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QandA

The problem of multiple screenwriters

September 10, 2003 Film Industry, QandA

On the first CHARLIE’S ANGELS, you came on after the original writers, and, though numerous writers worked on the script, you stayed on the whole time and were credited along with the first team (whose script, save for the opening scene, has no resemblance to the movie). On the second film you were the original writer, but another writing team came on after and shares screenplays credit. In the end, is it better to be the last writer on these types of projects?

–Barney

In the end, it’s better to be the only writer on a movie. That’s how it was with GO and BIG FISH, which turned out to be the best movies I’ve been involved with in any capacity. Unfortunately, One Writer per Movie doesn’t happen as often as it should. The problem is that any sort of absolute maxim – there must only be one screenwriter on a film – is unrealistic and probably detrimental.

The CHARLIE’S ANGELS movies show how the process works, for better and for worse.

I came on to CHARLIE’S ANGELS after the writing team of Ed Solomon & Ryan Rowe had done a draft. In fact, they weren’t even the first writers. The studio had hired others to write different versions as far back as the early 90’s. But Ed & Ryan wrote a brand new draft that had elements the studio liked, notably the opening sequence on the plane. The rest of their script revolved around cloning supermodels, and definitely reached further into the AUSTIN POWERS/MEN IN BLACK school of wide-angle comedy. I was brought on board when Drew Barrymore and Nancy Juvonen joined the project, with the mandate of finding not just a new plot, but a new tone.

I worked for the better part of a year on the script, which very closely mirrors the final movie. Just before production began, another producer informed me that they were planning to bring in a roundtable of comedy writers to “look for jokes.” After some heated words, I quit the project. During production, a revolving door of very talented writers came on board for a week at a time, making surprisingly few meaningful changes to the script. In the end, none of these subsequent writers sought credit on the movie, so Ed, Ryan and I agreed to share writing credit. It was all very civil.

I went into the sequel knowing it would be difficult. Although I have great affection for each member of the team individually, the combination of personalities makes it very turbulent – anyone on the production would agree with me. Both for the good of the project and for my emotional self-preservation, I adopted a judo-like attitude about my writing. I rolled with the changes, happy to try anything, and worked to build consensus among the many powerful voices. Ultimately, I was asked to squeeze the plot of the proposed third Charlie’s Angels (including the Madison Lee character) into the storyline, and I balked. The writing team of Cormac and Marianne Wibberley were hired to do the job, and did the best anyone could at an impossible task. I came back after them to patch some cracks, but ultimately remained frustrated the movie would be so overstuffed and underdeveloped.

Unlike the first movie, there wasn’t a slew of writers on the project, just two others. The arbitration for credit was remarkably civil, and the Wibberlys and I recorded a commentary track together for the DVD.

The CHARLIE’S ANGELS movies show the pros and cons of multiple writers on a project. The first movie would never have been made with Ed & Ryan’s script, so it’s hard to argue that hiring a subsequent writer (me) was detrimental. In my opinion, the second movie would have been considerably better had certain changes not been made, but if hiring other writers kept the production from falling apart, maybe that was ultimately for the best.

In the end, it’s hard for me to be too high-and-mighty about protecting the original writer. I’ve worked on BLUE STREAK, JURASSIC PARK III, MINORITY REPORT, THE RUNDOWN and other movies as the second, third or eighth writer. In many cases, it’s perfectly clear why these movies need rewriting. But I’ve refused work where I felt the studio was dumping a writer arbitrarily, and sought out the original writers wherever possible to find out what happened.

Co-producer credit

September 10, 2003 Producers, QandA

How did you get co-producer credit on GO? I know it was an original spec.
Is that enough to ask for producer credit, too? Alan Ball got it for AMERICAN
BEAUTY, another original.

I ask because I’ve acquired the rights to a comic book & I plan on writing
the script. The manager I was pitching it to said I’ll "never" get
producer credit because it’ll "set a bad precedent."

–Falzone

I got my co-producer credit on GO for three reasons. First, I asked for it.
No one is going to offer it to you out of the blue. Second, I sold my script
to a tiny company that couldn’t afford to pay me much, so they were much more
inclined to offer me something that didn’t cost them anything – and they didn’t
have any "precedents" to break. It’s extremely unlikely I could have
gotten that credit at a major studio, particularly on my first feature.

The third and most important reason I got the credit was that I did the work.
I was there for every casting session, every budget crisis and pretty much
every frame of film shot. I went through a dozen or more different cuts of
the movie, along with the trailer and the commercials. Being a co-producer
gave me enough authority to be involved in these decisions, but it came with
a load of responsibilities.

Does everyone with a co-producer credit do this much work? Unfortunately,
no. Producer credits are all too frequently handed out.

You’re right in assuming a spec script is a stronger position to be in when
negotiating for credit. As long as you have the option to walk away, a buyer
is more likely to give you what you want. (That’s also how Jessica
Bendinger got her co-producer credit for BRING IT ON.)

Rewriting an old movie

September 10, 2003 QandA, Rights and Copyright

I have an old movie that I’d absolutely love to rewrite. I was wondering how
you go about doing it. How do you find out who has the rights to the original
screenplay, and is there anything else I would need to do?

–John

Start by looking for what
company made the picture. On IMDb, look up the movie’s page, then click on "Company
Credits." The top entity listed is usually the place to start.

If the studio still exists, such as Columbia Pictures, there’s a very good
chance that they still own the remake rights to that movie. Call information
in Los Angeles to get their main phone number, then call it and ask for the
rights department. (It may have a different name, or be a subset of the legal
department, but every studio has somebody who handles exactly these kind of
rights.) Whoever you end up speaking with will probably have you fax over your
information request, then promptly lose that fax until you call them back and
pester them some more.

At this point, all you probably want to know is whether the company owns the
remake rights for that picture. If they do, it’s up to you to figure out your
next step, be that approaching the studio with your idea, or buying the studio’s
remake rights (with your money or someone else’s).

If the studio doesn’t own the remake rights, hopefully they know who does.
Repeat the process of calling/faxing/waiting until you find out exactly who
controls these rights.

What if the company who produced the original movie no longer exists? If the
movie is available on videotape or DVD, start with whatever company distributed
it. Call their home video department (very likely based in Los Angeles) and
ask to speak with somebody in their rights department. In order to distribute
the movie, they had to secure rights from somebody. Find out who that was.

If you’re at a dead end, with no more numbers to call, start going through
the names in the credit block. You can track down contact information for writers
through the WGA, directors through the DGA, and producers (sometimes) through
the Producers Guild of America. Of these three, producers are most likely to
have information about who controls the rights for their movies.

Keep in mind that just because someone says they own the remake rights, doesn’t
mean it’s necessarily true. You’ll need to have an experienced entertainment
lawyer review the chain of title to make sure all the i’s are dotted and all
the t’s crossed.

How much research does it take?

September 10, 2003 QandA, Writing Process

1. When you are working on characters or bits of plot, how
much do you research them? For example, if a character’s profession
played a major
role, would you feel compelled to learn everything you can about profession?

2. How far should a writer try to flesh out a character? I feel like in order
for my characters to be real (at least to me), I need whole life stories on
them. Is that necessary or even useful?

–Andrea Hammond

Your questions are very timely, because I’m currently deciding whether to
take on a project set in a very dangerous part of Africa. I love the idea of
the movie and the filmmakers involved, so the focus of my decision process
is whether I feel I could write the movie without physically going to the region.
I would classify myself as moderately adventurous, but I have no interest in
catching malaria or being shot in the head, both of which would be (remote)
possibilities if I were to travel there. And yet I love to write on location,
so I would probably go if given the chance.

On one hand, the idea of first-hand experience is a little silly. George Lucas
has never been in space, and even though James Cameron became an expert on
the Titanic, his movie was much more concerned with the love story he invented.

But there’s a lot to be said for research in pursuit of verisimilitude. Imagine
if Dr. Carter on E.R. referred to "that tube thing-y." Most of the
show’s writers aren’t medical doctors, just as the "Sopranos" writers
aren’t Mafia, but they’ve all learned enough of the appropriate lingo so that
we believe the characters really know what they’re talking about.

When fleshing out your characters, that level of detail should be your goal.
You don’t need to know everything, just enough to firmly place them in the
world.

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