and I also already wrote this other script.” That’s irrelevant to hear. Basically, going forward, you want to work by yourself.

**Craig:** The whole “I’ve secretly written multiple drafts of an original feature behind their back,” was there some sort of arrangement or agreement or understanding that you could not write things on your own? Unless there was. Either way, I think that just doesn’t need to be an issue. I just think you can simply say, “Here’s the way it is,” and that’s it. Don’t get too caught up in how they’re going to feel. They will feel their feelings, and they will process it, and then they will move on as well.

**John:** Also, I’ll say if this person is a friend, you want to maintain them as a friend, make sure you make some plans in the upcoming couple of weeks to do things that are fun together, because you don’t want this person to just disappear out of your life.

**Craig:** Yeah, like writing a script.

**John:** Go see a movie together. Just do some stuff so you don’t lose this person.

**Craig:** I’m so glad Megana’s here, because usually I’ll say something like that and then there’s just silence and then John moves on.

**John:** [inaudible 00:31:41] silence.

**Craig:** Thank you, Megana. God.

**Megana:** Are you guys ready for a manager question?

**Craig:** So ready for a… I woke up this morning ready for a manager question.

**John:** Let’s do it.

**Megana:** Tim from DC asks, “I think my manager is pretty ineffectual, and I need to leave them.”

**Craig:** Yes.

**Megana:** “I’m questioning the time of when to leave.”

**Craig:** Right now.

**Megana:** “I’m working on two projects to which my rep already has a claim, one that my rep says they’re going to take out as soon as I send them the next draft, for which they’ve already set up several generals and supposedly have dozens of people waiting for, and another project that I’ve been working on for months that may soon be sent out to the town. I guess I’m wondering, since my current rep is going to get 10% regardless, if I solicit a new rep with other projects already in progress, will a new rep want to fight as hard for me, given the fact that my two most active projects are both tied to my old rep? Might my new rep resent having to push ahead with my current projects without being entitled to that 10%? How does one handle this kind of situation?”

**Craig:** Aha, Tim.

**John:** Aha.

**Craig:** These are good questions.

**John:** These are good questions. I think Tim may also be making some mis-assumptions about what that manager owns or controls.

**Craig:** Unquestionably, there is a premise issue here. Managers are not agents. Agents represent clients and procure employment for them, and in doing say, they are essentially attached to the deal and make 10%. Managers do not do that. They are not allowed to do it by law. They break the law all the time, but they’re not allowed to. Managers are service providers. They make 10% as long as they’re providing a service to you. If you fire them, they don’t get 10%. There is a concept called on the wheel, off the wheel. They are off the wheel when you fire them. The new manager can work it out with the old manager. That’s their problem. You let them figure that out. I assume you have an attorney. An attorney can also advise on this. You need to leave them? Leave them. You’re questioning the timing of when to leave? There’s no time like the present.

When you say, “I’m working on two projects to which my rep already has a claim,” this is where my hair goes on fire. These people have claims to nothing. Nothing. They convince you they do, but they do not. Considering that your manager is pretty ineffectual, I wouldn’t be worried about repercussions, since obviously they’re not good at stuff, including, I would imagine, repercussions.

**Megana:** What if the manager has been sending them notes and giving them creative feedback?

**Craig:** Great. Thanks. Look, here’s the thing. They paid them. Let’s say I write something, and my manager represents me, and then it gets sold somewhere, and my manager gets 10%. That 10% is the service fee that they have to continue to service me. It doesn’t matter if they give me notes or not. Everybody can give me notes. Why do we think that we owe these people anything for the notes that they give us, when we can get notes from friends or we can pay $100 for notes? Notes are nothing. Most manager notes are terrible. If the manager’s notes were great, this person wouldn’t be considering leaving. Tim would be thrilled, because the manager would be making the scripts better. That’s my point. Good managers who actually are able to give good comments and help connect you in rooms of good people and be effective, they don’t have this issue because their clients don’t leave.

**John:** I agree with most of what Craig has said here. I think that realistically, that first project which they are aware of, which they have been exposed to, which they have given notes on, they’re going to try to hold that over you like they control it or that you owe them something for the work they’ve done on it and they’ve meaningfully set up for it. I agree with Craig, it’s not your problem. It’s your new manager’s problem. That’ll be taken up by them. This thing that you’re writing right now that they don’t seem to be aware of, don’t worry about that. That doesn’t matter. Use that new thing to get you your next rep, because they would love to see something new and show what it is you’re working on right now. You do need to leave. This is a great time to leave. It’s a great time to be looking for a different manager, a better manager, one who gets it and gets what you want to do.

**Craig:** Tim, to specifically answer this question about how will the new rep feel… I’m guessing that you’re early on in your career. It sounds like it, at least. I don’t think a manager is concerned too much with the 10% right now. They’re playing a longer game where hopefully they forge a great relationship with you, your career advances, you start to become a big shot, and then that 10% means a lot. Right now I don’t think their motivation is going to be particularly tied to any single instance of a commission of what you’re going.

**John:** Agreed. Megana, another question we can answer?

**Megana:** Moe asks, “I’m a mid-level TV writer, and I’m curious about the WGA stance on remote writers’ rooms. The union and many studios/production companies have publicly stated a need for diversity and inclusion in writers’ rooms. I love the big speeches, but in regards to action, the best way to bring more diverse voices into a writers’ room is not to force them to move to one of the most economically inaccessible cities in the country. I’m a writer of color and do not live in Los Angeles for this reason. I know several others who are in the same boat. They either cannot afford to move to LA or are responsible for a larger, sometimes multi-generational family unit, not to mention people who are pregnant and parents with young kids benefit greatly from the flexibility of remote rooms. My personal experience has been that older writers higher up the food chain are now pushing to be in person. Almost all of the writers I know are very happy staying remote. We’re at a point in the pandemic where remote rooms have become incredibly normalized. The kinks have been worked out. If the WGA is truly interested in supporting its nonwhite, economically diverse writers, shouldn’t they push to standardize remote and hybrid writers’ rooms?”

**John:** Great. We can talk about whether this is a WGA issue or not. Let’s just talk about remote rooms and hybrid rooms versus the standard where everyone just is around one big table and there’s a lunch order every day. Over the past couple of months, I’ve had a bunch of showrunners on Scriptnotes, and we’ve talked about how they were working, how they’re working in person, how they’re working remotely, hybrid stuff. A lot of them do miss being in the rooms with their writers. They feel like there’s things that happen when people are together that just don’t happen in the Zoom rooms. That said, a lot of really good shows have been made with Zoom rooms over the course of the pandemic. It is possible.

I definitely hear what Moe is saying though about having to be there in person is really challenging for some people just because of the cost of Los Angeles, and being fully remote is a good choice for some writers. I think you’re going to see both of these things moving forward. I think you’re going to see fully remote rooms moving forward. I think you’re going to see more hybrid rooms. I think there will be some fully in-person rooms. I think they could be less and less common, just because it’s better for people’s quality of life to not always be trucking into the office. Craig, you’ve not worked in a writers’ room, but what’s your instinct and what are you hearing from other people?

**Craig:** I spent some time briefly in the Mythic Quest room.

**John:** Oh, that’s right.

**Craig:** I don’t use a writers’ room myself. Personally, I am okay with certain kinds of remote collaboration. As Moe says, some of the older people, that would be me, “Some of the older writers higher up on the food chain are now pushing to be in person.” There’s a reason for that, Moe. It’s not capricious. It’s not because they can’t work the newfangled Zoom. Of course they can. There is a kind of magic that happens when people are together. It’s different. The question of how to balance that against access is a good one.

As far as the Writers Guild is concerned, the thing that the Writers Guild can do to help this is to get writers paid more, so that they can afford to live in Los Angeles. The Writers Guild is almost certainly not capable of dictating how writers’ rooms should be structured, be it in person or hybrid. It’s just not something that their own members would want. I don’t think their members would all agree with you. Sometimes when people write these things, I think they think that they are standing on firmer ground than they are. I get the premise of what you’re saying, Moe. I don’t disagree, but others will. Even if the Guild did agree, the studios would have zero interest in mandating that there could never be an in-person room. It’s just not something they would do. It is a weird limitation of our creative freedom to collaborate as we wish.

As far as I’m concerned, the answer here is get writers paid more, particularly writers on the lower end of the spectrum, the income spectrum, or as you put it, on the food chain, lower down on the food chain. Then they can afford to live somewhere in LA. By the way, it’s never easy. These are jobs that a lot of people want. Maybe you’ll have to drive in 30 or 40 minutes each day, which means that you live about a mile away from the office. In all seriousness, there will be some hardships and there will be some difficulties. The way we get around some of the structural inequities, I think, the fastest is through money.

**John:** I agree with you. I think the WGA was in a position to force remote writers’ rooms when it was an actual matter of safety. That made sense. There were a lot of studios that basically refused to allow any in-person writers’ rooms because of safety and because they didn’t want the liability of having a bunch of writers sitting around who didn’t absolutely have to be sitting around, but they could do their job remotely, made it possible.

It’s easy to think about writers together in a room, because we see it and they’re all ganged together and there’s a lunch order. We know what that is. There’s a lot of other jobs in the industry that have been remote, that are now going back to in-person, but it’s a real question job by job, person by person, how you’re going to do it. I think about editors. I think about color correction. I think about a lot of the other… Craig, you’re recording this right now at your post facility. During the pandemic, that post facility was not open. They were figuring out other ways to do it other places. I’m guessing now most of the post is happening kind of in person and kind of in a place. Is that true?

**Craig:** Certainly for us it is. We follow the ever-evolving rules that come down from the corporation. The rules from the corporation are rules that take into account the union rules. We are cross-sectioning with the Writers Guild, the Directors Guild, and IATSE. All of those unions have their own positions on what they mandate. Basically, we follow the most strict set of rules. Boy, am I tested a lot. Oh, am I tested.

**John:** It’s a thing I think people outside the industry don’t have a sense of just how often folks in the industry are tested, as opposed to any other industry, probably even more than professional sports. You’re just constantly tested here, because it’s worthwhile to keep sets healthy.

**Craig:** First of all, it’s a union mandate thing. You have to. A lot of it was driven primarily by the Screen Actors Guild or SAG-AFTRA because they had the only employees that could not wear masks all the time. Because actors must take their masks off, everybody around them then had to follow a bunch of procedures for SAG-AFTRA to essentially say, “Yes, our members can work for you.” We’ve been very careful about all that stuff. As far as writers’ rooms go, Moe, there’s no chance that the Writers Guild is going to be taking this up as a cri de couer. I think the best we can do is try and get people paid more so that they can afford to live in the city where these things happen.

**John:** Agreed. I think over the next several weeks, Craig and I will informally ask a bunch of our showrunner friends about what they’re doing on their shows and where things are headed and get a sense of what’s really happening out there.

**Craig:** Great.

**John:** I bet if we did survey all working members, the split would not be what you would think it would be. I think it’s going to be widely divergent about who wants to be in person and who wants to be fully remote.

**Craig:** Then the question is who are you asking, because ultimately the showrunners are the ones deciding. One of the weird things about our union is that it includes a lot of management in it, which I think we’ll maintain as massively problematic.

**John:** Let’s do our One Cool Things. My One Cool Thing… Craig, click through that link. I think this is right up your alley. It’s a subreddit called cutaway porn. It’s all the images you remember from books growing up, but where you have an image and then it cuts away a piece of it, and so you can look inside.

**Craig:** This is David Macaulay stuff.

**John:** Yes. Let’s look inside a Bronze Age roundhouse. It cuts away the roof or shows how parts of a castle function and how things go together. I just found it delightful, nostalgic, really informative, just how stuff actually works. I don’t know who was the first person to… I guess da Vinci probably had cutaway stuff like this. It’s really showing the inner workings of buildings and systems and machines. I think it’s delightful.

**Craig:** There was a big book I had called Castle. I believe it was Castle.

**John:** Oh yeah, I remember Castle. Castle’s great.

**Craig:** It was just medieval castles, cutaways. Spectacular. Learned so much. Still think about those things occasionally from time to time as we’re playing D and D.

**John:** Love it.

**Craig:** That brings me to my one cool thing.

**John:** Segue man.

**Craig:** Segue man. This is fairly narrow, but if you are playing D and D or any role-playing game on Roll20 the way that we are… We had a nice in-person session.

**John:** We did. We did. Our first in-person session since the pandemic.

**Craig:** Lovely. You know what? I have to say, side note, a little worried that going from a bunch of guys sitting around a table with pen and paper and dice and maps and dry erase markers, it would just feel too clinical and sterile if we showed up with our laptops instead. Nope, it was great.

**John:** It was fine.

**Craig:** Perfectly fine. Turns out we are what we needed. We.

**John:** That’s what it is.

**Megana:** Aw.

**Craig:** I know, right? Every now and then, I will plug a plugin, which on Roll20 they’re called APIs. There’s one called SmartAoE that has been written by a fellow named David M. I don’t know his full name, because that’s how he goes on the forum. AoE stands for area of effect. Megana, why would you need an area of effect spell?

**Megana:** To affect a certain area?

**Craig:** Exactly.

**John:** Well discerned there.

**Craig:** In fantasy warfare, there are lots of things that target an individual person, and then there are spells and things that target an area, that could hit lots of people at once. It’s annoying figuring out like, okay, I cast fireball, and it’s going to cover this much space. Then you got to draw the shape out, drag it over, make it resized, move it around. SmartAoE makes it so much simpler to do. It’s more fun. I got to say, these people are brilliant. These men and women who write these things… Is it Java, I guess?

**John:** It’s good stuff. It’s all the stuff of geometry and math, but applied to… It’s trying to apply cones and circles to a grid. You can look [inaudible 00:47:39] supposed to do it, but it’s inevitably an argument between Craig and Kevin about who’s covered and who’s not covered. This just does it so much better.

**Craig:** It just does it better and saves me from arguing with Kevin, which is really why I install everything.

**John:** A very good plugin. Thank you for doing that. It was also really nice to see everyone in person again playing D and D. That was in person, and also I took a Peloton class that had other riders in the studio with the instructor for the first time. It felt like, oh, the pandemic’s over.

**Craig:** We’re back.

**John:** We’re back.

**Craig:** We’re back.

**John:** That is our show for this week.

**Craig:** Yay.

**John:** Scriptnotes is produced by Megana Rao. It’s edited by Matthew Chilelli. Our outro this week is by Sam Brady. If you have an outro, you can send us a link to ask@johnaugust.com. That’s also the place where you can send longer questions. For short questions on Twitter, Craig is @clmazin, I’m @johnaugust. We have T-shirts and hoodies. They’re great. You can find them at Cotton Bureau. You can find the show notes for this episode and all episodes at johnaugust.com. That’s also where you’ll find transcripts and sign up for our weeklyish newsletter called Inneresting, which has lots of links to things about writing. You can sign up to become a Premium Member at scriptnotes.net, where you get all the back-episodes and Bonus Segments, like the one we’re about to record on adulting. Craig, Megana, thanks for a fun show.

**Craig:** Thank you, John.

**Megana:** Thank you.

[Bonus Segment]

**John:** Hey, Craig, when did you become an adult?

**Craig:** Oh, me, probably around seven.

**John:** Same with Mike. Mike became an adult very, very young. I did not become an adult very young. Megana, how about you? When did you become an adult?

**Megana:** Today.

**John:** Today. Now you’re an adult.

**Craig:** Today I learned I’m an adult.

**Megana:** I don’t think I’m an adult quite yet, because I’m bad at putting myself to sleep.

**Craig:** Who puts you to sleep?

**Megana:** Me, but I feel like to me, that is the definition of adulthood, being able to go to bed at a reasonable hour.

**Craig:** Then no, I’m not an adult either.

**John:** It’s not a matter of literally rocking yourself to sleep. It’s a matter of telling Megana, “Hey, Megana, go to bed.”

**Craig:** It’s not like somebody needs to read you a story.

**Megana:** No one’s patting my back as I go to bed.

**Craig:** Aw.

**John:** Aw.

**Craig:** Somebody should be.

**John:** Somebody should be.

**Craig:** We’ll get Bo over there.

**John:** Here’s what I’ll say. I think Megana’s bringing up a general case that’s a good marker for adulthood is recognition of consequences and avoiding consequences. If I don’t go to sleep at this time, I’m going to be a zombie tomorrow, or if I have an extra beer, I will suffer for it. That’s a thing which as you rise up through your teenagehood and into your 20s, eventually at some point you realize, okay, the consequence of this is not worth it for me, and therefore I will do a responsible, mature thing and not do that dumb thing.

**Craig:** I think a lot of maturity and adulting comes down to self-denial of basic pleasure, in part because you’ve enjoyed it before and you don’t need to feel it all the time, and also because you and your pleasure are not necessarily the most important thing. You may have a partner. You may a child. You may have employees. You may have work that you’re doing, your vocation, customers, clients. There are people for whom you are accountable. You begin to put other people ahead of your own base interests. That feels like a very adulty thing to me.

**John:** It’s accountability, but it’s also just responsibility. I remember when I first got my pug, Jake, I was responsible for it. This little being would not stay alive if I didn’t feed and care for him every day. That was a maturity thing. It was my mid-20s that I finally had my own dog. It was a form of growing up, because now this thing was fully my responsibility in a way that nothing else in my life had been. Paying rent is a responsibility. Just making sure the bills get paid every month was responsibility.

**Craig:** God, I remember paying off my student loans, getting a credit card, making those payments, making sure I made the payment every month, making sure I had enough money for rent, doing a budget, a lot of money stuff, simple, basic money stuff. I think also what helped me adult maybe faster than other people is that when I came to Los Angeles, I was 3,000 miles away from my parents. I had zero interest in relying on them for anything. When I say anything, I mean anything. No kind of support whatsoever, neither emotional nor financial. Nothing. There’s no net. There’s very real consequences for failure. That urgency definitely led to a fast adulting, because the alternative to fast adulting was a pretty dismal kind of failure.

**John:** The thing about moving out here without the safety net is it could lead to more ambitious choices, it could lead to many things, but it could also lead a person to be cautious and paralyzed. It wasn’t for you. You were always probably cautious, but you were still pursuing what you wanted to pursue. Recently, people were talking about how whenever they do a profile of 30 under 30, super successful people in their 30s, it should also show what do their parents do and what was their background that let them do those things. People who have these billion dollar valuations, there’s something about the history that got them there that’s probably a common thread behind them and what allowed them to take the chances that they took.

**Craig:** No, I think sometimes it’s just some people are like that, and some people aren’t.

**John:** Now Megana, are you an adult? Do you consider yourself fully adult or are you still a kid in many ways?

**Megana:** Aside from the sleep thing?

**John:** The sleep thing.

**Megana:** I think I’m an adult. I think another big part of being an adult is taking responsibility for yourself, being able to apologize and have self-awareness. I hope that I have those things. I think that qualifies me as an adult.

**John:** Apologizing, standing up on your principles, and not always doing what situationally is the easiest, recognizing the shades of gray and that things aren’t perfect. I remember my daughter and I have this argument about… She was saying there’s never been a truly communist system, but a truly communist system would be fantastic. I’m like, sigh. I fully get that that’s where she’s at in the understanding of it all, but also recognizing the world doesn’t match up to our utopian expectations and that you have to adapt with the world you actually have.

**Craig:** That’s a pretty adult thing to say.

**Megana:** I do think also, just to tie it back to side character energy, I think that not thinking of yourself as the main character to me feels like it signifies adulthood.

**Craig:** I agree.

**John:** I like that.

**Craig:** It’s a version I think of what I was saying earlier, which is you’re not the most important thing anymore. Other things are the most important thing. You becoming whatever it is that you’re aiming for… You have things or people or friends or stuff that you’re trying to get done, and it’s no longer about… Children are narcissistic, as well they should be. They’re trying to figure out who they are. At some point, you’re you, let’s get on with it.

**John:** Becoming an adult doesn’t mean that you’re necessarily old, that you’re suddenly giving up all your youth. One of the things I’ve done over the course of my career is always trying some new things, because I feel really young in those new things, because I’m inexperienced. I’m doing all the first-timer mistakes and figuring stuff out. Whether it’s doing the Broadway musical or doing the book series, there are chances to feel young again, even though I’m a full-grown adult. I’m young in doing those things. That is an opportunity not to feel put out to pasture, a sense that you are newly exploring some things with the same enthusiasm I did in my 20s for screenwriting.

**Craig:** I always say I really do feel like I’m just maybe 10 or 11 but in an older body. I mean that in that I’m still that person. Everything that I do that’s new is scary and exciting. All the fears that I had then, I probably still have quite a few of them now, despite all the therapy. I think I’m just better at managing it. Part of I guess being an adult is realizing you’re not really an adult. What you are is a child who is capable of doing more and who has different values I guess is what it comes down to.

**Megana:** I would say though that although the two of you are very much so adults, you’re both very curious, and you have a lot of optimism and excitement about new things.

**John:** I hope so. The other thing that I would say is a marker is that when people start coming to you for advice, that is some sign of being an adult. When people come to you as being the wise person who knows some things, it’s one marker. When hopefully, you’re still going out to get advice, but people come to you for advice, it’s the rest of the world recognizing, oh, you seem mature and like you know what you’re doing.

**Craig:** I feel that way. It’s not an age thing, because I meet people from time to time who are much older than I am, and they feel like the least wise people.

**John:** That’s a thing. I don’t think it’s necessarily a function of age, but it’s a function of adulting.

**Craig:** It’s weird. Then there are these people. Bella Ramsey is 18, and she has this weird, Yoda-like wisdom. I’ve never encountered it quite like the way it is in her. So wise, like when they say old soul. I don’t think old soul is the right term. It’s an adult soul. She has adult soul.

**John:** Megana, Craig, you’re some of my favorite adults.

**Craig:** Aw.

**Megana:** Aw.

**Craig:** Thank you, John.

**John:** Enjoy. Have a great week.

**Craig:** You too, guys.

**Megana:** Bye.

**Craig:** Bye.

**John:** Bye.

Links:

* [Kate Bush’s Running Up That Hill](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wp43OdtAAkM) reaching [number one on the pop charts](https://www.billboard.com/music/chart-beat/kate-bush-reclaims-uk-chart-running-up-that-hill-1235104046/)
* Beyonce’s [Break My Soul](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yjki-9Pthh0)
* [Side Character Summer](https://www.instagram.com/reel/Ce6zOHKqxgW/?utm_source=ig_web_copy_link) by Lolaokola on IG
* Jeremiah Lewis’s tweet @fringeblog [Ruin A Screenwriter’s Day in Three Words](https://twitter.com/fringeblog/status/1538582676076220419?s=21&t=sJtLfzZYwV9-3UIB4DF_IA)
* [Scriptnotes Ep. 10: Good Actors and Bad Writing Partners](https://johnaugust.com/2011/scriptnotes-ep-10-good-actors-and-bad-writing-partners-transcript)
* [Flashbacks and dreams](https://johnaugust.com/2003/flashbacks-and-dreams) on the blog
* [Reddit’s Cutaway Porn](https://www.reddit.com/r/Cutawayporn/)
* [Smart AoE](https://app.roll20.net/forum/post/10485883/script-smartaoe-graphical-interface-for-implementing-aoes-on-gridded-maps/?pagenum=1)
* [Get a Scriptnotes T-shirt!](https://cottonbureau.com/people/scriptnotes-podcast)
* [Gift a Scriptnotes Subscription](https://scriptnotes.supportingcast.fm/gifts) or [treat yourself to a premium subscription!](https://scriptnotes.supportingcast.fm/)
* [Craig Mazin](https://twitter.com/clmazin) on Twitter
* [John August](https://twitter.com/johnaugust) on Twitter
* [John on Instagram](https://www.instagram.com/johnaugust/?hl=en)
* [Outro](http://johnaugust.com/2013/scriptnotes-the-outros) by Sam Brady ([send us yours!](http://johnaugust.com/2014/outros-needed))
* Scriptnotes is produced by [Megana Rao](https://twitter.com/MeganaRao) and edited by [Matthew Chilelli](https://twitter.com/machelli).

Email us at ask@johnaugust.com

You can download the episode [here](http://traffic.libsyn.com/scriptnotes/557standard.mp3).

Scriptnotes, Episode 556: Let’s Catch Up, Transcript

August 8, 2022 Scriptnotes Transcript

The original post for this episode can be found [here](https://johnaugust.com/2022/lets-catch-up).

**Craig Mazin:** Standards and Practices has informed us that we have violated a certain number of rules, including use of bad language that may be inappropriate, in fact is inappropriate for your children, so earmuffs, guys, or just listen to it when they’re not around.

**John August:** Hello and welcome. My name’s John August.

**Craig:** My name is Craig Mazin.

**John:** This is Episode 556 of Scriptnotes, a podcast about screenwriting and things that are interesting to screenwriters. Today on the show, Craig is back, literally back, not edited together from episodes dating back 10 years.

**Craig:** Amazing.

**John:** We have so much to talk about, from movies to gun to created by credits. We’ll also answer listener questions that have been stacking up for months.

**Craig:** Yes, please. I apologize, I’m a bit raspy. Hopefully, this comes across as maybe perhaps-

**John:** No, it doesn’t at all.

**Craig:** … compatible with Sexy Craig.

**John:** Mildly ill, yeah.

**Craig:** John, you’re not ill. There’s nothing wrong with this. Don’t kink-shame my voice.

**John:** Oh yeah, so that’s how you’re going to spin it around.

**Craig:** I’m going to spin it around. Sexy Craig loves to spin it around. Sexy Craig had to come back because my voice is a little shot. We’ve gone through whatever was nearly a year of production. I’m back home. I am whatever beyond exhausted is, whatever that state of mind is, but ready to reengage my number one pursuit, podcast making-

**John:** Fantastic.

**Craig:** … because I love podcasts.

**John:** We’re going to get through all those topics. In our Bonus Segment for Premium Members, we’re going to discuss penmanship apparently, because this topic was chosen by our producer, Megana Rao, who I suspect just-

**Craig:** Has excellent penmanship.

**John:** I’m also making fun of you.

**Craig:** She can make fun of both of us, my friend.

**John:** At times I can write very neatly, but it just doesn’t stick.

**Craig:** No.

**John:** Nope. Craig, while you’ve been gone, actually an update, the Scriptnotes book is actually going really well.

**Craig:** Great.

**John:** We’ve actually done a lot of work on it these past couple weeks. We’ve done a deep dive, which we sent out to all those folks who subscribed to get the updates on things. We did a deep dive on Frozen, which was an episode that Aline and I had done.

**Craig:** Oh yes, I remember it, with Jennifer Lee.

**John:** It turned out great. It was our first time testing what a deep dive chapter would feel like.

**Craig:** Great.

**John:** A bunch of the interview ones done. Megana, you’re working on a chapter right now for group dynamics?

**Megana Rao:** Yes, on relationships in team movies and two-handers.

**Craig:** Nice.

**John:** That was actually based on… Two weeks ago our episode was a clip show that we put together. It ended up being a really good clip show with the two of us. That’s basically a chapter right there.

**Craig:** Honestly, we could probably put together 400 clip shows from the 500 shows we’ve done.

**John:** We’ve done a few while you’ve been gone.

**Craig:** You know what? Mix and match. There’s nothing wrong with that. When we were young, television would occasionally just-

**John:** Happens all the time.

**Craig:** You know what? It’s not new tonight. It’s a show that literally aired three months ago. Everyone was excited.

**John:** Also had the literal clip shows where it was like, remember that time we went and did this thing? That was a great time.

**Craig:** Yep, you get stuck in an elevator, you start remembering stuff.

**John:** You remember just a little bit. The Clerks animated TV show did not last for very long, but the first episode was a clip show, which I did respect.

**Craig:** Cute.

**John:** It was a good, fun idea. Updates on the book. I had said originally 2022. That’s not going to happen. We have a proposal that’s out now to our agent. We’re going to try to find a good publisher for the book.

**Craig:** What would you say the price is? Are we going to charge $300, $400 for this thing?

**John:** I think so, based on all of the work going into it. Each one is hand sewn. It’s going to be-

**Craig:** Big margins.

**John:** Big margins. Big margins for this book.

**Craig:** We’ve arrived.

**John:** It’s going to be good. Craig, not only are you back, movies are back.

**Craig:** Movies are back.

**John:** Movies are back.

**Craig:** They are back.

**John:** Big box office this past couple weeks.

**Craig:** It’s interesting. They’re back-ish. When Top Gun: Maverick comes out, it’s like the old days. It’s smashing Memorial Day weekend records. There have been big movies that have been coming out, but they are a very specific kind of movie, and there are not a lot of them. It used to be that on Memorial Day there would be two or three of these mega airliners smashing into each other and competing for this crazy week. It would go on for a few weeks. Now it’s like, oh my god, a movie. Then everybody goes, “Remember that?” I guess Jurassic Park, sort of.

**John:** Jurassic Park was probably the best example of… Top Gun was still able to hold on, while Jurassic Park did huge numbers as well. We’ll see whether we’re getting back into that groove. It’s also been nice to see Everything Everywhere All at Once doing great and just keeps trucking along.

**Craig:** That movie.

**John:** Delightful.

**Craig:** I can’t wait.

**John:** We’ve tried to get Daniels on to join us, and it’s just been a scheduling-

**Craig:** We’re going to get at least a Daniel. I don’t care. It has to happen.

**John:** Either one.

**Craig:** I love that movie so much.

**John:** So, so good. Craig, let’s talk about guns in Hollywood. This past week, a bunch of Hollywood creators signed a petition. I saw Shonda Rhimes. I saw Judd Apatow. Some of their statement with this open letter says, “As American storytellers, our goal is primarily to entertain. We also acknowledge that stories have a power to affect change. Cultural attitudes towards smoking, drunk driving, seat belts, and marriage equality have all evolved due in large part to movies’ and TV’s influence. It’s time to take on gun safety. We’re not asking anyone to stop showing guns on screen. We’re asking writers, directors, producers to be mindful of on-screen gun violence and model gun safety best practices. Let’s use our collective power for good.” An open letter. Craig, what’s your first instinct on this?

**Craig:** They solved it. We’re saved.

**John:** I have mixed feelings. I will say that going back to the episode we did about the Sideways effect and cigarette smoking, I do think stopping showing cigarette smoking on screen did have some impact in what people are doing to smoke cigarettes. The counter-example I have with guns though is that American movies are seen all over the world, and no one has the same gun violence problem that we do. It’s not the movies. It’s the guns.

**Craig:** In fact, I think it’s a very dangerous thing to suggest that it’s the movies. The issue with smoking is millions of Americans smoke. Millions of Americans do not murder each other with guns, although sometimes it feels like it. It’s a very rare and random thing that happens from time to time. When it does, the presence of a gun exacerbates someone’s terrible state of mind, and we have this awful violence. This is a uniquely American phenomenon, because for instance, certain states let 18-year-olds have assault rifles, which is insane.

We can’t impact millions of Americans with this, because millions of Americans happily are not murdering each other in the street with guns. Gun violence is not a function of movies. Nobody who shoots up a school or shoots up a supermarket or shoots up a post office is doing so because they watched a movie and got excited. No one. The premise is actually quite dangerous, I think. I think it feeds into this terrible narrative that we’ve always struggled to grasp at. You know what used to cause gun violence and things like that? Heavy metal. Then it was video games. Now it’s movies. It’s none of that.

You’re absolutely right to point out… In the UK for instance, there was a terrible school shooting in the ’80s in Scotland. The United Kingdom’s response, so, so sane, was to ban guns. There has not been such a school shooting since. They have all the same movies that we have. There’s plenty of gun violence there. I think that drama is always going to show extreme things. We’re allowed to murder people. Apparently, we can cut their throats. We can stab them in the head. We can have Jason walk around and hatchet teenagers.

This is a bit like… In reaction to the emergence of the AIDS crisis in the ’80s, the porn industry was like, “Maybe everyone wear condoms.” Everyone was like, “We don’t want to watch that so much,” and then they didn’t, because movies are not reality. We actually understand that. We didn’t start wearing seat belts because of movies. We started wearing seat belts because there was a law, and we’d get a pretty sizeable ticket. Plus, it also made sense.

**John:** I want to make sure we’re not straw manning them here, because they’re not saying as a factor of gun violence. It’s a cultural attitude towards guns. I do think that there is a possibility that the way we portray guns in movies and television has an influence in how Americans perceive guns and the problems of guns and the utility of guns to solve problems.

I’ll give you an example. On the first Charlie’s Angels movie, one of the things Drew and I discussed from the very start is the Angels don’t use guns. There just are no guns. There are no guns in our movie. An Angel will never touch a gun. That was an important distinction at the start. Therefore, we’re going to have to find other ways to do the things you would otherwise do with a gun. That was helpful for that movie. Is it going to work for all movies? No, but I think sometimes asking that question from the start, of does a gun need to be in this scene or in this moment could lead to some good, better solutions.

**Craig:** It’s always a creative question. Putting the gun debate aside, it’s a very important creative question. What sort of violence does this character commit? Very famously, Batman doesn’t use guns. What Batman does do is severely beat his victims, to the point where they are probably likely going to be permanently brain damaged, whereas perhaps just shooting them in the shin would’ve helped, made their life a little bit better afterwards. That’s a Batman thing, doesn’t use guns. Superman doesn’t need to use guns because he can throw a meteorite at your face. Other characters do.

I don’t think that the discussion should be within the context of actual gun violence in the street, because if I think about a movie that glorifies gun use, John Wick comes to mind. John Wick is fun, and it’s insane. It’s crazy, posits a world where there is a hotel for hit men, where they have hit men tailors and whatever they do in there. Nobody’s John Wicking around. I can’t think of something that glorifies gun use more. There’s all sorts of things that are… You know what’s glorious on film? Drinking. We show people drinking all the time on film. Drinking is a poison that kills a lot of people. More people die every year from drinking than from gun violence, but we love it because it’s fun and because it’s the movies. It’s fake. It’s fiction.

**John:** Again, I want to make sure that we’re not escaping what they’re actually trying to do here, because they’re also talking about gun safety culture, like showing characters who do have guns actually locking them up or doing them safely. There are small things I think that could help.

**Craig:** I don’t see how that helps. I don’t see watching a movie where a guy puts a gun in a safe and closes it is going to make anybody else in the world think, “Oh, I should get a safe for this.” We all know. It’s like with smoking. Prior to smoking being removed from a lot of movies, there were warnings on every single pack of cigarettes for as long as you and I have been alive that said, “Don’t do this. It’s going to kill you.” We all know it’s going to kill us. Any reasonable person understands that you should keep guns out of the hands of children or people who should not have guns in their hands. Every reasonable person knows that they should be locked up. What I do think is good is to show people… For instance, when you show people using guns in shows or movies, and they are somebody that has picked up a gun before, they should hold it correctly. Keep your finger off the trigger. Keep the barrel down. Don’t do stupid things like pointing it sideways. Then again, some characters are knuckleheads and that’s what they do. That’s part of the stupidity of it. Have you seen Barry?

**John:** I’ve seen Barry, yeah.

**Craig:** This year, there was a moment-

**John:** There was a moment where two characters who decided they were going to use a gun to do violence should never have been sold a gun.

**Craig:** Correct. That was an interesting commentary on gun violence, because they are having a discussion about taking revenge and murdering somebody, and then it is revealed they are having that discussion right in front of a gun salesman, who says, “So are you taking it?” They say, “Yes.” He’s like, “Great.” He gives them the gun. Somewhat predictably, they end up injuring themselves, because they’re bad at gun use. That is an interesting commentary on guns. That’s within a show where a guy is constantly killing people with guns and never locks it up. I think it felt to me like its heart was in the right place. We all want to do something. I think Hollywood tends to believe that it is more culturally powerful than it is when it comes to certain things. We are more of a mirror than a projector.

**John:** Here’s as far as I’ll meet you is that I do worry that sometimes making the statement or saying we’re going to do this thing on our side is taking the pressure off of the actual people who need to affect the changes, which are lawmakers, because it was not just cigarettes not being shown in movies that affected the change. It was you can’t smoke in restaurants. We made it much harder to smoke.

**Craig:** Exactly.

**John:** If we make it much harder to-

**Craig:** Get guns.

**John:** …own a gun, get a gun, use it improperly, yes.

**Craig:** From the beginning, one of the most popular Hollywood genres was the Western. In the Western, people shot each other constantly. That was the thing. There was rifles and handguns. They would swing the guns around. They would bring them in places and shoot each other in the streets. There were not mass shooting incidences in the ’50s and ’60s. One notorious one in Texas, and we still talk about it. If that happened today, it would be news for about an hour. The presence of the gun in our culture has always been there. The availability of guns for anyone, including the mentally ill or the angry or the young and brain not completed, therein is clearly, without question, the 99.9% contributing factor to our situation today.

**John:** We will not solve the problem of gun violence in America, but I think you and I may actually be able to achieve some closures or some real consensus on this next thing, which is a piece of follow-up. We talked about what is that page after the cover page before the script starts. It’s an interstitial page. Interstitial may be a good word for it. We asked our listeners for submissions about what they think that page should be called. I am going to read these aloud. I want your honest feeling about each of them. We may ultimately do a poll or something, but I want to hear you react first. Prescript.

**Craig:** No.

**John:** Page 0.

**Craig:** Terrible.

**John:** Declaration page.

**Craig:** Outrageous.

**John:** Ancillary page.

**Craig:** No.

**John:** Preface page.

**Craig:** Uck.

**John:** Epigraph page.

**Craig:** Yes.

**John:** Dedication page.

**Craig:** No.

**John:** Notes page.

**Craig:** No.

**John:** Dramatis personae.

**Craig:** Get out of here.

**John:** Front matter.

**Craig:** Front matter just sounds disgusting.

**John:** This is from Icelandic. Sourbla [ph].

**Craig:** Perhaps in Iceland.

**John:** Elias sent that through for us. You liked epigraph most. I like preface most. Talk to me about why epigraph.

**Craig:** That’s what it is. That was the word-

**John:** In a book, it was.

**Craig:** That’s what I was trying to remember and I couldn’t. It was somewhere way back in my head. Epigraph is exactly the description that we have for that is the graph on top of epi. That is a perfect description of that page. Preface, it’s true. The problem is preface has its own meaning, which is a full chapter that is an introductory forward or something like that.

**John:** I get that. I feel like most people don’t know what an epigraph is.

**Craig:** Let’s teach them.

**John:** Otherwise, everyone gets the sense a preface comes before the thing starts.

**Craig:** Sure. I think we have the power, as we just know. That’s what I want to do. Let’s just put out our own competing thing, get as many of our friends to sign it, saying this thing really should be called the epigraph. Let’s stop calling it that weird page between the cover and the next thing. Let’s see if we can change the world.

**John:** After this episode comes out, we will officially poll the world and see if we can get people to come on board with one of these things. I feel like it’s going to be probably preface or epigraph. I also kind of like Page 0, but it also makes it feel like you’re going to number that Page 0.

**Craig:** Page 0 sounds pretty intense. That sounds like it could be a title of a movie. Look, I’ll accept any of them except front matter. That just sounds dirty.

**John:** Yeah, or it sounds like a brain thing. It’s like, oh, he has damage to his front matter.

**Craig:** Right, or it just implies that there’s back matter. I don’t want it.

**John:** A notes page feels like it comes at the end of a script to me.

**Craig:** Yes, or put notes on it. These aren’t notes.

**John:** No, they’re not notes. We have a question from Mark about Obi-Wan Kenobi’s created by credit. Megana, can you help us out with that?

**Megana:** Mark writes, “In Episode 552, you talked about the writing credits on Elvis and everything that went into the decisions to credit it the way that they did. In a similar vein, I wanted to ask why there’s no created by credit on the Disney Plus series Obi-Wan Kenobi. It’s my understanding that the writer of the first episode is usually considered the creator, but both of the first two episodes have story by and teleplay by credits in addition to the based on Star Wars by George Lucas credit, which has become standard since Disney bought Lucasfilm, and no creator credit. Is this more common than I think it is or is there some kind of weird possible IP-based reason why there isn’t a creator credit?”

**Craig:** There may very well be. My understanding is that when you’re talking about an adaptation, created by is in play if the adaptation is sufficiently different from the source material, if you’re directly adapting a preexisting storyline. I haven’t seen the Obi-Wan Kenobi show.

**John:** It’s based on things that exist, but there’s a whole new storyline. It’s not a remake of a thing.

**Craig:** It’s not from, for instance, a comic or a novelization or something like that. If you’re adapting something in a very close manner to what was there before, then there may be a rule about created by not being in play. My personal opinion is that the Writers Guild shouldn’t be in the business of taking created by away from anybody. I think it should be always available. It should always be there. I don’t really see what’s the point of limiting it, particularly if there’s not an argument about it. I ran into a weird thing with that on Chernobyl. Originally, HBO submitted the credits and said created by Craig Mazin, and the Writers Guild initially came back and said you can’t have created by because you’re only five episodes.

**John:** That’s right, you told me that.

**Craig:** Created by requires you to have six episodes. I was like, “Guys, it’s just me.”

**John:** No one else.

**Craig:** There’s no other writer that has been hired on this show. One writer is employed: me. You’re just taking away from me. It was going to be six episodes. We just collapsed it during production into five. They were like, “No, sorry, that’s the rule.” I was like, “Now I have to try and get a waiver.” I think at that point they were like, “Just give it to him.”

**John:** I just looked it up. Obi-Wan Kenobi has six credits, so that, it wasn’t the issue. I do wonder if there’s a thing about… There were multiple writers on it. I think there may have been multiple writers doing different things at different times. It may have been an arbitration credit to get to where we even were for the pilot credits. That makes it harder to get a created by credit.

**Craig:** I readily admit that when we get questions about feature credits, I have 100% confidence that I know what I’m talking about. Television credits, weird, but again, I don’t have a writers’ room, so it doesn’t come up, but I have 70% confidence in my answer.

**John:** The related credit you’ll often see in television is developed by, which is when it’s coming off of a piece of IP, but you don’t get a created by credit. We’re going to be comfortable in our not knowing the full answer here. You are doing more TV. I’m going to be doing more TV. We’re going to learn this. Check in in 10 years and we’ll be experts on these credits.

**Craig:** Or even a month.

**John:** Even a month. Let’s get to some listener questions. Megana, I hope you have your voice rested, because there’s a lot of questions to get through.

**Megana:** I do. We have Nile from Hong Kong, who asks, “How do you handle repetitive actions such as a military character enters and stands to attention? My current screenplay has quite a few ‘stands to attentions.’ I’ve tried variations, starting the scene later, adding a distraction, and even hanging a lantern on it, but I still have three more ‘stands to attentions’ than I want.”

**John:** I suspect you don’t actually need to have those “stands to attentions,” because at a certain point, we just get when a character comes into the scene, they’re going to have to do that. You don’t need to call it out every time. That’s my guess.

**Craig:** I’m a little concerned that you have that many soldiers entering and standing to attention period.

**John:** That’s a lot of walking in rooms.

**Craig:** It may be a sign that there’s just a lot of times where somebody walks into a room and goes wah. Are they saluting? Are they just bah? You can also get away sometimes with assuming that they’re standing to attention for the same person, like let’s say General Smith. You could say, “So-and-so enters the room, stands to attention in front of General Smith, as everyone always does,” and then you know this generally is going to happen.

**John:** Yeah, just because if you have people doing the kinds of stuff that they’re going to be doing in the world of your movie, you just don’t have to call it out all the time. In Top Gun, they’re not talking about how they’re doing stuff on the plane each time. Probably the first time in the script it’s mentioned, you’re seeing it, but then you’re not acknowledging it every other time.

**Craig:** Yeah. You can establish your routine as a routine, let us know that it is a routine, and then move along.

**Megana:** I think this is an interesting followup. Jonathan asks, “In your recent episode on entrances and exits, you mention that we don’t need to see people enter and exit places, yet in the show Severance it shows the subjects walking from place to place throughout a large portion of the show. Why do you think this works?”

**John:** I think it works really well in Severance. My guess is why it works so well in Severance is this is a show about characters being trapped in a place they cannot get out of. They’re in a very small environment. It works for them to always be walking from one point to another point. They’re always under surveillance. It feels right in the continuity of that show. My guess is that you see a lot more entrances and exits in an office world than you do outside, is that you’re seeing characters enter into spaces more down there than outside. I think there’s probably a good contrast there.

**Craig:** All we were saying is you don’t need to. We weren’t saying you shouldn’t or that it’s bad. It’s just that you don’t feel that you are obligated to show people enter or exit spaces. If there’s a purpose, whether it’s thematic or because the space is really interesting, do it. I write entrances and exits all the time.

**John:** I would say that show also has a lot of things that are happening in doorways, because you’re always in between two different spaces. It feels really natural that you’re just going to show somebody coming in and going out of that space. I would say definitely not trying to have a blanket prohibition on entrances and exits, but always look at a scene and say, wait, do I actually need to have this character walk in here, because I think so often, especially new screenwriters are treating it like a play, where everyone has to enter into the scene, do the work of the scene, and then leave the scene. The magic of movies is you don’t.

**Craig:** Exactly. We’re just saying ask the question.

**John:** Cool.

**Megana:** Alex from Manchester asks, “I’m in the middle of planning a short screenplay set in early 19th century Wales. While I’m happy with the overall premise, I can’t help but feel I’m damaging the integrity of the story by writing the film in English, as during this time, little to no one would’ve spoken English. Should this be a genuine worry or shall I plow on, incorporating the Welsh language where possible and in small doses to help hold up its overall integrity?”

**John:** I don’t know what I would do.

**Craig:** I know what I did.

**John:** Absolutely. People, they spoke, quote unquote, Russian.

**Craig:** Yes. People spoke English. They spoke English just like Shakespeare wrote Hamlet in not Danish but English. Alex is perfectly free to write this story not in Welsh, a beautiful but notoriously difficult language to speak, and very few people understand it. You’d right away be limiting your actor pool quite significantly. Again, it’s for an audience. The language to me is not where all of the beautiful detail is. If you get the clothing and the hair and the places and the props right, if you get the attitude, if you get the philosophy and the history correct, the language is just part of the regular artifice of recreating life through art. I don’t see any reason why you should feel obligated to try and write this in a language that I doubt you speak. Don’t make them sound like they’re from Manchester, because that would be hysterical but wrong.

**John:** A thing Alex may run into is that if everyone is, they’re speaking English, but we know they’re actually really supposed to be speaking Welsh, and he has to have a scene where some English speaker comes into that situation, that can be complicated. That’s the Hunt for Red October problem.

**Craig:** Exactly. England and the English language gives you such a great gift here. There is a Welsh accent in English. Lots of ells. It’s lovely. It would be good if the actors spoke English with a Welsh accent. Similarly, when the king is discussing how to put down the rebellion in Wales, he should be rather posh and kingly in his speech, RP and all that. There are wonderful regional accents that they can always pull from, especially if you’re making a film in the UK about a section of the UK. Try and get that accent right. Then again, they made Braveheart.

**John:** I was going to say Braveheart, that’s in English.

**Craig:** Everyone’s all over the place. Half of them are Irish. One of them’s American, so you know.

**John:** You know. I would say also, Alex, watch House of Gucci.

**Craig:** Don’t do that.

**John:** Watch House of Gucci, because those characters, they are Italian, but they’re speaking English. Sometimes they speak Italian. Sometimes they’ll say things like… In English they’ll say, “What’s the word for… ” It’s like, you’re speaking Italian right now.

**Craig:** Plus, they also vaguely sounded like vampires. It did not help that story. I agree with you. I really struggle when they just try too hard with the language. I do feel like well-trained actors from the United Kingdom will be able to do a Welsh accent with some training. There are wonderful dialect coaches that work with folks in the UK all the time.

**John:** Cool.

**Megana:** This is a quick question for Craig. Cuber Dad asks, “Do you like Rubik’s cubes? Where do they rank on your puzzle solving scale? I got one for my son and finally learned how to solve it in my 40s. Am I wrong to think that cubing and writing share some similarities? Trying to crack an algorithm on a cube feels like working through a difficult part of a script, turning a scene one way, then sideways, then back on itself, or perhaps I’m straining this metaphor.”

**Craig:** You are straining this metaphor.

**John:** You are definitely.

**Craig:** Writing is like a Rubik’s cube with so many pieces that no one can learn the algorithm, and it’s constantly changing anyway, because what you consider to be success with the Rubik’s cube, which is finite, is not success with writing. Nobody knows what success is with writing until you get there. No, they are not related. I do not know how to solve a Rubik’s cube. My script supervisor, Chris Roofs [ph], excellent Rubik’s cube solver. Bella Ramsey, excellent Rubik’s cube solver. The two of them would solve it, and then I would come and mix it up. That was my job. Could I learn? Yes. There is a method. You can learn it. That is the very reason I don’t want to, because once you learn it, you can pick up any Rubik’s cube that has been scrambled to any extent and within a few minutes, solve it, because you are essentially being a robot. That said, I do like watching them solve it.

**John:** It’s fun to watch. My daughter learned how to solve a Rubik’s cube while we were in Paris. For two or three years, she was solving it. Now it sits on a shelf. She’s never going to solve it again. It was useful in its time. There is a good Rubik’s cube movie. We’ll put a link in the show notes.

**Craig:** A documentary.

**John:** A documentary.

**Craig:** It’s lovely.

**John:** Great, but it’s not really about Rubik’s cubes. It’s about this relationship between these solvers and this one kid.

**Craig:** It’s about the autism spectrum more than anything. I think it’s gorgeous. Beautiful movie. I will say that level of solving is astonishing to me, where it’s not about solving your Rubik’s cube, it’s about seeing just how fast can the brain go, not only to know what should be done, but also to make the fingers do it. For these kids to blindfold themselves and solve a Rubik’s cube in 30 seconds is just astonishing to watch.

**Megana:** Ray in the Midwest asks, “I’m the main writer on a genre indie film coming out later this year with an Academy Award actor as one of the leads. On top of that, my representation is currently shopping three to four different genre scripts of mine that are getting interest. I parlayed this writing momentum into finally getting permission to adapt one of my dream projects after pursuing it for more than a decade. It’s a comic book property. I took it to my representation, thinking it could be a game-changer, which it was for a bit. Suddenly, they now have a major studio screenwriter who’s shown interest in the property and pitching it as a major studio tent pole, which means that I would not be the screenwriter on my dream project. However, I would still be on board as a producer, which my reps told me would be far more valuable than me writing my dream project at the indie level. I’ve dreamt about writing this movie for over 12 years, and I’m wrestling with what is the best approach here. I’m obviously in no position to get this made as a major studio tent pole like the other writer, but the project is incredibly important to me. I always want to be a team player, because this industry’s all about collaboration. My question is, is it more valuable to my career moving forward to write and maintain creative involvement even if the movie is at the indie level like 2 million or below, or to be a producer with very little input on the potential $50 million or more?”

**Craig:** There’s a girl you’ve been chasing for years. You finally get that chance, and then your best friend says, “You know what would be even better than sleeping with her? That guy sleeping with her.”

**John:** I feel really bad for Ray. I have had similar conversations with friends who have been in situations like this, where they had the take, they had the thing, and they were about to get the job, and then some big screenwriter, not me… There have been conversations where I’ve been the person who’s come in to be that big screenwriter. I feel bad for the Rays who I didn’t even know about who were involved in things. My hunch is that so far you have an indie coming out, which is great. You have this other thing you want to adapt. You want to do it as an indie. If it really wants to be a bigger property and you’re not going to be able to swing it, take the producer credit, learn how a big movie gets made. Learn how all the gears go together and grind things down into frustrating pulps. Then focus on doing other stuff, because you have other projects, other irons in the fire, as you said in the first paragraph, different genre scripts. Use those to be your indie calling cards. Use this to be a lesson about how to make a big movie.

**Craig:** You’re implying that you have a choice. I’m not quite sure how that is. If you do have a choice, then my feeling is write it. You know how to do it at a certain level. You believe you do. You should do it. If there is no choice, I’m not really sure what the question is anyway. This is happening.

**John:** Yeah, because he doesn’t control the IP it doesn’t look like.

**Craig:** What I would say is make your peace with it. John’s absolutely right. It’s a great chance to see something big get put together. It’s a wonderful opportunity to see something destroyed that you love, which everybody should experience in Hollywood at least-

**John:** I’ve had a few of those.

**Craig:** … 7 or 18 times. One thing I just want to be clear about, your reps are absolutely full of shit. This is not good. That producing credit will mean zero. There is in movies one producing credit that means something, and it is produced by. The rest aren’t going to mean anything. They’re going to give you co-producer or, God forbid, associate producer. Do not settle for that. Even if it’s executive producer, it doesn’t matter, because everybody will know who produced the movie, and everybody will know who wrote the movie. We all know. Don’t get swayed by that. It will accrue to a zero benefit for you.

**John:** Last week on the show we had Michael Waldron on. He was talking about he went to Pepperdine for film school. I was trying to drill him. I tried to be Craig here and say, “What did you really get out of it? Was it worth your time? Was it worth your money?” It was clear that he treated it as like, “I’m going to treat every day like it’s my job. I’m going to absolutely kill everything that comes my way. I’m just going to really approach it like that.” If this could be Ray’s film school, where it’s like, “Listen, I know that my producer credit’s not going to mean anything, just like my screenwriting degree is not going to mean anything, but I am going to learn the shit out of things every day on this process and I’m going to stay involved on those conversations,” that’s going to be really helpful for you.

**Craig:** You’ll have to fight your way into it.

**John:** You will.

**Craig:** You may think that, “Oh, I’m a producer on this.” They’re like, “No, you’re not.”

**John:** Craig and I have been producers on things we’ve barely touched.

**Craig:** Enjoy your two tickets to the premier, sitting way, way in the back.

**John:** Ray, congratulations that you have a movie coming out with good people. It sounds like things are going pretty well here. Just don’t take the negative of this one thing not going quite the way you hoped as a sign that everything is doom.

**Craig:** Lay in wait, because that big screenwriter may fall on his or her face. Happens all the time. Then you can step up and be like, “I know what to do.”

**Megana:** Nathan in Nashville asks, “I’ve been stumped for a few weeks on a new spec I’m writing. I have the gist of the story worked out in a broad outline. I know all the major set pieces, including the ending. However, something feels off with the logic. I feel like I’m trying to force a puzzle piece into a hole that’s a 95% match. It might even seem to fit to the untrained eye, but doesn’t lock perfectly into place. For context, it’s a sci-fi script, but if Michel Gondry and the Muppets had total creative control. In other words, the rigorous logic needed for audience buy-in is much closer to the Swedish chef cooking with singing food than it is to Anthony Rapp navigating a star ship through a multidimensional network of interstellar fungi. Even still, I feel stuck. Do you have any tips for working yourself out of this predicament? I keep trying to write around the problem and solve it in a second draft, but the fact that the story logic isn’t perfect keeps niggling around in my brain and stopping that progress. I just can’t find that perfect fit.”

**Craig:** You got to pay attention to that.

**John:** Something’s wrong.

**Craig:** There is no piece fitting 95%.

**John:** I can tell you as a person who solves jigsaw puzzles, there’s no such thing as a 95% piece.

**Craig:** Not a puzzle.

**John:** I am the person who’s qualified to answer this thing talking about puzzle pieces. I’m going to say if it’s a near fit, it is a misfit. It’s not actually going to work. You’re going to bend the edges of that puzzle piece. Only pain is going to follow.

**Craig:** You will not be able to reassemble your broken picture. I will say that you need to solve this problem. You cannot write your way around it. You can’t cover it with words. You can’t pour structure over it, all that stuff. You think that the untrained eye might not notice it. Everyone will notice it. It will be glaring the whole time. Think of how many times you walked out of a movie complaining that something didn’t make sense. You have to solve it. This is very hard. This is a hard, hard thing to do.

I always think of this line, I’m sure I said this before, from Searching for Bobby Fischer, where this little kid is sitting there, eight-year-old chess prodigy, but he’s learning from a grandmaster played by Ben Kingsley. He’s laid out this arrangement of pieces for the kid. He says, “You can get to checkmate in 10 moves. How?” The kid’s just staring. He goes, “I don’t see it.” He says, “Don’t move until you see it.” “I don’t see it.” “Don’t move until you see it.” “I don’t see it.” Then he whacks all the pieces away, and the chessboard is empty. Then the kid looks at it. Then he has it in his mind. Then he sees it. Then it’s glorious.

I would say to you, in terms of writing, don’t move until you see it. Solve the problem in your head. It’s often way more elegant than you think. You will go through all these, and I do this all the time, these torturous machinations, because you think you’re hunting for this elusive, complicated formula. You’re not. You’re looking for E equals MC squared. You’re looking for something so fundamentally simple that when you see it, you’ll know.

**John:** My hunch is that you’re going to find the solution is not by adding something, but by taking some things away, and probably by taking away some things earlier on, because you’re trying to stack things up to fit a certain way. If you just take that piece out, oh, that was the thing that was causing the wrinkle in the carpet. It’s that thing that you can’t solve. Once you take that thing out, you’re there. It may also be a piece of just logic you’re giving us early on or emotional logic that you’re giving us early on makes us feel like this is how it’s going to work. These are the rules of the world that I’m setting up. Within the rules of the world I’m setting up, this makes perfect sense. Maybe don’t move until you see it. Also, the other choice is to take a step back and don’t try to solve this problem right in front of you. Look at the whole thing, and see, if I take some other things away, does that problem disappear.

**Craig:** Look at what you have, and ask yourself if maybe the answer’s just sitting there, because just what happens if everybody relaxes? What happens if all the characters that are currently tormenting themselves into your plot, what if it just relaxes? What if it simplifies?

**John:** The language you’re using, you’re trying to force something. You’re trying to jam something. Nope, actually just got to ease back and just let it flow and let it go to the next thing. It can feel lazy. It can feel like, I’m not doing work to jam this thing. No. Actually, it’s much more natural. If you’re doing a great job of writing this, it’s going to feel both natural and surprising to the audience, I think, because one of the things I loved so much about the third act of Top Gun movie is that a bunch of stuff happens, that I’m not surprised that all happens, but it actually feels natural to how the movie is set up.

**Craig:** Great.

**Megana:** DJ from Palmdale asks, “I’m writing a script in which the main characters are introduced in the opening scene, but as younger versions of themselves. Later the story jumps forward to the time period where the rest of the movie takes place when they’re older. My question is should I do my in-depth character introductions in that opening scene when they’re younger versions of themselves or should I wait until a few scenes later when the main characters are reintroduced as their older versions? The characters haven’t changed much fundamentally since the time period in the opening scene and act pretty much the same, but their older versions are what the audience sees for most of the film.”

**John:** Interesting. I don’t think we’ve actually addressed this before. When you have younger and older versions of characters, if you’re saying here that they’re actually not fundamentally vastly different, personality-wise. They’re still going to look different. They’re still going to feel different in their space. Make sure you’re giving us a visual and a way to identify those characters, keep them straight, when we first see them, with the older version or the younger version. You get a sense of who they are. When we see the older or the younger version of them, you can use some similar language to remind us of the personality things or other defining characteristics so we completely connect them in our heads, because it’s one thing in a movie when we’re watching that we can see these characters, be like, “Oh, that looks like the young version of Bill Hader.” On the page, we don’t have that. All we have is these names, and hopefully, we’re going to match to be the same person. We can get lost in terms of what’s changed and what’s the same.

**Craig:** You’re asking should I do this or that. My answer is yes, because you want to introduce the characters as they’re young, the way you should introduce any character. I want to know what they look like, what their hair is like, their clothes, wardrobe, hair, and makeup. If there’s anything specific, are they missing teeth, are they skinny, are they heavy, are they goofy, are they handsome, whatever it is, tell us. If you’re telling me that when they’re older they’re basically the same, I’m telling you, you haven’t done it right, because age is the thing that changes us the most, and not just because there’s physical changes, but there are mental changes and emotional changes. If you’re telling me a story where I see them as children and then I see them as an adult, for the love of god, something must’ve happened when they were children to earn my way into now jumping ahead and seeing them as adults. It’s really important that you do it again. If all you do is say 15 years older but more worried, 15 years older, still boyish, but somehow has lost their charm, or the goofy one is now more possessed, whatever it is, you got to give me something. Otherwise, why are you jumping ahead in time? Something must’ve happened.

**John:** The other thing I’d ask you to really look at, DJ, is how important is the younger and the older version of these characters. It says here that you were mostly with the older versions of these characters. Really ask yourself what happens if we don’t have these younger versions. It may be absolutely essential to your story that we see these younger versions, but maybe it’s not. Maybe you’re trying to do a thing that won’t actually be benefiting you in the movie. Maybe the question you’re asking is really should you be doing this at all. Maybe you should. Just ask yourself could you get by without this.

**Megana:** Justin asks, “My name’s Justin, and I’m in Canada, and I’m dyslexic. I’m currently writing my first screenplay roughly 20 years after being told by a high school English teacher that I should give up writing. That moment shattered my confidence, but as spell check and grammar checkers became more and more reliable, I slowly began to write again. I will always have to take a final ultra-slow pass reading through my script, but I will still miss mistakes that may seem fundamental to other screenwriters. Generally, the mistakes are not so severe that it would ruin the reading experience. I’m really confident in my storytelling skills. Should I be informing people before they read my script that I’m dyslexic and that there may be a few grammar errors? I worry that they may not want to read it at all if I do this. If I don’t, I worry they may wonder how I could make some fundamental mistakes.”

**Craig:** Good question. For starters, you can ask somebody to proofread it for you. There are people who will read scripts, and they will check for both spelling and grammar issues. My guess is that there are probably some pretty good resources for you in Canada, Canada, my home away from home last year and some, a socialist country with a lot of resources. I would imagine that there’s probably some decent resources for people with dyslexia there. There may be something. I don’t know if you live in a major city or not, but perhaps at a university library or at the university setting, there may be somebody willing to just do that to help you out. If not, then I think it’s fair to let people know that you’re dyslexic. The way I would put it is, “If you see any errors that would make you think, why would a person like this make that error, now you know why.” I wouldn’t get into grammar or spelling per se. I would just say, “If you see an error that seems funky, just flag it for me. I’m dyslexic. This will happen from time to time.”

**John:** I think before you need to do that, you’re going to be able to find resources for getting that last set of eyes on them, because you talk about needing to read through slowly and carefully, so you do have a sense of the kinds of things you’re struggling with. It may be a public resource, but it may also just be the person you’re paying 50 bucks to do that last pass on a script before you send it in. I think we’ve talked about this on previous episodes where there are people who will just read your script and there are people who can help you out on that. Finding the college student who can do that may be one of the best resources there for that.

I would also say that I think one of the good things that’s happened in the 20 years that you weren’t writing is that we’ve recognized that dyslexia is a set of challenges for people to read and to write, but that doesn’t mean they don’t have the ability to express themselves or tell stories and do all these things. I’m just really happy that you’ve realized that you have the ability to do all these things, and just like a person who… Ryan Knighton is blind and can write a hell of a script. It’s a small obstacle on the way that you can deal with and address.

**Craig:** 100%. With that in mind, if you do find somebody that you’re going to pay $50 to, $50 Canadian-

**John:** Which is less than it would be in the US. It’s a bargain in Canada.

**Craig:** John doesn’t understand money. Anyway, the point is make sure that they know why they’re reading it. Everybody that you give a script to is going to be like, “I did have some things. I wasn’t sure if this… When she said that, would she really say that?” Just be real clear up front, “I don’t want any creative notes from you whatsoever. I just want spelling, grammar.”

**John:** I will say there’s a writer director I know, who I think she’s talked about her dyslexia, but I don’t want to say her name in case she hasn’t talked about it. She is dyslexic, and she has a very successful writing directing career. She just has people help her with those issues. Is it a thing you’re going to have to address? For sure. Can you still be perfectly successful? Yes, because she is.

**Craig:** There you.

**John:** Craig, it’s come time for our One Cool Things. Do you have a One Cool Thing to share with us? We’ve missed you for so long, so I bet you’ll have a cool thing.

**Craig:** I do have a cool thing. It’s free, which I can’t believe. Like most shows that shoot on digital, which is most shows, we used an ARRI. One of the primary tools that have been around for directors and cinematographers for many, many years when we were shooting films was a viewfinder. The idea when you’re shooting on the ARRI or a film camera is you’re constantly switching lenses. The lenses are fixed focal lengths, so 50 millimeters, 35, 32, 27. When you’re trying to frame up the scene, when you’re blocking it out and you want to know what lens should we be using, we used to just get the lens on a stick. It was a viewfinder on a stick. You’d look through it, and you could turn a dial. That was a variable lens, so you could roughly see what it would look like. We don’t have to do that anymore.

**John:** You’ve got your phone out, so I bet it involves your phone.

**Craig:** It is. There’s an app called the Magic ARRI Viewfinder. It is free. There are a few extra doodads you can unlock on it if you buy… I don’t know, it’s like $4 for the little upgrade. It’s wonderful. Basically, you hold it out, and you just dial in with your finger what focal length. It’ll take any focal length, including lenses that don’t exist. Nobody uses a 68. If you want to look at it in 68, you can. When I was directing, I found it incredibly useful to be able to just take my phone, especially when I was scouting, to look around, just see, okay, I’m just going to roughly go in my mind. I know what a wide is. I know what a medium is. I know what a long is. Let me just take some pictures using the bright lens. Very helpful. Super free and/or cheap. If you are ever contemplating using a viewfinder for anything, that thing did pretty well.

**John:** I’ve seen viewfinder things on the iPhone for a long time, but it sounds like this one is deliberately an ARRI thing that is going to give you exactly what you’d expect from this camera, which is great.

**Craig:** Especially with this iPhone, it’s saying, look, this is what-

**John:** This is what you’re going to get.

**Craig:** This is what you’re going to get with a general lens, because the ARRI is not lenses. The ARRI is just-

**John:** It’s a box.

**Craig:** It’s a box. The lenses are the lenses. It’s saying if you were to stand here and look through a real lens on a 35, this is what you would see.

**John:** Craig, when you’re out scouting at location and you’re pulling out this app doing this stuff, are you just setting location manager, AD, stand there, stand there, to see relative framing?

**Craig:** I will occasionally do that. The last time I used it, I asked my production designer to stand here. I was like, “No, move to your left. Take one step forward. Stop.” Then you can tap on your area of focus. If I want to see the back of his head sharp but in the distance things blown out-

**John:** That’ll give you a sense of like, okay, if I was on this long of a lens, how quickly would I lose that, could I keep both of them in focus, if you wanted to.

**Craig:** Right, or if I want the background to be out of focus, how much out of focus will it be with this lens. Then I find the one, like, okay, this is basically what I’m thinking, take a picture. Then I can share that with my DP. I always say, “I’m sorry. I’m really sorry. This is just for a vague sense of my… You will make it look great. Maybe this lens is wrong and all that. This was just kind of a thought.”

**John:** Whenever I’m Slacking something through to Dustin, our designer, and I’ve just done something up in PhotoShop really quick, generally I’ll say, “A thousand apologies, this is terrible, because I’m stepping into your domain. This is what’s in my head.”

**Craig:** You know what I did? There was a note. I was talking to Franny Orsi, who runs HBO Drama. She was saying there was just something in a scene she wanted. She described it in the kind of way that executives do. I knew I had 50% of what she was asking for, but not 100%. I said, “Okay, Frannie, write dialog for me. Don’t worry. It doesn’t have to be good. It’s going to feel weird. I’m not going to use it word for word or even any of it. I just need to know what’s in your head. It will help me write something that will probably look completely different but maybe get to.” She did it, and she was so sweet about it. She’s like, “This is a first for me.” She’s like, “This was hard and weird and uncomfortable, but here it is.” It was incredibly helpful. It helped me. Like I said, I didn’t use that, but I did this, and it achieved hopefully the thing that she was asking for.

**John:** That’s great. My One Cool Thing actually comes from Megana. This is a tweet by Alex Hirsch, who was going through some of the emails he got from Disney’s Standards and Practices on his show Gravity Falls. Did you see this today?

**Craig:** I was just talking about this with our editor, Tim Goode, an hour ago. It’s really funny.

**John:** Let me play a little clip here from it.

**Alex Hirsch:** Page 492. It has come to our attention that hoo ha is a slang term for vagina. Please revise.

It is a proper word meaning excitement or hullabaloo, and that is clearly its meaning here. The context is an owl-themed restaurant called Hoo Ha’s Jamboree. Not changing it.

Page 14. Please revise chub pup on T-shirt. Chub has a sexual connotation.

This is silly. It’s an image of a fat dog. On the context, there’s no reason to think chub means anything other than that.

We have ran this phrase up the line, and unfortunately the concern surrounding it still remains. If you’d like to send me some alternate phrases, I can run those and let you know what becomes of it.

Alternate phrases: chubby pup, tub pup, chubbity pup pup. I can’t believe I have to do this.

**John:** Standards and Practices, for people who aren’t familiar with it, international listeners, particularly on the broadcast networks but also on some of the cable networks-

**Craig:** Censors.

**John:** Censors. They are censors. They’re going through and saying this is appropriate or not appropriate for our audience, for our network, not in a legal sense, but basically so that people won’t come after us and say that we are corrupting the youth of America, things that we are being asked to change.

**Craig:** Standards and Practices is notorious for being… It’s like they found the most fuddy-duddy people on the planet and then gave them an audience and said, “Suck the life out of things,” because we generally are smart enough to know where the line is that’s hard. If you’re writing for network, you’re not dropping F-bombs on that show. That’s not allowed by the FCC. You can’t do it. Then there are those weird things that are in the middle. You know, okay, look, I was dancing around… You might say, “Oh, did you get a handy?” Now, handy in that context clearly means hand job. You’re going to get flagged by S and P. You got to take the L on that one. Okay, fine. If, look, it’s called chub pug because it’s a fat pug, and we heard that you could also say I got a chub meaning an erection, no. No, I’m going to fight that all day long. That’s crazy. Who is going to misinterpret that? Certainly not the nine-year-old kids watching it.

**John:** The frustration with all of it is that it’s anticipating an adult responding in a way that a kid would never actually do it and taking offense on behalf of an imaginary child.

**Craig:** I love those videos when some outraged mom somewhere is like, “I got this animal, stuffed animal, and if you pull the string, it says words. Listen to what it says. It’s saying go fuck Santa.” Then they play it for you, and it’s like, no, it’s not. It’s saying, “Oh, I forgive you.” It didn’t say fuck Santa at all.

**John:** It says, “I’m fun Santa.”

**Craig:** You’re like, lady, you’re crazy. Then they get attention. Then a hundred articles are written. Anyway, now we have to put a language warning on this.

**John:** That is our show for this week. Scriptnotes is produced by Megana Rao. It’s edited by Matthew Chilelli. Our outro is by Lachlan Marks. If you have an outro, you can send us a link to ask@johnaugust.com. The Dropbox folder that has all of our listener outros is getting a little bit bare.

**Craig:** Uh-oh.

**John:** Maybe send those in now. If you’ve been holding onto one, we need it. Ask@johnaugust.com is also where you can send longer questions like the ones we answered today, but for short questions on Twitter, Craig is @clmazin, I’m @johnaugust. We have T-shirts, and they’re great. You can find them at Cotton Bureau. You can find the show notes for this episode and all episodes at johnaugust.com. That’s also where you’ll find transcripts and sign up for our weeklyish newsletter called Inneresting, which has lots of links to things about writing. You could sign up to become a Premium Member at scriptnotes.net, where you get all the back-episodes and Bonus Segments like the one we’re about to record on penmanship.

**Craig:** Penmanship.

**John:** Craig, it’s nice to have you back.

**Craig:** It’s so good to be back.

**John:** Craig, what is your handwriting like? I don’t think I’ve actually seen your handwriting ever.

**Craig:** I’m happy to do it for you right now.

**John:** Let’s find a pen here. I would like you to write instructions for heating up dinner.

**Megana:** I’m pulling up an article that says what does your handwriting say about you.

**John:** We’re going to trade.

**Craig:** Trading.

**John:** Mine has things I legitimately just wrote for myself and one thing I just wrote now for this. Craig wrote, “First, put the food on a plate. Second, place the plate in a microwave. Third, hit start three times.” It’s clearly readable. I can see what you’re going for here.

**Craig:** It’s not going so well over here, John. I’m taking a look at what you wrote. This says, “Magical pollution.”

**John:** Magical pollution.

**Craig:** “At end of… ” I think you meant to say pilot, but it is spelled pidut. “L?”

**John:** Mm-hmm.

**Craig:** “Her?”

**John:** Yeah.

**Craig:** “Hope?”

**John:** Hope, yeah.

**Craig:** “L her hope?”

**John:** Yeah.

**Craig:** “He, um, loody, huh, owl, M,” music note, “didn’t,” two marks that mean nothing, and then another M. Then on the back it says, “This is my normal… ” You meant to say handwriting, but what this is is… I got hand, and then it just went bad.

**John:** It’s the difference between… I tend to just write for myself, because I can read everything that’s on this. I can get it all back. Then I won’t think about, oh, I’m actually writing this for somebody else who has to read my handwriting, and it becomes really bad. The exception is I used to do my first drafts all by hand, and so I would send them through to Dana. I would fax them through to Dana.

**Craig:** Fax.

**John:** Because I would be bunkered down someplace, I would hand-write the pages, send them through. I would be very deliberate about my handwriting when I send them through to Dana. This is my scribble.

**Craig:** That’s very bad. That’s way worse than I thought it would be, because I think of you as a precision machine, but not-

**John:** No, I’m full chaos.

**Craig:** You know what? Every machine has some weakness. This is yours.

**John:** I would say on this [inaudible 00:55:07] this is my normal handwriting. I will tend to focus on the first bits of a word that actually are important, and then I’ll just… I’ll get the rest of-

**Craig:** It’s gone.

**John:** I’ll remember what the rest of the word must be.

**Craig:** My handwriting, it’s good to see that it’s legible. That’s great.

**John:** I’m holding this up so Megana can see it on Zoom.

**Craig:** Let’s see what Megana thinks.

**Megana:** Yeah, that is legible. You both have very creative handwriting.

**Craig:** It’s bad. Don’t get me wrong. It’s bad. Your handwriting is probably outstanding.

**Megana:** Yeah, it’s pretty good.

**Craig:** This is an experience I think almost every boy has had, being in 5th grade and you’re writing your little thing, and then you look in the seat next to you, there is a girl who is calligraphying it as far as… Or her hand is a font maker, every letter, the kerning, the fact that the lines are straight, the precision of it all. You’re like duh, duh, der. You just feel so bad.

**John:** Megana, I’m trying to think what your normal handwriting is. Are you printing or are you writing cursive for your normal, just daily writing?

**Megana:** I do a combination. It’s like Spanglish between cursive and print.

**John:** Does your handwriting vary based on whether it’s something just for you? I don’t know if you do morning pages, but if you’re writing just for yourself, is it any different than what people are writing for other people?

**Megana:** I’m looking at my morning pages.

**Craig:** What are morning pages?

**John:** It’s a whole thing that, Craig, you missed out on, because it’s this idea of… Megana, you do it, so describe them.

**Craig:** What is it?

**Megana:** I don’t really do it. I just journal but call it that facetiously. It is from this popular book called The Artist’s Way. The idea is that you wake up every morning and you write three pages without thinking. It’s supposed to clear you for the day.

**Craig:** I’d rather light myself on fire.

**John:** I tried it for two weeks. It was weird, because it’s just stream of consciousness going to your pen.

**Craig:** Oh god, no. No, because I know it. Every morning, I don’t want to do this, which makes me bad. I never want to do things that are good for me. I’m a bad person. I’m no good. I’m hungry. I eat too much. I eat too much. I want to eat something that’s bad for me. I should stop. You know what? I’m going to have a breakfast salad. No, I’m not, lol, you fat bastard. Then I would do another two pages like that. Then I would weep. Then I would go ahead and have myself one of those nice eggwiches.

**John:** Eggwiches are delicious.

**Craig:** Love an eggwich.

**John:** Egg sandwich, so good.

**Craig:** Anyway, I’m not doing that, Megana. I don’t care.

**Megana:** I’m not telling you to.

**John:** Can you hold it up to the camera? We want to see what your handwriting looks like.

**Megana:** Let me find something that-

**John:** That’s not your private journal?

**Megana:** Yeah.

**John:** It’s like, please hold up your private journal to Zoom.

**Craig:** She’s like, “I hate John so much.”

**Megana:** You know what? This is actually Craig level. These are old notes from a couple of years ago that my writers’ group gave me.

**John:** I would describe these… It’s mostly printed, but some letters do connect together. I would say it’s written fairly big. There’s a lot of open space within letters. It’s really easy to read that.

**Craig:** Yes. It’s also evident that a woman wrote it. That is female handwriting.

**Megana:** I feel like boys are socialized to play, and I spent so much time just writing boys’ names in doodly hearts.

**Craig:** Boys don’t think that way.

**John:** Megana, how many different boys’ last names did you practice with on your Trapper Keeper growing up?

**Megana:** Oh my god, so many. I don’t understand on the Trapper Keeper, because then the boy would see it. It’s on loose-leaf at home.

**John:** Perfect. Which was the best last name you aspired to?

**Megana:** Gosh, this is so embarrassing. I think Barton and then using a lot of changing the vowels to be hearts.

**Craig:** Of course. Of course.

**John:** Perfect.

**Craig:** What is the deal with that A? It’s pretty common. I guess writing is vaguely gendered. It can be. My A is like a very normal A. The lowercase A is just a circle with then a little leg coming off the right. Then there’s what I think of as the girl A, which is this curlicue and then a little… It’s like a pregnant backwards R. Exactly. Where did that come from?

**John:** What it comes from, in print, in actual typeset print, that is an A.

**Craig:** We’re doing it wrong.

**John:** No, but what I think is it came from typeset print and some people just started doing it in actual normal writing. I don’t think it was a handwritten thing at first.

**Craig:** I think it’s just a cultural thing where girls will copy each other doing it.

**Megana:** I do remember seeing it and being like, “That’s beautiful,” and then a little voice in my head-

**Craig:** See, there you go.

**Megana:** … being like, “You can do that too.”

**Craig:** Or bubble writing.

**Megana:** There we go.

**Craig:** Oh, the bubble writing. I think that Megana Mazin is the best last name you could’ve played with, because think about it, you sound like Megan Amazin’.

**John:** Amazin’.

**Megana:** Megana Mazin.

**Craig:** It’s so good.

**Megana:** That is true.

**John:** Amazin’.

**Craig:** Megana Mazin.

**Megana:** The nice thing about Mazin is there’s an I, which gives you the opportunity for a heart above the I.

**Craig:** The heart dot.

**Megana:** Or a flower.

**Craig:** The heart dot or a flower. The flower is the friendship version. It’s the blue heart of red hearts.

**John:** Megana, when you were in school, did they still teach cursive?

**Megana:** They did teach cursive.

**John:** In Ohio?

**Megana:** Yes. I feel like I might’ve been one of the last people to learn cursive.

**John:** They’ve basically given up on it.

**Craig:** I don’t even know why they should be teaching handwriting at all. It’s gone. It’s over.

**John:** [inaudible 01:00:38].

**Megana:** Wait, when you guys were in school, did you learn how to make a cool S?

**John:** Yeah, you’re talking the super bad ass, looks like a rock star kind of thing?

**Megana:** Yeah.

**John:** The interconnected, the geometric-

**Craig:** Yes, the up, back, down, back, back, up.

**John:** That clearly is going to be the next Scriptnotes shirt.

**Craig:** It’s the Kiss S.

**John:** Yeah. The next Scriptnotes shirt will have to be-

**Craig:** Scriptnotes should have that. It should feel like that.

**John:** I learned cursive. For a while, my signature was the cursive J, which is that weird loop on top of a loop.

**Craig:** I like that J.

**John:** Then my friend Jason started doing this J that was just, “That’s cool. I’m going to steal that.”

**Craig:** Stealing it.

**John:** That’s now my signature.

**Craig:** My signature is cursive, but it’s evolved. If I do my name in proper cursive, so that’s my proper cursive name, which hopefully looks like-

**John:** Yeah, that looks like a Craig Mazin.

**Craig:** Now here’s the actual signature. It’s like every hard bit has been removed. All that’s left is C, G, and Z. You know what?

**John:** It works.

**Craig:** When we go to the Austin screenwriting thing and then they’re like, “Sign 400 of these.”

**John:** Wah wah wah, wah wah wah.

**Craig:** I watch somebody doing their very beautiful signature. I’m like, “You got to let that go.”

**John:** I have two different signatures. The top one here, which is the stolen J, is how I sign checks. It’s my legal signature. The other one looks Disney-like. It’s printy.

**Craig:** Oh yeah, look at that.

**John:** That’s what I sign for Arlo Finch books and everything else.

**Craig:** I’ll do my first name. When you do John and I’ll do Craig, it’s sort of print.

**John:** When we send out-

**Craig:** Like that.

**John:** … emails from the Scriptnotes account, which Craig never reads, we’ll send them out-

**Craig:** I didn’t even know that we did that.

**John:** We’ll send out to our Premium Members to say… Premium Members are the folks listening to this segment. We’ll say, “Hey, we’re doing a Three Page Challenge. Do you want to send stuff in?” It’s signed John and Craig. You wrote that eight years ago.

**Craig:** That’s like the version of when you listen to a TV show and you hear a laugh track and all those people are dead.

**John:** Exactly, that’s what it is. I think we originally did that for the USB drives. We used to have the episodes on the USB drives way back in the day.

**Craig:** You can probably sign checks using that with me. I think you’re allowed, just Craig.

**John:** Craig. Craig.

**Craig:** Who’s this from? Craig.

**Megana:** I do have to say I had a really nice experience recently. I got notes from John back, and he had made the notes on a pdf on your iPad. Is that right, John?

**John:** Yeah.

**Megana:** As I was scrolling through, I was like, “What is this circle that he’s made on the paper, or is this parentheses? Do I need parentheses in this place?” Then I realized it was a little heart.

**John:** I wrote little hearts in there.

**Megana:** It was so sweet.

**Craig:** Your hearts look like circles.

**John:** I think if I did it quickly it could look like a-

**Megana:** Some quick hearts.

**John:** Sloppy.

**Megana:** Then I had to go back, and I was like, “Oh my gosh, there’s hearts all over the place.”

**Craig:** There’s hearts all over the place.

**John:** There were hearts all over. It was a very good draft. There were things in there I really loved.

**Craig:** That’s great.

**Megana:** My heart exploded. I was so happy.

**Craig:** That’s great. Aw.

**John:** Aw.

**Craig:** I had a similar experience. You were there, Megana, when we talked through Bo’s script, which I really liked. What I do is I will just highlight using… I’ll do it in Notability. I’ll just use my highlighter and just make them green. It’s maybe not as emotional as a heart, but if there’s a lot of green, that’s good.

**John:** Good stuff. Good topic.

**Craig:** Great topic.

**John:** That pulled it out.

**Craig:** Fun.

**Megana:** Thank you.

**John:** Thanks, all.

**Craig:** Thank you guys.

**Megana:** Bye.

**Craig:** Bye.

Links:

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* [Judd Apatow, Shonda Rhimes and other Hollywood creators sign gun petition](https://www.nbcnews.com/pop-culture/celebrity/judd-apatow-shonda-rhimes-hollywood-creators-sign-gun-petition-rcna33509)
* [Magic ARRI ViewFinder](https://apps.apple.com/us/app/magic-arri-viewfinder/id1347132361) on the App store!
* [Alex Hirsch’s Gravity Falls Tweet](https://twitter.com/_AlexHirsch/status/1537314312926003201)
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* [Gift a Scriptnotes Subscription](https://scriptnotes.supportingcast.fm/gifts) or [treat yourself to a premium subscription!](https://scriptnotes.supportingcast.fm/)
* [Craig Mazin](https://twitter.com/clmazin) on Twitter
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* [Outro](http://johnaugust.com/2013/scriptnotes-the-outros) by Lachlan Marks ([send us yours!](http://johnaugust.com/2014/outros-needed))
* Scriptnotes is produced by [Megana Rao](https://twitter.com/MeganaRao) and edited by [Matthew Chilelli](https://twitter.com/machelli).

Email us at ask@johnaugust.com

You can download the episode [here](http://traffic.libsyn.com/scriptnotes/556standard.mp3).

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