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Scriptnotes Transcript

Scriptnotes, Ep 420: The One with Seth Rogen, Transcript

November 4, 2019 Scriptnotes Transcript

The original post for this episode can be found [here](https://johnaugust.com/2019/the-one-with-seth-rogen).

**Craig Mazin:** Hi friends. Today’s podcast contains some salty language so if you are in the car with the young ones put their earmuffs on or wait to listen to it later.

**John August:** Hello and welcome. My name is John August.

**Craig:** My name is Craig Mazin.

**John:** And this is Episode 420 of Scriptnotes, a podcast about screenwriting and things that are interesting to screenwriters.

So on September 9, 2019 at 1:09pm Chris Overcash tweeted, “@johnaugust @clmazin Can you guys have @sethrogen on for Episode 420?” Now, at 4pm Craig replies, “I’m down if he’s down.” And then at 4:03 I replied, “I’ve held off asking him until a live show, but this is a good idea.”

Then at 5:27pm Seth Rogen replied:

**Seth Rogen:** What did I say? Sure. I said, “OK.”

**Craig:** Yeah, OK.

**Seth:** Sure. Yeah, OK. Sounds like me.

**Craig:** Why move your fingers on a keyboard more than you need to?

**Seth:** Exactly.

**John:** Seth Rogen, welcome to Scriptnotes.

**Seth:** Thank you for having me.

**Craig:** This is great.

**John:** So I thought we might get into why was Chris Overcash even recommending you be on for Episode 420. What does 420 mean?

**Seth:** Well, I think to people who smoke weed it is a number associated with weed. It’s funny, you have some sort of explanation here. What I had always heard actually was an explanation more akin to like 187. Like I had heard that it was the police code some random place for weed.

**Craig:** For marijuana possession.

**Seth:** So like the code 420 and because of that people started smoking weed at 4:20 and it became an appropriated kind of thing.

**Craig:** But it’s not like, I mean, I guess you can’t really get an equivalent of 187. There is no 1:87 o’clock.

**Seth:** No, exactly.

**Craig:** So it wasn’t like there was a time to—

**Seth:** 2:27 I guess.

**Craig:** But this explanation actually – well, first of all, one question is but why would they be thinking of you, Seth Rogen? [laughs]

**Seth:** Exactly.

**Craig:** What do you have to do with this?

**Seth:** I get the joke.

**John:** Strong believer in like strict drug laws.

**Seth:** Yeah, exactly.

**John:** Craig, talk us through. We got this off of Wikipedia, so of course it’s 100% accurate.

**Seth:** Exactly.

**John:** But there were actually a lot of citations I removed from this. So, Craig, talk us through this explanation of 420.

**Craig:** I’ve got to tell you, it sounds credible. So as the story goes here on Wikipedia in 1971 there were five high school students. And I’m going to say their names because if this is true—

**Seth:** Yeah.

**Craig:** Steve Capper. Dave Reddix, Jeffrey Noel, Larry Schwartz, and Mark Gravich—

**Seth:** Or they’re just the people who edited this Wikipedia post and they’re like literally three 23 year olds who were bored.

**Craig:** Totally. Well there were four guys and then Mark Gravich just stuck his name on there. But this actually does sound like a group of guys I would have hung out in high school. I mean, I can actually see myself calling up Larry Schwartz.

So they were in San Rafael, California, and they called themselves the Waldos because they liked to hang out by a wall outside the school. This is like my friends. And they had a plan. This is cool. To search for an abandoned cannabis crop.

**Seth:** This sounds too cinematic.

**Craig:** Well, I mean, in 1971 I would imagine if you wanted to get high and you were in high school you had to find an abandoned crop. There weren’t dispensaries. I mean, what I went through in 1986 to get weed was kind of convoluted. So, they heard that there was this hidden cannabis crop and there was Beniamino Bufano’s 1940 Louis Pasteur statue on the grounds of San Rafael High School. That was their meeting place. And at 4:20pm, and their meeting time was 4:20pm, and so they referred to this plan with the phrase 4:20 Louis, or Louis if they didn’t have good accents.

And big surprise, they never found the secret crop. But, 4:20 just became a code word for getting high.

**John:** Getting high.

**Craig:** Yeah. And you know what? That’s as good of an explanation as anything.

**Seth:** It has a nice story to it. It sounds very – it sounds like some shit some people made up on Wikipedia. I don’t know.

**Craig:** Probably after getting high.

**Seth:** Yeah. Maybe I’m skeptical. Call me skeptical. It sounds too romantic for a story for that.

**John:** Well, it does sound like a movie. It sounds a little cinematic.

**Seth:** It would be lovely if that’s why it was called that. But it’s probably more likely that in Dayton, Ohio that’s the code for getting caught with weed.

**Craig:** Yeah. There was some very boring reason.

**Seth:** Exactly.

**John:** I thought we might start with that because it feels like if you saw this story How Would This Be a Movie. And so you have a group of characters together. They have this quest. There’s a thing they’re trying to do. It all falls apart. But they become folk heroes.

**Seth:** Instead they create a phrase that 50 years later.

**John:** Lives to this day.

**Craig:** And weirdly all of these guys work in the attorney general’s office now.

**Seth:** Exactly.

**Craig:** What a sad, sad thing for them.

**John:** Seth Rogen, you are a writer. You’re an actor, producer, and a director. If we listed all of your credits it would be longer than our hour-long show. So, just screenwriting wise Superbad, Pineapple Express, This Is the End. Neighbors 2, Sausage Party. TV credits, Undeclared, Preacher, The Boys. If you meet a stranger, and people probably recognize you, but every once and a while you probably meet somebody who doesn’t know what you do, they say what do you do, what do you say you do?

**Seth:** It depends. Probably, I mean, I say usually I’m an actor just because I seem crazy if I don’t lead with that in the off chance that they recognize me. I seem like I’m being elusive or a dick or something like that. So I don’t want like to do that. But I probably associate most with being a writer because it’s the thing I’ve done the longest and it’s the thing that I honestly think I’m the best at out of all those many things that I do. And I think, yeah, like the movies we’ve written I think specifically have probably stood the test of time more than the things that, you know, more than other things, you know.

**Craig:** Just like your acting, but you’re not the writer of it so you haven’t participated in the creation of the script.

**Seth:** Exactly. But a lot of the movies that we – that I make I’m a producer on in some capacity and so I also, you know, heavily – I’m involved in the writing process. [laughs]

**Craig:** That has to be pretty frustrating if you’re a writer and you’re given something and you don’t – or is there any kind of relief if you’re ever handed something to just go, “You know what? Just today I can just be an actor.”

**Seth:** Yeah. Definitely. For sure. If I like completely have a lot of faith in the people that I’m working with then it’s a real – it’s doing less jobs which is just easier. You know what I mean? So, yeah. Less work is easier. That’s my big revelation.

**Craig:** Is acting easy?

**John:** Craig is acting in a show now, so is it easy for you?

**Craig:** Well, I mean, but I’m not like an actor-actor.

**Seth:** I think like anything it’s what you make of it. So I think some people you can not work hard, or you can – I think some people don’t work – I’ve worked with some actors where I’m like, wow, this person is doing a lot more than I am. [laughs] But that doesn’t always translate into–

**Craig:** Good.

**Seth:** Into good.

**Craig:** Yeah, like quantity is not the goal.

**Seth:** No, effort isn’t necessarily – some things just like with writing. Some people can spend years working on something and it’s not good, and some people can write something over the course of a week and it’s a classic movie that you watch for years. So, I think, yeah, like anything, like for some people it’s easy. I’ve also worked with some amazing actors who like it’s a very labored process for them. And it’s not easy. And it’s not like something they casually do. It’s something they like really dump a lot into and the result is good as a result of it, you know.

**John:** So I have no understanding of where you actually started as a writer. So were you on – was it while you were doing Undeclared? What was your first writing-writing that you were doing for movies or television?

**Seth:** Well me and Evan, my writing partner, started writing Superbad like in high school basically. So that was our first, like we got – like my mom bought us Final Draft when we were like 13 or 14 basically. And so we would like go home after school and write, like yeah, we were trying to write a movie basically.

**John:** And so you’re that, but what was the first thing you got paid to write?

**Seth:** Undeclared. I got hired as a writer on Undeclared when I was 18. And I was an actor on the show as well. So I was like a writer and actor.

**John:** So it was that classic kind of The Office situation where people were hired as both actors and writers on the show? Was that always – you were always going to do both?

**Seth:** No. It was like wildly uncommon at the time. It was several years before The Office, so it was like not at all – it was 2001. So like I was probably one of the only like people who was writing and acting on a comedy TV show at the time that wasn’t like a sitcom, you know. And it was hard, but it was fun. But, yeah, no, that was not at all the case. Fox, because the show Undeclared was done in the wake of the cancellation of Freaks & Geeks and the Fox Network specifically was like we don’t want any actors from Freaks & Geeks on the show. And slowly Judd got like all the actors from Freaks & Geeks onto the show.

But like I just slowly worked my way in there basically and got myself–

**Craig:** You wanted to be in front of the camera I presume? I mean, it wasn’t like they were like, “Come on, man, you’d be great for this.”

**Seth:** No, not at all. When you look like me you have to really wield yourself in front the camera. [laughs] It doesn’t just happen.

**Craig:** The thing is I think—

**Seth:** It doesn’t just happen.

**Craig:** I do look like you, I think.

**Seth:** Exactly. And it doesn’t just happen. I created the climate where people like you can just stumble in front of the camera.

**Craig:** I suspect you are as inbred Jewish as I am.

**Seth:** Exactly. We have all the same problems.

**Craig:** Just like generations. Hip dysplasia. The usual.

**Seth:** No, I was actually just saying that the other day. The Cossacks really did their thing. Like they might not have wiped us all out in like 1919, but they made it that none of us can enjoy like a cup of milk.

**Craig:** That’s right.

**Seth:** And so the effects were long-lasting. Because you killed so many of us we all have to fuck each other and now we can’t have pizza and enjoy it really. It’ll give us a cold for days. So like you did your thing, Cossacks. Like in the long run you really did well.

**Craig:** I mean, they did sharpen our minds for certain things.

**Seth:** Exactly.

**Craig:** The medical field.

**Seth:** Yes. We inherited trauma that really did give us a fight or flight.

**Craig:** We can’t enjoy anything really. A cup of milk is the least of it. I mean, even good news is a problem.

**Seth:** Yeah, they got us.

**Craig:** They got us good.

**John:** So Undeclared you’re writing, Judd Apatow is executive producing that show?

**Seth:** Yes. He’s the creator of that show.

**John:** And so was it through him that you started writing your own stuff, or something like Superbad?

**Seth:** No. I had been working on Superbad for a long time. I got hired as a writer on Undeclared because of Superbad.

**Craig:** Because of Superbad.

**Seth:** Like I had shown Judd Superbad and Judd was at the time trying to help us produce it, but like no one wanted to make it. So, my whole approach – it was like slightly different, but I grew up – it was the era of sitcoms.

**Craig:** Seinfeld and—

**Seth:** Yeah. So there was like a real roadmap for like if you were a comedian like you could write your own sitcom and become an actor through that. And I didn’t love – I liked Seinfeld and stuff, but I didn’t love sitcoms. I loved movies. So I was like I’ll be a comedian who writes their own movies and maybe that can become my avenue to success basically. And that’s why – Superbad I wrote – I was supposed to be the lead of and it just took us so long to make that I aged ahead of that role and Jonah Hill did a much better job than I would have playing—

**Craig:** You were so good.

**Seth:** Playing my role. Exactly. And it was one of those things where I’m like, oh, Jonah is a much more talented actor than I am. And like he did much better than I would have with the same role. Honestly. And we had done many readings with the material and like, yeah, and he really brought it to life in a way that I wouldn’t have.

**Craig:** Which is so strange because you’re writing, I mean, you’re a 13-year-old. First of all, you and Evan are the only 13 year olds who ever came home from school and wrote something that actually was good. You’re the only ones. Two. Two of you in the history of mankind. Not that 13 year olds shouldn’t try. You should.

**Seth:** It took a long time. There are some jokes in the movie that we wrote when we were 13.

**Craig:** I am so obsessed, particularly in comedy. So, you write god knows how many drafts, but then they’re also just revisions of individual lines and then the day comes along and there’s a billion versions that day, and then editing happens. And I’m obsessed with those very few jokes that make it all the way from the very beginning to the final cut of the movie. It’s like there’s three usually. So the fact that you had one from 13. Do you remember which one it was?

**Seth:** There was a lot actually from when we were 13.

**Craig:** That’s amazing.

**Seth:** That were like – because it was stuff – some of it was just stuff that would happen to us in high school. So like we would write it into the movie when it happened. And so it just hung out basically. Like a lot of the fake ID stuff, we were all trying to get fake IDs. So a lot of that was ripped from our lives. And the McLovin thing, honestly I think the idea that a guy–

**Craig:** McLovin was real?

**Seth:** No. But the joke that a guy goes and gets a fake ID and comes back with one word and it’s McLovin on it, I think we came up with that when we were 13 or 14 years old. It was from one of the very early incarnations of the script. So yeah, there’s stuff like that. Every once and a while on social media someone reposts a scene from Superbad or something like that and for some weird reason gets a lot of attention. And, yeah, me and Evan were talking about. It’s so weird. We thought of that McLovin joke when we were fucking children.

**Craig:** That’s incredible.

**Seth:** And it’s still a joke people really seem to enjoy.

**Craig:** I do.

**John:** So we’re talking about Evan a lot. So Evan is Evan Goldberg, your writing partner back from age 13 up till now. So you guys are still writing together. When you guys were writing together back then or now, what is the process? Are you together in a room working on stuff?

**Seth:** Yeah.

**John:** OK. So it’s not like you’re splitting up scenes and taking different stuff.

**Seth:** No we inherently like and always have kind of led different lives. Like I moved to LA when I was 16. He finished high school and went to college and that whole time we were working together. I’d go off to act in movies sometimes. He has a family. He has kids. I don’t have kids. So inherently there are moments in our life where one person is out of town for a week so the other person is writing the stuff we were both supposed to be working on just alone. And then we’ll send it to each other. But like 90% of the time we’re like in the same room with each other. Or we’ll talk on the phone with the same thing.

**Craig:** With the same thing. Which you can do now.

**Seth:** And work together.

**Craig:** Which is nice.

**Seth:** It is nice. Because we’ve been doing that for 20 years and it was not as graceful of a process.

**Craig:** Not as easy to do. Put two of you together in a room, who is on the keyboard?

**Seth:** We take turns.

**Craig:** That’s cool.

**Seth:** Totally. We write very similarly to how we have for a very long time. I think we try to write different things, so like inherently the process changes because we try not to just write like high school movies over and over. And then like with Pineapple Express, it was like an action movie so that was very different and it was like a whole different set of kind of muscles that we had never done before. And we worked on Sausage Party for years, it was an animated movie. So that was very different as well.

**Craig:** So sick. So sick.

**Seth:** So yeah, This Is the End was kind of like a horror movie that was very different and had a lot of different elements. So, yeah, I think every time we write – and we just wrote an adaptation of a comic book Invincible which is not really a comedy, which was fun to do. And we’re writing right now what’s largely a silent movie. So it’s like been a really different process because there’s no talking. And we’re basically storyboarding the whole movie.

**Craig:** That’s cool.

**Seth:** The script is like storyboards basically.

**Craig:** It’s kind of interesting that the two of you grow together. Because human beings, no matter how well they fit together at any point in their lives we grow at different speeds and our interests change and our minds change. And even when it comes to writing I think some people are the kind of people that are just who they are right out of the gate and that’s how they stay. And other people sort of grow and change and go up or down. It seems like you guys just have been moving together.

**Seth:** Yeah. I think like any good relationship, we’ve been growing together.

**Craig:** That’s kind of great.

**Seth:** I also think we’re very respectful of one another in that sometimes our tastes do change a little bit. And there are probably things that we both maybe would have been enthusiastic about making ten years ago and now one of us is like, “Meh, I don’t really want to do that now.” And it’s like a veto thing. If one of us doesn’t want to do it then we don’t do it.

**Craig:** It’s over.

**Seth:** And it’s fine. We only want to work on things that both of us are enthusiastic about so I think inherently things come up every now and then. But that’s also why it’s nice to have a production company because then there can be projects where it’s like, OK, I’ll kind of head up producing this if we’re not going to write it or direct. It’s something we can still make and you don’t have to work on it that much. You know what I mean? And that goes both ways as well.

So, yeah, it’s been nice. The production company has been a good outlet for us to kind of express ourselves in ways that maybe aren’t as interesting to the other person.

**Craig:** Right. So you individualize.

**Seth:** And allow us that when we focus on something it’s really because we both want to spend years and years of our lives, you know, working on.

**John:** Well let’s talk about production because like you guys made The Boys for Amazon which was fantastic. I just loved that.

**Craig:** That thing has taken over. It’s pretty amazing.

**John:** That thing was great. But also I felt like it was a really challenging adaptation I’m guessing because the comic book was from a certain time but the series that you ended up making was very, very 2019. It was in a universe where there is the Marvel universe and it was very aware of that. So, how do you approach that as a producer or as a person coming in to make this television show? Where do you start?

**Seth:** I mean, you start by hiring a showrunner who seems like they have a good handle on the material honestly. Like we, you know, the producers can help guide things and we have obviously loud voices in any given room, but we’re also respectful of the fact that like kind of whoever spends the most time working on a thing should have like a proportional say over that thing. Unless you think it’s just like things are going off the fucking rails basically, you know.

So Eric Kripke was just really – honestly when he first – I don’t think he had ever read The Boys before we met him. And he just seemed like a guy that at first we really liked and then when we started talking to the show about him we really seemed to be on the same page and it changed a lot. And that’s the other thing is also like with TV the thing I’ve seen more than anything is where you start is like nowhere close to where you end. So the specifics honestly are irrelevant. It’s really could you see yourself working with this person for years and years and years to come.

**Craig:** For a long time. Right.

**Seth:** And that truthfully is like when I look at the TV shows we’ve done has been like what we’ve done a good job with. We have very good relationships with the people who produce them and we are respectful of them. And with The Boys, you know, we had a lot of opinions because we were huge fans of the comic and it took us years and years and years to get the comic. So, meeting with – finding someone who had aligned tonal sensibilities with us was very important. And that was most of the work on our part was like meeting Eric, being like, oh, the version of the show he seems enthusiastic about making tonally is something that we would be psyched about.

And that was a large part of it. And all the specifics changed and what the pilot was that we went out and pitched. Like completely does not resemble the thing that we ultimately ended up making, you know. But it was more like, OK, I like this person and they seem to have a grasp – they seem to want to make the same show we want to make in general. And that is mostly it. And then it’s, you know, I think helping hire people. We have a very movie-ish sensibility and so I think that was like something that we could help out with was just making sure that we hired a great director and great costume people and great cinematographers to really set a tone of quality that would and production value that would last throughout the series. And that was something that we helped out with a lot I think was really just trying to instill the should and can if we hire the right people look as good as the things we’re kind of making fun of which it needs to in order to really function in the best way possible.

**Craig:** Well it seems like, and I’m wondereth, the way you guys do this is a function of the way you were kind of raised in the business which is to find people that you creatively trust and let them do what they do and support them as you can. It doesn’t always work that way.

**Seth:** It was one of the most interesting moments of my career that I really remember is like I was – I had been working with Judd a little bit on Superbad as a writer, like during Freaks & Geeks. And there was a few months between when Freaks & Geeks ended and Undeclared kind of got going. And he would help and he’d give notes and stuff like that. And then I started writing on Undeclared and I would turn in outlines and he would give notes. And I didn’t get that now I had to listen to the notes.

**Craig:** Right. It was a job now.

**Seth:** I remember going into his office and being like, “Do I have to?” I had like a marked up script that he had given me on something I had written. I’m like, “Do I have to do all this stuff?” He’s like, “Yes. My show.” Like you’ve got to do it. And then in parallel to that–

**Craig:** That’s kind of adorable actually.

**Seth:** Exactly. Parallel to that we’d be working on Superbad and he would give suggestions and he would always be like, “But it’s your movie. So if you don’t want to do it, don’t do it.”

**Craig:** That sense of this is mine, that’s yours.

**Seth:** Exactly. And so that was actually something that I totally got and that I really liked and that made sense to me and that we have kind of tried to bring forward in our producing was like, OK, whoever has ownership over it has ownership over it. And you should respect that. And it’s not always the person who is writing it. Sometimes it’s the producer. Sometimes it is the writer. Sometimes it’s the director. It’s different on different movies kind of.

**Craig:** Figuring out who that person is sometimes is a little tricky.

**Seth:** Yeah. And that has been the thing that has been like what we look for more than anything when we now produce a movie or a TV show is who has ownership over this. Who is the person who is fighting for a specific perspective here? And only in very rare instances can it be like a collective people. There are some people we’ve worked with where it really can be. And it is like, oh, the three of us have ownership over it and it is some combination of the actor and director and producer. They’re the ones who get this. Or it’s the writer and the actor and the director and they’re the ones who get it. And as long as people are respectful of that and seem to recognize it. And I have seen that work. It’s just a lot harder than if there’s one person who is like I get this.

**John:** Craig and I have gone in on productions where a movie is just a difficult situation and there are multiple people who all have power and control. And some of the reason why we are the kind of people who are brought in on those situations is we can navigate those power structures and can sort of understand what’s happening there. And that’s not easy.

**Craig:** That’s the job right?

**Seth:** It is a lot of the job is to see like whose is this.

**Craig:** Whose is this?

**Seth:** It’s often not whose you think it is.

**Craig:** It almost never is who you think it is. And the problem is that person who you think it is, they think it’s them too.

**Seth:** Exactly.

**Craig:** But it’s not. In fact, that’s probably why the movie is in trouble. And then people – there’s so much – I’ve always said like at least in features there’s a certain level of screenwriter when you come in for a movie that’s in trouble. You actually have to become all of these things at the same time. You have to become a producer. Like a quiet producer, quiet director, quiet studio executive. Without letting anybody know that you’re doing that and without stepping on anyone’s toes. Do you guys do some of those weeklies?

**Seth:** Uh-huh.

**Craig:** And do you like that experience?

**Seth:** Sometimes.

**Craig:** The money is good.

**Seth:** It is. Yeah. We do it sometimes. I did some last year a little bit after Evan had had his baby just because I had nothing to do for a month. It’s interesting. It’s fun. It is fun. In a way it’s not something that like I love. Like sometimes it’s a bit of a pain in the ass sometimes. But it’s also very educational. As someone who just like is interested in movies and how they get made and what goes wrong and what goes right and, you know, the various obstacles that things overcome, or don’t. Yeah, like it’s always fascinating and that element of it I like. And they’re often the types of movies that we don’t make. And we’re like being brought in to add comedy to this thing. The type of thing we would never do in a million years or things like that. Or help structurally with something that is again something–

**Craig:** I like it when they say add comedy because they’re understanding is you can just add it like a glaze on top. I’m like that’s not how comedy works.

**Seth:** You can add a little like that. But you can’t add a lot like that.

**Craig:** No. It just doesn’t work that way.

**Seth:** That’s what we say. We say that. Truthfully we can make anything a little funnier, just with dialogue. But we can’t make it a lot funnier unless you have fundamental conflict that is interesting–

**Craig:** Characters, conflict, tone.

**Seth:** That’s the thing that people don’t seem to get the most is like without conflict nothing is funny. And they’re always trying to get us to make things funny in scenes where there’s no conflict. And so it’s always just like it’s a struggle – we’re more than happy to make this funny but we have to start structurally changing things.

**Craig:** They think lines. That’s my favorite. They’re like maybe there’s some ADR. I’m like let me stop you right there. There isn’t. Ever.

**Seth:** Exactly.

**Craig:** Why would you have a funny line off-screen?

**Seth:** I won’t say never. I don’t think that’s true honestly. We’ve had–

**Craig:** You can do it?

**Seth:** I know for a fact that some of – there are ADR lines in our movies that get as big laughs as any line in the movie. You would never in a million years–

**Craig:** But they’re in your movies.

**Seth:** Yes. Exactly.

**Craig:** You see what I’m saying? You go into somebody else’s movie–

**Seth:** Hard to add to someone else’s. We’ve done it a few times here and there. But it’s hard. And it’s like not something I would rely on.

**Craig:** No. Not at all.

**Seth:** If anything it can just help a little bit. But, yeah, it’s tough.

**John:** All right. Well rather than fixing other people’s movies, let’s think about some movies of our own. So we have a segment called How Would This Be a Movie where we take a look at some stories in the news and figure out how to make them into movies.

**Craig:** The news is so boring right now.

**John:** Nothing is happening. So we’re recording this on Tuesday and like as we’re recording a little news alert came up saying Pelosi recommends impeachment.

**Craig:** Yep. Maybe our president is getting impeached.

**John:** Yeah. So, that could be next week’s topic.

**Craig:** That’ll be next week’s story.

**John:** Four stories. Only one of them is long. This first one is the long one. Jerry Falwell’s Aides Break Their Silence. So more than two dozen current and former Liberty University officials describe a culture of fear and self-dealing at the largest Christian college in the world. So it centers around Jerry Falwell Jr. who is the son of Sr., big Jerry.

**Seth:** I think like a lot of dramatic movies this article felt like it deserved more length than it did. [laughs]

**Craig:** It was lengthy.

**Seth:** It felt as though it was a little more interesting than it was. Like the headline could have been like Con-Artist Idiot is Con-Artist Idiot. Conned many. Was idiot.

**Craig:** Yes. I have to agree.

**Seth:** Wow! Jerry Falwell Jr. isn’t all he said he is? Oh no!

**John:** Cannot believe it.

**Seth:** Liberty College is a scam? Oh no!

**Craig:** I kind of had the same vibe. I was like this is – oh, it’s still going.

**John:** There’s a lot there.

**Craig:** I mean, once you have the one incident of him self-dealing with his friend, sending money from Liberty University to a friend’s business and then doing weird kickbacks, you know, and you know what? It’s actually good to see that there’s a pattern. He does it twice or three times. By the ninth time.

**Seth:** Yeah, you’re like, “I get it.”

**Craig:** You’re starting to wheeze a little bit.

**Seth:** And if you ever thought that Jerry Falwell was – like who thought this guy wasn’t doing this?

**Craig:** Who is this article for?

**Seth:** Well, it was written by someone who went to Liberty College.

**John:** That’s also what I found so fascinating.

**Seth:** That was the whole thing where it’s like, A, that doesn’t seem like it should be allowed. That’s allowed? It’s like is that how journalism works? Where it’s like I got conned by this guy. I’m going to write an article about how messed up that is. I thought that’s not how that works. But apparently it is.

**John:** So the article is by Brandon Ambrosino writing for Politico. He was a student there. There were some good quotes in there that I singled out. This is one about Becki Falwell. “You know there’s a head of every family,” said a former university employee who worked closely with Becki Falwell for years.

**Seth:** I liked this line. This was a good line.

**John:** “But what turns the head? The neck. She’s the neck that turns the head wherever she wants it.”

**Craig:** She’s the neck.

**Seth:** The neck.

**Craig:** I like The Neck. It’s like a mobster name.

**Seth:** Becki the Neck.

**Craig:** Becki the Neck Falwell.

**Seth:** Becki the Necky.

**Craig:** That was pretty good. You say a mobster and it also reminded me a bit of Succession. The sense of like who is going to take over the mantle of Jerry Falwell Sr.?

**Seth:** What a mantle!

**John:** Yes. But I mean growing this business from $259 million to $3 billion.

**Seth:** That’s true.

**Craig:** Do you know I met Jerry Falwell? When I was in college I worked on like a public affairs radio program and we would just interview anybody we could. And we got Jerry Falwell. And we met with him. He was like in an airport. So we recorded him in an airport and, you know, I was 18.

**Seth:** Known for their sound quality.

**Craig:** Correct. So you can imagine. Well we were in a lounge.

**Seth:** OK.

**Craig:** We weren’t like at Gate 30B. But, you know, I’m 18 and I don’t like Jerry Falwell and maybe that’s why subconsciously my brain malfunctioned and I introduced him as Jimmy Falwell. I think it’s probably because Jimmy – what was the guy, “I have sinned.” Jimmy Swaggart.

**John:** Oh that’s right.

**Craig:** He was in the news. Anyway, it started poorly.

**Seth:** Started bad.

**Craig:** And it just didn’t get better. It just didn’t get better because most of my questions were basically thinly veiled 18-year-old college kid questions like why are you a dick.

**Seth:** Why don’t you do anything good?

**Craig:** Why do you keep saying bad things and doing bad things? So yeah, you know, there is a slight Succession. The problem is Succession has this amazing set up where you have these viperous children who are all incredibly competent in their own ways and incompetent in their own ways. In this case you’ve got these two sons, one of whom everybody is like, “Well he’s kind of the religious one.” That one immediately gets his head lopped off in a very anti-Christian way. And then the sort of like snakey one wins instantly. And it doesn’t even seem like the other one put up much of a fight there did he? Like Jesus would not have put up a fight.

**Seth:** And then he just got caught. And then a big Politico article came out exposing him.

**Craig:** Right.

**Seth:** Like two years later. Right after it all happened.

**Craig:** I do like that he goes to clubs.

**Seth:** I know. With those glow necklaces. That was the funniest part is like—

**Craig:** That’s the other problem is that it’s so – like their problem at Liberty University is you’re not allowed to have coed mingling or drinking. So the big scandal for that is that he’s somewhere with – but he’s not like snorting heroin off of somebody’s mouth.

**Seth:** That’s the whole thing. The revelations are pretty tame honestly.

**Craig:** It’s run of the mill fraud.

**Seth:** Yeah. Like you’re silly for not thinking this is happening.

**Craig:** What is it? Idiot con-artist is idiot con-artist? [laughs]

**Seth:** Yeah. It’s just like, yeah, that to me was like – it was a lot to explain a little.

**Craig:** Well, sometimes when you have a personal connection to something you will – your ax grinder will take over and you go like I need another 40,000 words.

**Seth:** For sure.

**John:** So RedFinch which sounds like a made up company but is actually a real company, they do SEO and sort of search engine fixing. So basically sweeping away data things.

**Seth:** I liked that.

**John:** That was an interesting angle on it.

**Craig:** That was the guy that spread the money out on his bed?

**John:** Yes.

**Seth:** Also idiots.

**Craig:** I mean, my god. Your job is to get rid of bad press and you think you should put that on Instagram? That’s kind of disqualifying.

**Seth:** People are not smart. The older you guy you realize how stupid everyone is.

**Craig:** Idiot con-artists.

**John:** Instagram is also a factor with this trainer Ben Crosswhite.

**Craig:** Right.

**John:** Who is through this and what the relationship is there. And why you’re giving your 23-year-old trainer a gym?

**Craig:** You sell them a cheap gym and also Jerry Falwell Jr. allegedly sent pictures of his own wife, Becki the Neck, in a French maid costume to the trainer which feels super like three-way to me. It just feels three-way.

**Seth:** But again it’s not all there. It’s such a tame scandal.

**Craig:** Yeah.

**Seth:** It sounds like a scandal that’s really like sketchy to a dude who went to Liberty College.

**Craig:** That’s honestly so true. Because we live in a time where Anthony Weiner gets busted for sending dick pics twice. This is like, no, no, she’s clothed.

**Seth:** Exactly. In a French maid costume.

**Craig:** Right. From a 1950 Playboy.

**Seth:** It’s like a Looney Tunes scandal.

**Craig:** That’s actually an amazing – you know what? That is an interesting movie is the idea of–

**Seth:** Guy thinks a scandal is really tawdry when it’s not.

**Craig:** Yes. You’re a Liberty University reporter on the verge of blowing open the biggest scandal in history. It’s actually kind of sweet.

**John:** Like he was caught smoking or something.

**Craig:** It’s legitimately sort of sweet. I like that.

**Seth:** I like that, too.

**John:** All right. Next one, very different. This is about mysterious cattle slayings.

**Seth:** This was a good one.

**John:** Mysterious cattle slayings in Oregon.

**Craig:** Chills.

**John:** Mutilations alarm ranchers. When the first bull was found dead on Silvies Valley, 140,000 acres ranch, the farm thought nothing of it. But when they found four more bulls dead within the same 24-hour period they knew something was awry. The bulls were between four and five years old, the prime of their lives, each lying on their side as if they’d laid themselves down to die. But all the bulls had their tongues and genitals precisely removed.

**Craig:** That was genitals he said. Genitals. By the way, the first time they saw one of their bulls–

**Seth:** With its tongue and genitals removed.

**Craig:** They went, meh.

**Seth:** This shit happens I guess. Four of them? No! That’s weird.

**Craig:** This is actually cutting into inventory.

**Seth:** And it’s tied to – it happened in the ‘70s.

**John:** Yes.

**Craig:** It happened before.

**Seth:** That’s the cool part.

**Craig:** That is the cool part. So the first thing is like, OK, tongue and genitals, this feels sort of satanic.

**Seth:** Alien. I think alien. Well because the whole thing is they’re like they don’t know how they killed them.

**Craig:** That’s the question. How did they – because a bull is kind of hard to lie down gently.

**John:** Yeah. You think poison, but there’s no toxicology evidence so far.

**Seth:** Who is out there poisoning bulls? That’s fucking crazy. You’re going to poison a bull? What? Has that ever happened?

**Craig:** Apparently thousands of times.

**Seth:** Yeah. But I don’t think – it seems weird.

**Craig:** I think it’s gas.

**Seth:** People are out there gassing bulls?

**Craig:** You can chloroform a bull. If you come up right behind him.

**Seth:** That’s crazy. No one is doing that.

**Craig:** With a rag.

**Seth:** That’s not what it is. Aliens. 100% aliens.

**Craig:** People are talking the bulls into it. That’s what it is.

**Seth:** They’re talking them into suicide. Self-mutilation.

**Craig:** You know, with enough negging, kind of manipulation you can get a bull to lie down.

**Seth:** It’s fully alien. This is alien shit.

**Craig:** But why would aliens want tongues and bull dicks?

**Seth:** That’s the question.

**Craig:** That’s the real question. Because you’d think they’d have enough.

**John:** Yeah. That’s the question you ask in the trailer so people will have to see the movie.

**Seth:** They’re perverted aliens. I’m the guy to write this movie.

**Craig:** Yeah, I feel like you are actually.

**Seth:** If aliens are stealing things dicks. This is way up my alley.

**Craig:** Get me Rogen.

**John:** So there’s an X-Files version of this movie. But there’s also a weird – there’s a Sausage Party animated version of this movie.

**Seth:** There is. There’s a funny comedy movie version.

**John:** Like there’s an accidental bull fighter movie. Like there’s actually a mistake.

**Craig:** There’s a Silence of the Lambs but it’s just with bulls.

**Seth:** Is it a serial killer? Like a Mindhunter.

**Craig:** It’s a bull that’s a serial killer. Or a cow.

**Seth:** It’s like a cross between Sausage Party and Mindhunter.

**Craig:** Correct. It’s like Babe meets Silence of the Lambs. So, like the cow lures the bull, lies them down.

**Seth:** That’s not a successful movie. But it’s a movie I would like to go see.

**Craig:** I’m just talking to the audience in front of me. No, I mean, this is actually–

**Seth:** It’s a cool story.

**Craig:** The problem with these things though, it feels like an episode of something right?

**John:** It does.

**Craig:** Because it’s so gross.

**Seth:** It is gross.

**Craig:** They showed a picture, which was the tamest possible picture they could show. And it was still gross.

**Seth:** Yeah, it’s gross.

**Craig:** I mean, I don’t want to think about bull balls.

**Seth:** See, I do.

**John:** Is there a cow-tipping quality to it? Is there something like–?

**Craig:** Is that real by the way? I don’t think it’s a real thing.

**Seth:** I don’t either.

**John:** We can look on Scopes right now.

**Seth:** But chloroforming bulls is very–

**John:** 100%.

**Seth:** People are out there doing. [laughs]

**Craig:** Sometimes when you need to move a bull along.

**Seth:** Exactly.

**Craig:** The key is sneaking up.

**Seth:** It’s almost too weird. It’s one of those stories that someone would tell me and be like this happened. You should make a movie out of it. And I have to explain that just because it’s real doesn’t mean it’s a good movie. And sometimes real things are so weird that they couldn’t be a movie. And that’s what this is. This is too weird to be a movie. You would never write that. You would never be like, “You know what would make a cool movie? Bulls’ dicks and tongues are gone from the ‘70s and then now again.” It’s too weird. People would be like that’s too weird a plot.

**Craig:** That’s what 13-year-olds write and it doesn’t work out.

**Seth:** And it doesn’t work out.

**John:** I think this could be a moment in another movie. Like this is a scene or a—

**Seth:** It’s a Close Encounters.

**John:** It’s a small segment within a bigger movie.

**Seth:** It’s the boat in the desert in Close Encounters.

**Craig:** All of their dicks are gone.

**Seth:** Dun-dun-dun. Point where they took the thing and then it’s a whole village of people pointing at their dicks.

**Craig:** And then one person goes, “Also gone.” Well once you said dicks we don’t really care about the tongue. The tongue is – you should have led with tongue and then go to dicks, because this is the least dramatically aware village.

**Seth:** Their tongues are gone. And their dicks!

**Craig:** Yeah. Now we’re talking OK. Yeah. I agree.

**Seth:** It’s too weird.

**Craig:** It’s like that thing in Canada where feet keep washing ashore in Vancouver.

**Seth:** Oh, I’m from Vancouver and so I’m very aware of that.

**Craig:** So you know the feet thing?

**Seth:** Yes, I do know the feet thing.

**John:** They know what’s happening there.

**Seth:** Do they?

**John:** They do. Actually that’s a true thing. That’s actually been solved.

**Seth:** No it hasn’t.

**Craig:** I don’t think so.

**Seth:** So what happened?

**John:** I believe.

**Seth:** Was it you? They solved it. It was me. [laughs] You guys didn’t hear? I’m using this podcast to confess to the foot thing.

**John:** Craig knows that sometimes when I hear of a murder I’ll stop and think like, “You guys do that?”

**Seth:** You confess to it.

**Craig:** I mean, admittedly John looks like a murderer.

**Seth:** Caught myself confessing to it.

**Craig:** He definitely looks like a murderer.

**John:** Here’s what’s happening with the feet and why only feet are washing up. People are dying somewhere. That’s true. But when bodies decompose under water they break apart.

**Seth:** And the feet—

**John:** And the sneakers. They’re all sneakers. And sneakers float.

**Seth:** Oh.

**John:** And so sneakers float up and that’s why only sneakers are washing–

**Craig:** Why are – so in other words—

**Seth:** So someone is killing a lot of people.

**Craig:** Dumping them in the water and then the feet come out.

**John:** Yes. But it could also be people on the other side of the world drowning or like trying to cross—

**Craig:** Can’t you tell from the sneakers?

**John:** Sometimes they can.

**Craig:** My wife always knows when people are from another country because she goes, “Look at their sneakers.” Weird off-brand sneakers.

**Seth:** A lot of weird sneakers.

**Craig:** Like the colors are wrong.

**Seth:** Weird. So this one spot has just become like a riptide for decomposed feet.

**Craig:** So Kitsilano.

**Seth:** Kitsilano.

**Craig:** Kitsilano. The severed foot capitol of the world.

**Seth:** My sister lives blocks away from there.

**Craig:** I love that area.

**Seth:** It’s a great neighborhood.

**Craig:** That’s your UPC right?

**Seth:** Yep. Very weird.

**John:** The Holiday Burglar. 82-year-old Samuel Sabatino spent his holiday weekends driving from his home in Florida to Manhattan where he would slip past doormen in luxury apartment buildings to go on burglary sprees.

**Seth:** This one is the best movie.

**John:** Yeah. He would carry an empty black bag. Take the elevator to the top floor and then look for signs that a resident was out of town, like stack of packages or newspapers. He’d break in and steal jewelry, watches, wedding rings, and gold. Committed at least 10 burglaries. Over $400,000 in stolen goods. Law enforcement agents finally found him living under a fake alias. They used nanny cams and tracked his car and tracked him down in Florida. Tell us about this movie.

**Seth:** I think it’s a good movie. I think this is a good movie. I like anything like a lonely old person is great right off the bat.

**Craig:** You’ve got a character.

**Seth:** About Schmidt. Imagine About Schmidt and he decided to start robbing people. That would be such a great movie.

**Craig:** Plus there’s something really interesting about the invisibility of an—

**Seth:** Of an old person. Yeah.

**Craig:** Of an old man. Because doormen generally don’t just let you waltz in.

**Seth:** But people ignore old people. Especially like, hey, I think thematically it’s great because we live in a culture where especially old people are very undervalued.

**Craig:** Yeah.

**Seth:** And a guy decides to use that to his advantage and starts to rob people.

**Craig:** Then the question is like, he’s 85?

**John:** 82.

**Seth:** What does he do with it?

**Craig:** And also just the effort.

**Seth:** Yeah. But he’s just trying to live. He wants to live one more time.

**Craig:** This is his job. He doesn’t want to quit. He doesn’t want to lay down. The second you stop working you die.

**Seth:** Or he finds himself good at it. Maybe he always followed the rules his whole life. And he wants to finally do something for himself as he gets older or something like that.

**Craig:** There you go.

**John:** It’s also happening at Christmastime, so that feels like a good environment for this to happen. So what is our story though? We have a situation – we have a central character.

**Seth:** I picture it being like The Mule. It’s like a Clint Eastwood movie kind of maybe. Yeah. I picture it being – maybe it’s kind of like that.

**Craig:** I mean there is that Sunshine Gang, you know, it was a ‘70s like three old guys, George Burns, Art Carney.

**Seth:** There’s been a bunch of movies where old guys. Remember Wise Guys with who was it, Kirk Douglas.

**Craig:** Old Criminals. Burt Lancaster maybe?

**Seth:** Burt Lancaster and Kirk Douglas maybe.

**Craig:** Possibly, yeah. Old guys doing crimes.

**Seth:** Old guys doing crimes is a genre. That’s that graft movie that came out with Morgan Freeman. That was an old guy crime movie.

**Craig:** We’re probably due. But I like the Christmas vibe of this, because that’s when people are loneliest.

**Seth:** But I think The Mule is actually a better old guy crime movie than any of those other movies because it takes itself quite seriously. It’s not like – it’s a little wacky, goofy old guy crime, but it’s mostly about that it’s a sad old guy that’s trying to feel important again, which is way more interesting than “let’s see if we’ve still got it.” You know?

**Craig:** Right.

**Seth:** And I think that’s a better angle I think.

**Craig:** It’s like a Walter White in 30 years. He doesn’t die. But 30 years after retirement he comes out of retirement.

**John:** So we have one character. Who else is in the movie? Who are the other characters we’re going to follow?

**Seth:** His family? Obviously his family. I basically want to rip off The Mule.

**Craig:** They stashed him in an old age home.

**John:** Except the family is in the 50s mostly.

**Seth:** He’s in Florida, so it seems like where you would go to retire basically.

**Craig:** You’re forced to retire.

**Seth:** Yeah. I think he lived in New York and he was stuck away in Florida and no one visits him and he’s alone.

**Craig:** I think, you know—

**Seth:** Maybe it ends with him robbing his own family. Maybe that’s the third act.

**Craig:** Oh, I like that.

**Seth:** Maybe that’s like the big set piece.

**Craig:** I like a romance. You know, they keep saying that there’s this explosion of sexually transmitted diseases—

**Seth:** Among old people.

**Craig:** Yeah.

**Seth:** Old people can get it now.

**Craig:** Which gives me hope. I mean, not that I want an STD.

**Seth:** You want an old person STD. It gives you hope because you’ve been hoping to get an STD from an old person. [laughs]

**Craig:** I’ve been chasing.

**Seth:** Yes, finally.

**Craig:** Haven’t had a nibble.

**Seth:** For years you’ve been saying.

**Craig:** Where’s my rash?

**Seth:** Get a rash from an old man.

**Craig:** Never happened.

**John:** David Robb, when you synopsize this podcast on Deadline, the headline is—

**Seth:** Oh good.

**John:** Craig Mazin, “I want an STD.”

**Seth:** Exactly. From an old person.

**Craig:** I mean, I live a pretty sheltered life. You know, I’m clean.

**Seth:** Yeah. Exactly. Old person is your best shot.

**John:** All right. I really like the idea of a romance in this story. And essentially what is it like to break into people’s lives, into people’s apartments, and sort of imagine their better life than what you have.

**Seth:** Is it that he meets someone as he’s robbing them? He meets a single old lady as he’s robbing her?

**Craig:** That’s a really good idea.

**Seth:** He falls in love with a woman as he’s robbing her or something. He sees all her stuff and is like, “I like this person.” And then he goes and tries to meet her.

**Craig:** She finds him and then says, “I want to do it with you.”

**Seth:** Or he becomes obsessed with the lady because he steals some of her shit.

**Craig:** Now it’s getting creepy.

**Seth:** And it has some meaningful element to it.

**Craig:** Starts lopping off bull penises and sending them as trophies.

**Seth:** We tie them all together. It could be a lot of different movies.

**Craig:** There’s fertile territory there.

**Seth:** It’s a good one.

**John:** The last one is a very short one. It’s a profile in Slate by Jeffery Bloomberg.

**Seth:** Don’t say that.

**John:** Ah. Hustlers’ Naked Guy and Being the Go to Guy for Nude Stunt Work. So our friend Lorene Scafaria made the amazing movie Hustlers. I’m so proud of her and I really love the movie. But this guy is in the movie. His name is Rob Stats. And he’s the guy you call when you need nude stunt work. So he calls it hyper exposed is his favorite thing.

So he’s basically a stunt guy but just for being the naked guy.

**Seth:** He’s giving himself a little too much credit. It’s exposed.

**Craig:** Yeah, no, it’s hyper exposed.

**Seth:** I think you’d have to tear your butt open for it to be hyper exposed. We’ve got to see inside there to be hyper exposed.

**Craig:** [laughs] Yeah, it’s sort of a binary thing. You are or are not exposed.

**John:** But I remember when I saw the movie I thought like, man, that dude is – he’s in a very vulnerable spot. Not only because he’s naked, but because he has these women who have to carry him around and they could drop him at any point. And he’s got nothing to protect him.

**Craig:** Do you believe him when he said – so in the article he said to the actors that we’re carrying him, he said, “If you have to drop me, just drop me. Because I don’t want you to be hurt. They need you for this movie.”

**Seth:** For sure. Stunt people would for sure say that. 100%.

**John:** Oh yeah.

**Craig:** I guess they’re like kill me. If you need to kill me, kill me.

**Seth:** And it’s like a skill. But a lot of stunt people’s skill is that they don’t mind pain.

**Craig:** They don’t mind pain.

**Seth:** Yeah. And they are also physically very skilled and gifted and some are gymnasts and fighters and different things.

**Craig:** This is why there’s not a lot of Jewish stunt people.

**Seth:** The one common thread is that they process pain much differently than you or I do.

**Craig:** Clearly.

**Seth:** There’s a lot of like – like people who worked in rodeos and stuff. Once I heard that I was like, oh, I get it now.

**Craig:** Yeah. Like when they get spiked by the horns.

**Seth:** Like it’s people who don’t have the same relationship with pain as I do.

**Craig:** So the nudity part is the thing that sets him apart is that he’s willing to just let it all hang out. But, you know, I mean, is that weird? I mean, we had a thing in Chernobyl where we had 50 guys with their dicks out.

**Seth:** They were great.

**Craig:** They did a good job. They all did a fine job. And nobody seemed to care.

**Seth:** No.

**Craig:** I mean, women have been doing this forever, right, and nobody is like, oh my god, but their–

**Seth:** I find people are less weird about it then. Like if it’s not weird and it’s like a part of the thing and everyone feels like, yeah, this is like what we all signed up for. We all agreed. Hundreds of us agreed that this was good. And we should do this. Then it’s not weird. But you just want people who are super comfortable.

**Craig:** 100%.

**Seth:** Doing it. That’s the important thing. So that everyone is super comfortable doing it.

**Craig:** I mean, Ken Jeong was not supposed to be naked in The Hangover when he came out of the back of the car. And he proposed. He goes would this be funnier if I were naked? And Todd said—

**Seth:** That guy loves getting naked.

**Craig:** “You don’t have to ask me twice.” They had him sign a waiver and off they went.

**Seth:** We hire adult film stars a lot if we need nudity. Because we know they’re – it’s just like one less thing to make me be uncomfortable.

**Craig:** We did the same thing in the second Hangover when we had a scene where we had a lot of transgender people who were I guess sort of pre-op or only had had top and not bottom. And most of them were, well, I don’t know about most of them. A key one was definitely an adult movie performer.

**Seth:** Much better that way.

**John:** I was on a podcast with Dana Fox last week.

**Seth:** Dana Fox!

**John:** She’s the best.

**Craig:** The best. The greatest.

**John:** She used to be my assistant.

**Seth:** That’s so funny. I’ve known her a really long time.

**John:** So Dana was saying that a thing she’s found in comedies is that a boob—

**Seth:** You kind of have a similar vibe to her husband a little bit.

**John:** Quinn? Thank you. I’ll take that.

**Craig:** Nope. Not getting it. Nope. Love that guy. Just two different people.

**John:** Her point was that male nudity, funny. Female nudity, not funny. In her experience when female nudity is on screen people will not laugh. And so you cannot stick a joke at the same time that you have a boob, except in Airplane which was a rare exception.

**Craig:** Because the joke was where did that person come from. That was the joke. It’s distracting.

**Seth:** Yeah, I agree with that. Our movies have very little nudity.

**Craig:** Yeah. I think that female nudity can be distracting because it’s the most interesting nudity and male nudity is funny. I mean, the dick and balls are funny.

**Seth:** Yeah, it’s tough to have – I’m trying to think. Yeah, it’s funny. When we were making Long Shot there was like a scene where me and Charlize are in bed post-coital and she, god bless her, was like I would probably be topless in this scene and I’m very comfortable doing that if it seems like it’s more realistic. And we were like you can’t do that. No one will pay attention to anything anyone says. It will make – none of this. It will take all focus. Trust me. Yeah, and it will just – I think the point of this moment should be funny and sweet and unfortunately your breasts are too powerful. I cannot compete with that.

**Craig:** And I don’t think there’s a single flaccid penis that would ever do anything like that. I agree with Dana. I think male nudity is just inherently amusing to us. And, yeah, female not so much.

**John:** So getting back to this guy or a movie with this guy as a central character. You know, Love Actually has that as a small plot point. One of the through lines is like there’s nudity, but it’s just a recurring it. It’s not the centerpiece of the movie.

**Seth:** I think also movies about Hollywood are tough. Movies about the movie business in general are tough. Boogie Nights kind of did this kind of thing really, really, really well. There’s been enough. As someone who has made many movies about Hollywood and about making movies and about the entertainment industry I can say people should stop doing it.

**Craig:** Yeah. It’s an uphill battle for sure.

**Seth:** Exactly.

**Craig:** We just had a Tarantino movie where you had a stuntman. And I think this is kind of – it’s an interesting character but I don’t think – I don’t see a movie there.

**Seth:** It’s a tough one.

**John:** So recapping. It feels like the holiday burglar is our top choice for making it into a movie.

**Craig:** Sure.

**John:** And you should know Seth that we have a pretty high track record. The things we pick–

**Craig:** The shit is getting optioned tomorrow. That’s how it works.

**Seth:** Great. Clint Eastwood, get on that shit.

**Craig:** If you want it, like on the way home get it.

**Seth:** I want Clint Eastwood to make it. Because I liked The Mule and I want more like The Mule.

**Craig:** You want Mule 2 is what you want.

**Seth:** I want a holiday burglar Mule.

**John:** It’s time for our One Cool Things, so where we recommend something to our listeners. My One Cool Thing is a post from 2013 by Captain Awkward entitled How to Tighten Up Your Game at Work When You’re Depressed.

**Craig:** Oh.

**John:** And it’s a long but really useful article about sort of, OK, let’s say you’re actually experiencing depression but you have to go to work and have to get through your day.

**Seth:** Whoa.

**John:** And really practical tips for sort of like how to kind of fake it and get yourself through that day. So it’s not saying like don’t deal with your depression. It’s saying that sometimes while you’re dealing with your depression you actually have to hold down a 9 to 5 job and not lose your job. It’s a really practical guide. It’s an old post but it was new to me and I think it would be helpful to a lot of people who are probably listening to this podcast.

**Craig:** I like that. Well, my One Cool Thing is another thing that possibly can help get you through your day, although it’s not as healthy as I’m sure this article. But somebody recommended – I haven’t used it yet, so I just like the recommendation. It’s an app called Saucey. Do you now Saucey?

**John:** I don’t know what Saucey is.

**Craig:** Saucey is you’re having a dinner party and you want to bring some food over. You call Grub Hub or you call one of those people. Saucey is that but for booze. So you need some wine—

**Seth:** Dial a Bottle we called it in high school. It’s how I drank between the ages of like 14 and 19 basically.

**Craig:** McLovin on the line.

**Seth:** Yeah. Exactly. We would call and they would deliver it to our houses in Vancouver. Yeah.

**Craig:** Wow. Vancouver. God, anything. You get feet. You get bottles.

**Seth:** These guys invented Dial a Bottle.

**Craig:** So they basically invented the app for Dial a Bottle.

**Seth:** Exactly. That’s good. Congrats.

**Craig:** So there it is. Saucey.

**Seth:** Saucey. Good name.

**John:** Seth, do you have a One Cool Thing?

**Seth:** I’ll take about Hilarity for Charity, which you can donate to. We are trying to cure Alzheimer’s but also we provide in-home care for those people who can’t afford it. So if you’re someone who is dealing with someone with dementia and you need help and you can’t afford help, you can go to hilarityforcharity.org and apply to get a grant for free in-home care.

**Craig:** That’s awesome. And that’s where we would go to donate?

**Seth:** Yes. Also hilarityforcharity.org.

**John:** Can you recap what National Expungement Week was? Because I saw your PSA for it and it sounded great. So just tell us what that was.

**Seth:** I was working with a few organizations about, Cage-Free Canada is one of them, about setting up ways for people to get their records expunged for minor offenses, especially for crimes that are no longer illegal, specifically weed related crimes. Like a lot of people have been arrested for weed and they can’t vote and they can’t get jobs. And it’s literally not illegal anymore and it shouldn’t have been illegal in the first place. And a lot of that is racially motivated and really was targeting marginalized groups in the first place. So I was helping support programs that were setting up physical places people could go and work with people to get their records expunged. Yes, exactly.

**John:** That’s great. In the 2018 elections I went with a group of other writers to various Comic Cons and we were trying to register people to vote, sort of when we all vote. And so I was shameless about just like every single person, “Are you registered to vote in California?” And at least 10 people it’s like, “Oh, I can’t vote.”

**Craig:** “I’m a felon.”

**John:** That is ridiculous.

**Seth:** So many people. It’s crazy.

**Craig:** If you’ve murdered, I understand it. I get the point there.

**Seth:** Yeah. Then don’t vote.

**Craig:** Maybe don’t vote.

**John:** Actually I would disagree.

**Craig:** Of course you would, you fucking murderer.

**Seth:** You get half a vote.

**John:** Half a vote.

**Craig:** Half a vote should be a thing.

**Seth:** Depends how many people you murdered. You get one-tenth less for every one.

**Craig:** That’s a good idea.

**John:** I would say the same systematic things that are getting a person convicted of something would probably be a factor in terms of their voting.

**Craig:** Yeah, but a murder?

**John:** But if they’re free now.

**Craig:** You’re saying they did their time.

**John:** They did their time. I think they should be able to vote.

**Seth:** I think if you are free you should probably get to vote. Is that a weird thing to say? I don’t know.

**Craig:** I mean, the trend is like in Florida for instance they overturned the whole thing—

**Seth:** If you’re like out there in society paying taxes and living in the world then you should get to vote.

**Craig:** I was just thinking about the murderers.

**Seth:** Murderers should get to vote.

**John:** [laughs]

**Craig:** There’s your headline, Deadline.

**Seth:** I said it in a high voice. I said it in a tone of noncommittal. Murderers should get to vote.

**Craig:** It’s definitely a rising pitch.

**Seth:** If you are currently in jail for murder you should probably not vote.

**Craig:** Yeah, it’s probably best to not vote.

**Seth:** I’m not going to draw a hard line in my murderers’ voting stance.

**Craig:** It’s not a hard opinion.

**John:** There are problems where there are places where prisons are built and they’re counting the people who are in prison as citizens of a county. And that’s not cool. [Because they’re not allowed to vote].

**Craig:** That’s not cool. Because if they are counted then–

**Seth:** It depends who you murdered and what they were like.

**Craig:** Oh, that’s an interesting idea.

**Seth:** If you are going to vote for the same person that the person you murdered was going to vote for then maybe you get to vote.

**Craig:** Right. Just don’t cancel out.

**John:** A proxy.

**Craig:** If you kill some guy, don’t cancel his wife’s vote out.

**Seth:** Exactly. You get his vote.

**Craig:** You have to vote the way he would have voted.

**Seth:** Exactly. You get to vote but it has to be how the person you murdered voted.

**Craig:** That’s actually the best possible solution.

**Seth:** It only makes sense, yeah.

**Craig:** And so easy to enforce.

**Seth:** Their vote lives on through you. This was a horribly offensive conversation. But I like it.

**John:** Scriptnotes is produced by Megana Rao. It is edited by Matthew Chilelli. Our outro this week is by Rajesh Naroth. If you have an outro you can send us a link to ask@johnaugust.com. That’s also the place where you can send longer questions. For shorter questions on Twitter, Craig is @clmazin. I am @johnaugust. Seth, you are @sethrogen?

**Seth:** I am @sethrogen.

**Craig:** That’s easy.

**John:** That’s how this whole episode came to be. You can find the show notes for this episode and all episodes at johnaugust.com. That’s also where you find transcripts.

You can find the back episodes of the show at Scriptnotes.net. You need to sign up there and use the Scriptnotes app for iOS or Androids. iOS or Android.

**Craig:** Androids. You were talking about your own family there, weren’t you? My androids.

**John:** You can download 50-episode seasons at store.johnaugust.com. Seth Rogen, thank you for coming on the show.

**Seth:** Thank you so much for having me.

**Craig:** Thank you Seth. So great.

**Seth:** Glad to be here.

**John:** Thanks.

Links:

* [420 origins according to Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/420_(cannabis_culture))
* [‘Someone’s Gotta Tell the Freakin’ Truth’: Jerry Falwell’s Aides Break Their Silence](https://www.politico.com/magazine/story/2019/09/09/jerry-falwell-liberty-university-loans-227914?fbclid=IwAR3V5SFMjUdw6A33e6y1NB3GhRrBg3ifTaMrVMZdASAkwHDl_9GsJaOoQ00) by Brandon Ambrosino
* [Mysterious Oregon Cattle Killings, Mutilations Alarm Ranchers](https://www.oregonlive.com/pacific-northwest-news/2019/08/mysterious-oregon-cattle-killings-mutilations-alarm-ranchers.html) by Diana Kruzman
* [An 82-year-old Man Slipped Past Doormen in Upscale Buildings for Years and Stole $400k in Jewelry, Police Say](https://www.cnn.com/2019/09/08/us/nyc-burglar-82-years-old-upper-east-side/index.html?no-st=1569027413) by Madeline Holcombe and Joshua Girsky
* [How to Tighten Up Your Game at Work When You’re Depressed](https://captainawkward.com/2013/02/16/450-how-to-tighten-up-your-game-at-work-when-youre-depressed/) by Captain Awkward
* [Saucey: Alcohol Delivery App](https://www.saucey.com/)
* [Hilarity for Charity](https://hilarityforcharity.org/)
* [National Expungement Week](https://www.cagefreecannabis.com/getfree), Seth’s [PSA](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gdmvZjz1H7s)
* [John August](https://twitter.com/johnaugust) on Twitter
* [Craig Mazin](https://twitter.com/clmazin) on Twitter
* [Seth Rogen](https://twitter.com/sethrogen) on Twitter
* [John on Instagram](https://www.instagram.com/johnaugust/?hl=en)
* [Outro](http://johnaugust.com/2013/scriptnotes-the-outros) by Rajesh Naroth ([send us yours!](http://johnaugust.com/2014/outros-needed))

Email us at ask@johnaugust.com

You can download the episode [here](http://traffic.libsyn.com/scriptnotes/scriptnotes_ep_420_seth_rogen.mp3).

Scriptnotes, Episode 423: Minimum Viable Movie, Transcript

November 4, 2019 Scriptnotes Transcript

The original post for this episode can be found [here](https://johnaugust.com/2019/minimum-viable-movie).

**John August:** Hello and welcome. My name is John August.

**Craig Mazin:** Hi y’all my name is Craig Mazin.

**John:** And this is Episode 423 of Scriptnotes, a podcast about screenwriting and things that are interesting to screenwriters. Often on this podcast we ask How Would That Be a Movie, but today we’re going to ask an even more fundamental question: Is that a movie? We’ll try to lay out the minimal requirements for a motion picture, which you may want to consider as you set out to write.

We’ll also be answering some listener questions and, of course, following up on assistant pay.

**Craig:** Oh yes.

**John:** But first, Craig, you are headed to Austin for the Austin Film Festival. Can you talk us through your schedule?

**Craig:** Sure. What an exciting schedule it is. It’s jam-packed with stuff. [laughs] It’s really not. It’s one of the lightest schedules I’ve ever had and I’m incredibly appreciative for it. Friday morning is my first thing and I guess it’s probably the most substantive thing I’m going to do. It’s called On Writing Chernobyl: A Conversation with Craig Mazin. I don’t know who I’m talking to. It just says me. What is that?

**John:** It could be a conversation with yourself?

**Craig:** It will not be.

**John:** I think you should do the Frune voice and just be interviewing yourself.

**Craig:** Well that’s not a bad idea actually. I can totally do that. What’s the story?

So, that’s going to happen with someone talking to me, I guess. And then that night at 10pm roughly, depending on just how tipsy we are I’m going to take the stage in the big Driskill ballroom with a bunch of other fantastic guests – really, really good ones. You’re going to want to show up, as always, for a free-wheeling live episode of Scriptnotes. So always fun when we do it there. It’s very raucous. We’ll take lots of questions. Do lots of answers. Tell stories. Laugh. Enjoy life. And record it all for posterity.

**John:** Excellent.

**Craig:** Yeah. And then I’m going to be introducing Dan Weiss and David Benioff at an awards luncheon where they’re getting an award. So I’m putting together the world’s snarkiest speech as we speak. And also on Saturday night I will be one of the judges judging the finals of the Pitch Competition which is in a big bar and it’s–

**John:** I went to that last year and it was really fun. It was sometimes hard to hear people as they were pitching, but the vibe was really great. So, I really enjoyed it last time.

**Craig:** It’s a good vibe and as always I’m relied upon to be, you know, Johnny Tough Love, I guess.

**John:** Mm-hmm. So I’m looking forward to hearing what happens. I will not be at Austin Film Festival this year at all, so I will only know when I hear the audio for the assembled episode, so enjoy. People are going to be there live and in person seeing stuff and it could be so raucous and so un-broadcastable that only by being there in person will you really get the full experience.

**Craig:** I think it will be broadcastable. It may not be an episode you like. [laughs]

**John:** But that’s fine.

**Craig:** It will be broadcastable. It will be sound waves.

**John:** There will be sound waves that can be transmitted through the Internet.

**Craig:** Yeah.

**John:** Nice. Last week we talked about the WGA and videogame awards. We got a couple emails in. One was a listener who wrote in with a sound file, which I always love when people sort of record themselves. So let’s take a listen to that.

**Anthony Johnston:** Hi John and Craig. Anthony Johnston here. Just wanted to point out something you didn’t mention regarding the Writers Guild dropping the videogame award. The reason some years only saw a minimal amount of entries is because only games written by people who were either full guild members or had joined the Game Writers Caucus, which John mentioned, were eligible. The problem with the caucus is that the only thing your yearly sub gets you is the ability to be considered for that award. Well, and a copy of the magazine. But, you know, come on.

But it doesn’t even count in any way towards full guild membership as I found out a couple of years ago when I wrote my first screenplay for Hollywood. I understand why the guild doesn’t want to give out awards to non-members, of course, and that’s their prerogative. But it’s not like game writing is covered by a different guild. And this all speaks to those concerns you had about them simply not reaching out to games writers in a meaningful way.

I’m on the Games Committee of the British Writers Guild and our annual award is given to the best written game, regardless of whether the authors are guild members or not because from our perspective the award is about advancing and promoting the field, not the guild per se.

Anyway, I’ve ranted about the lack of unionization in games many times before and I won’t get into it again, but suffice to say this latest action by the WGA certainly isn’t helping. Thanks for listening. See you later.

**John:** To start with I want to stipulate that I would like him to narrate a bunch of nature documentaries because he has a fantastic voice.

**Craig:** Yep.

**John:** And I want to hear him talking about geese and other things and small woodland creatures having fun.

**Craig:** But the geese doesn’t see the predator nearby. Sneaking up on her and her loved ones. Something like that?

**John:** Fantastic.

**Craig:** Do we even need him anymore? Or can I do it?

**John:** He’s actually better than you.

**Craig:** Yeah, I know.

**John:** And that’s a high bar.

**Craig:** I know.

**John:** So let’s get into the substance of what he’s actually talking about which is that this videogame writers caucus is a thing you have to join in order to be considered for an award, but you get essentially no benefits other than being eligible for an award, which feels like a fundamental flaw in that system. But I do want to point out that the British system is different also because it’s not truly a union. The British Screenwriters Guild is not a union in the same way that we are a union. They’re not representing employees. They are a bunch of people who work in the same industry but they are not a labor organization. So they’re not quite similarly situated.

Craig, what did you take from his discussion of this topic?

**Craig:** Well, what he’s shining a light on is that the entire decision to award videogame writers was a scheme to try and see if we could advance the organization of videogame writers into the Writers Guild. So what the Writers Guild did was they created this caucus category. A caucus category in the Writers Guild essentially means, meh, you’re not actually a member of the Writers Guild. But we’ll waive some magic fairy dust on you. You give us some money. And you become eligible for things like these awards. But over time what happens is the videogame companies realize that there’s actually like he says no actual significant benefit or upside to being in this caucus. It doesn’t apply to your membership in the guild for other things because you’re not doing anything that’s covered under a Writers Guild contract generally speaking.

So, the entire point of it just sort of collapsed pretty quickly. But my feeling is if you’re going to give awards to videogames in an attempt to say, “Listen, one day we’d love to have you in our fold. Could we unionize your shop?” Do it.

There’s no need to – I agree with him. Don’t pin it all on some meaningless Writers Guild caucus membership because then the awards don’t mean much anyway. And in fact what it seems like has happened is they’ve said not enough people are paying us the caucus money so nobody gets an award. I think we should acknowledge that we don’t represent videogame writers, but we have given the award so let’s continue to give the award and start talking to the employers. That’s kind of the point, right? That’s the job.

**John:** Yeah. Organizing any new sector is incredibly difficult, so trying to go out and actually organize these folks is a difficult thing on a very long term basis. And so a concerted effort by the WGA over many years, maybe you could make some progress. But it is going to be difficult because videogame industry is not – while the work is actually very similar to sort of what we’ve been doing, it’s not concentrated in the town the same way. It’s diffuse. There’s a lot of challenges to doing it.

So, a person could also argue whether the WGA is the best organization to being going after trying to organize videogame work. I don’t know. But it was good to hear his perspective from somebody outside of our videogame industry.

**Craig:** Yeah. I mean, look, when it comes to any kind of writing employment I tend to think that the Writers Guild is the best union option available to anyone that writes, because well we do the best job of defending the writer’s right to credits, defending the writer’s right to residuals, I think we have the best guaranteed minimum salaries. So I’m always interested in that. I do think that you’re right. It’s a hard thing to organize any shop. If the guild spends ten years trying to organize a videogame shop and it fails, or five years and it fails, at that point for the guild to say, “Listen, guys, we’re not going to do the Writers Guild videogame awards anymore because none of your employers are willing to talk to us and you guys aren’t signing cards, so it’s enough.” At that point I don’t really think the videogame writers would have much of a leg to stand on when it comes to complaining. But they haven’t tried that. As far as I know they haven’t done any of that work. They’ve just handed out awards and then one day they were like, “Meh, you’re not giving us our caucus money anymore.”

It’s not a great look. I’ve got to say. I’m just going to continue my theme on this. I don’t think it was a great look. I don’t think it was handled well. And, you know, I think they should reconsider. I really do.

**John:** Let’s end this topic on some happy news. The folks who work at the LA Times have a new union. So that’s a thing that happened this past week. So the LA Times employees are now under a union, which is great news.

**Craig:** Who covers them? Is there like a newscaster–?

**John:** I think it’s its own special new union. I have no sort of great insight to it, but it’s a thing that happened just as we were starting to record. So that’s exciting.

**Craig:** That is exciting. And just to be clear when I said that our union is the best at representing writers what I mean is representing writers – those writers who do work for screens as opposed to just print.

**John:** Yep. Exactly. All right. Let us get back to the topic of assistants, which has been a big thing this past week, past couple weeks. And so much has changed since the last episode we recorded. After we recorded the hashtag #PayUpHollywood came out. There were a lot of new anecdotes that were being shared along with that hashtag. LA Times, Variety, Hollywood Reporter all ran stories on the issue. I know I had a lot of private conversations, I suspect you have had them as well.

**Craig:** Sure.

**John:** With writers, executives, other folks who are thinking about this as an issue. We’ve gotten a ton more emails in, including some emails that reference friends of ours who are not doing right by their assistants. So, that’s interesting and awkward.

**Craig:** Oh? OK. I haven’t seen those.

**John:** All right. So we’ll forward some of those onto you.

**Craig:** Do I want to see those? [laughs]

**John:** I think you do want to see those. I think it’s good for us to see all of these things. But this week has also got me thinking back to my own time as an assistant. I did a blog post about it. And so I was describing how one of my first jobs in Hollywood was as an assistant. It was just after film school. I was working for two very busy producers. I did all the classic assistant things: answering phones, reading scripts, making copies. No one makes copies anymore.

And I said in that blog post that I thought I was making $550 a week. I ended up editing it back out and putting a footnote there saying I’m not sure it was $550. I couldn’t actually find any pay stubs or tax records. But I was able to make enough money to pay rent. I was able to buy groceries. I could see all the movies I wanted to see. And I could write on nights and weekends. It was enough. It wasn’t glamorous, but it was enough. And that was my two years in assistant-dom and then I was able to transition out of that.

And Craig you had a similar experience as an assistant right out of college, right?

**Craig:** I did. I didn’t quite have the leg up you had, because you were coming out of the Stark program. So it makes sense that your first gig probably would be a little bit better pay than mine. I didn’t know anybody and I wasn’t coming out of film school. So my first job in Hollywood, my salary was $20,000 a year. And so I did a little math using just a standard inflation calculator. $20,000 in 1992 is the equivalent of $36,600 today. OK, well as it turns out that’s not far off from what a lot of assistants are making when you just look at kind of a $12.50 or $15 an hour rate, and a typical 50-hour week or even more. It’s sort of settling in around there.

So, what’s the difference? Well, first of all, I don’t want to pretend that I was living high on the hog. I was not. I also had student loans I had to pay off and all the rest. But here’s the huge difference. I shared a two-bedroom apartment with a friend of mine and that two-bedroom apartment was in North Hollywood. And the rent was $700 a month. So my rent was $350 a month in 1992. What is that in today’s dollars? It is $640 a month. No, I think Megana is on the line, right?

**Megana Rao:** Yeah, I’m here!

**Craig:** OK. And Bo is with us, too. So, Bo Shim is my assistant and Megana Rao is not only our producer but also your assistant. So, I’ll ask you Bo, $640 a month would get you what right now?

**Bo Shim:** [laughs] I don’t even know. Like half of a studio?

**Craig:** Half of a single room? So you’re like bunking with someone in a single room?

**Bo:** Like a dorm.

**Craig:** A dorm. I checked. And the rate of rent increase in Los Angeles has far outstripped the rate of inflation. So essentially even though people are being paid similarly to how they were paid when I first started in 1992, their expenses are dramatically greater. And that is why the current situation is not at all tenable.

And I have to tell, John, based on what I’ve looked at here I don’t know if I would have been able to do it. I don’t know if I would have been able to move to Los Angeles and get a job and work as an assistant because I didn’t have any other source of money. There was no money coming from my family. Plus I had loans to pay off. I just don’t think I could have done it.

**John:** Well, we’re lucky to have two assistants on the line who have done this. And so let’s turn this over more to Bo and Megana to talk us through their path into the industry and becoming assistants. And if you guys can tell us how you started as assistants and how you sort of made it work. Can we start with you, Bo? What was your route from college into working with Craig right now?

**Bo:** Right. I graduated from NYU in 2016 and I took a more traditional route of working at an agency, kind of staying put and seeing that as a stepping stone for my next job. And I think that’s a lot of people working there. Not everybody wants to be an agent, but all the jobs out there require one to two years of agency experience. So, I did that for about two years. And when I started it was I believe $12.50 an hour. A non-negotiable rate of $12.50 an hour. And after about two years maybe it was like a dollar raise. And then by the time I left in the last couple months they bumped it up to $15 an hour.

So I know firsthand working in that environment. And I have to say of course I wouldn’t have this job right now if I wasn’t present at that place and working that job, and that’s why most people work there is for the opportunities that you’re exposed to. But that was kind of my path to working for Craig Mazin.

**John:** Now, Megana, you took a different route. So talk us through how you went from college and where you were at before you came to work as an assistant here.

**Megana:** Yeah, so I had a much more untraditional route. I graduated from Harvard in 2014. And then worked in tech. I worked at Google for about four years before I made my way out to LA and started working for you. So, I sort of had a very different introduction to the workforce than Bo in that immediately from day one I felt like I was very fairly compensated and just felt really valued by Google. I felt like they were investing in me and they really wanted me to grow there.

And, yeah, I think last week we sort of talked about that villainous HR person who said lower wages inspire people to get better paying jobs. And coming from working in a place where that’s absolutely the opposite case I do not think that that’s true. I think that being fairly paid made me feel inspired by the work that I could bring to the company.

**John:** So one of the things you’ve had to do over these last two weeks is go through a tremendous amount of mail that came in. I know you’ve also been sharing it with Bo. Can you give us a sense of what you’re seeing and talk us through the issues and sort of where we’re at in this conversation right now as you’re reading more about assistants and assistant pay in Hollywood?

**Megana:** Yes. So we have been getting a ton of emails. So thank you to everyone who has been writing in. I think one of the biggest issues that we probably will not be able to get into today but has been a big theme has been the mental, psychological, emotional abuse that a lot of these assistants are dealing with every day on top of their low wages. And I think that makes sense, because we sort of started this conversation in the wake of hashtag #MeToo and this is just another reckoning with the institutional failures that have gotten us to this place.

And on a more positive note I think people are feeling more validated and seen by the hashtag #PayUpHollywood and the coverage that’s been in the trades and the LA Times. And I think there’s been a sort of unification that’s been really exciting.

I got this one email from Christine that I’d love to share. She says, “I listened to your recent Scriptnotes episode on assistant pay and I teared up in my car because it hit close to home. Being a child of refugees I decided to go the safe route after college and pursue a stable and predictable career that would please my parents. But one that was also creative adjacent to please me. So I went to law school with the hopes of practicing entertainment law. I decided not to go that route after I did legal internship at a movie studio and discovered that the young and hungry attorneys in the legal department were working as glorified administrative assistants for $20,000.

“This was in 2001 and law students were taking out more in student loans per year, $26,000 per year, then the annual before tax salaries of these ‘entertainment lawyers.’ I didn’t know how they paid their rent and their student loan repayments until it finally dawned on me. They were trust fund babies. And that’s when I decided to become a litigator instead.

“18 years later and here I am finally trying to do the thing. It has taken me this long because my family had no money, no connections, and the risk of entering a career where I would have to ask my parents for financial help when they were also struggling was too shameful for me to contemplate. It took me nearly 20 years to gather the resources where I can now carve out free time for myself to write. This year I wrote my first screenplay. I literally couldn’t afford to do it as a career, so now I do it as a passion project.”

So, the reason I wanted to highlight this is because I wanted to bring it back to another reason that we were so compelled to take this on as an issue is that these really high barriers to entry are literally keeping the pipeline from being filled with any sort of diversity in Hollywood. And, Bo, I know you had experience working in the business affairs side, so I don’t know if you want to speak to Christine’s experience at all.

**Bo:** Yeah. I was working in business affairs and so a lot of the assistants there in that department went to law school and were bar’d and it was crazy to me that they were getting paid the same as someone who – I mean, no one really should be getting paid $12.50 an hour, but they were getting paid the same across the board.

**Megana:** Yeah. So I worked on Ad Words which was sort of the biggest, most corporate, and like least sexy part of the company, and I think because of the way that I was paid I was really inspired to do good work and to put my all in the company. And so it’s sort of wild to me in Hollywood where the impact of your work is so tangible in these productions that, you know, I would think that if you’re a creator or a showrunner and you have this vision that you would want to – you would want to have people around you who are doing their best work to help you execute your ideas and that you’re empowering them to be able to do that on their projects and that they’re not worried about how they’re going to pay for their lunch.

**John:** Yeah. So even working on this Ad Words team they were still treating you like you were a valuable person in the company and not just a body in a chair?

**Megana:** And I think something that they say all the time at Google is we don’t just hire you for the job, we hire you for Google. And I think that in the traditional sense of the pipeline for like a writer’s assistant to a staff writer that also holds true. You are hiring assistants so that you can grow them as writers and people who will become creators eventually. And it seems like something there has just been broken recently.

**John:** So, Bo, working at an agency what is the trajectory to rise up through the agency? I always hear about the mailroom and then you’re on a desk and then eventually you become an agent. Was that at all interesting to you? Or were you mostly coming in there just to learn about how the industry worked?

**Bo:** For me it was really just about learning the landscape and the business side of the industry. But if you did want to be an agent the steps are essentially you’re in the mailroom, and then you’re on typically two desks, possibly more, and then you go back down to the mailroom. And then you come back up and you’re on another desk until then you’re promoted.

So, I knew that I didn’t want to be an agent. And a lot of people are there to kind of just get the experience and hopefully use it as a stepping stone for their next job. And that’s what I observed.

I do think like – and not just this job in particular – but it is really helpful for someone to take you under their wing and really vouch for you. And that’s really an important aspect of being able to rise up the ranks. And it’s really hard, especially if you’re maybe not coming from a background where you’re familiar with the industry or you have connections, or you necessarily have the aspects that someone who staffs a producer, who staffs an agent, who staffs a director. I think they try to foster an environment where you felt like you were supported, but it felt more accessible to certain people as opposed to others.

**Craig:** I mean, are we dancing a little bit around the whole white guy thing right now? Because it does seem like – because here’s my concern. I’m going to tie it back to the money issue. Because the money issue makes it so that the most likely to be at these desks are people who have external support of the kind that I didn’t have, and John I don’t think you had either. You’re going to get a higher percentage of people that are white males. Or I suppose white females. But the point is not people of color. Just because we’re just going on statistics, economic statistics in the United States.

So is there a sense of a kind of self-fulfilling prophecy where people take people under their wing. They’re looking for people that, I don’t know, remind them of themselves. I mean, we know how this sort of works with representation. Is there a sense that it’s harder for people of color in these places? They’re getting hit twice. They’re not getting paid enough and the kind of path to rise is even narrower for them than it is for their white coworkers.

**Bo:** Yes. Definitely it’s a factor in being able to enter this arena in the first place. And then I think there’s definitely unconscious or conscious bias when it comes to people looking at assistants and being like, oh, well that person – I don’t know, we talk sports and we jive and naturally there’s a way to bond. And I do think it kind of affects the way that you’re able to have those relationships and have a level of comfort so that you can kind of ask for things. So yeah.

**John:** It sounds like we’re talking about what is an assistant worth. And sort of like the worth of that person. And some of that comes down to the money that you’re paying them. So if you’re paying them a good salary you’re valuing them in a certain way. But valuing them and acknowledging their worth is also how you’re treating them and how you are – whether you’re treating them in ways that have some quality of mentorship that you’re actually going to be able to see them advance through the industry. And it doesn’t sound like these people working at agencies, but also people we’ve talked to who have been working with producers are really getting that experience.

Last week we had someone write in really pleading that if a showrunner is going to hire someone on as an assistant read their stuff ahead of time and be honest with them about whether there’s any chance to be moving up onto the staff, because you don’t want to be spinning your wheels and wasting your time.

Let’s transition to talking about some of the solutions or next steps that folks who’ve written in to us have suggested. Megana, can you get us started with what are people thinking we might want to be looking at in terms of fixing these problems?

**Megana:** Yeah, so you know I think there’s so much momentum and excitement. People are throwing out ideas of strikes and legal action that they can take. And I think an interesting thing that’s come up is having the protection of a union.

So, Marcia wrote in and she said, “Unlike most of the other types of members in IATSE, the overwhelming majority of writers’ room assistant aspire to ultimately do a different type of job – become writers. That is covered by a different union, the WGA. This means that writers’ room assistants like myself are transitory members of the IATSE. We intent to leave IATSE and join the WGA as soon as the opportunity presents itself. As a result, IATSE doesn’t have much reason to look out for the interests of writers’ room assistants since we don’t have much of a future in that union, or at least we hope not.”

And she also points out that IATSE 700 represents the Editors Guild in Hollywood and they have both editors and assistant editors. And she asks if it makes sense for writers’ room assistants who are on their way to becoming writers should also be a part of the WGA in some capacity.

**John:** So what Marcia’s suggesting here does on the surface make sense. You have writers’ room assistants who are very, very close to that screenwriting process. They’re part of the generation of TV shows and they ultimately want to segue into becoming writers so they would be joining the Writers Guild. And it feels really futile to be joining this other union for a time when you don’t really want to be a part of that union.

One of the challenges I think of unionizing assistants overall is that most Hollywood assistants don’t want to be career assistants. So a union makes a lot of sense if that is your chosen profession. But very few of the people who are in those jobs right now do they want to be doing this for 20 years. They’re not looking for a pension as an assistant. They’re looking to move into the next thing. So it’s worth talking about.

I don’t know that it solves the overall problem of assistants who are not in writers’ rooms. Because the WGA wouldn’t be able to cover them. But it’s always worth looking at sort of is there some organized labor way of addressing it.

**Megana:** And I think another big theme that’s been coming in, is that in the idea of taking a sort of legal route to addressing these issues–I mean, what do you do when people in HR and bosses are violating the actual laws in place? And asking people to do illegal things? So, Bo, do you want to read us what Greg wrote in?

**Bo:** Yeah. Greg wrote, “I assisted a showrunner who had two pilots shooting concurrently on location. We worked on one from Monday to Friday and then the other from Wednesday to Sunday. They also shifted the two production hours so they overlapped as little as possible. This meant I was working at least 16 hour days, seven days a week, covering showrunner assistant duties on both shows. To make it worse, they had me script coordinating both shows.

“When the studio production executive saw my time card she came to me saying I couldn’t work this much overtime. I said those were the hours I worked. She told me that they couldn’t approve it. I told her that I expected to be paid for every hour of work and that I was happy to cut back hours going forward. But she would have to talk to my boss, the showrunner, since I don’t control my schedule.

“She tried to tell me that I just couldn’t put down that kind of hours. She was talking around the illegal act of not wanting to say she wanted me to lie on my time card. She even suggested I was lucky that they were taking me on location. I told her that if she prefers she could find three inexperienced locals to do three of the four jobs I was doing. And I could easily work a regular schedule. She went to the showrunner saying I was being insubordinate. I was lucky the showrunner backed me up and even asked me if I wanted to continue working the overtime or hire more people. I made the choice to take the overtime.

“The point here is that the production executive at the studio was bullying me and had I not had the confidence of having done the job for years they would have probably succeeded at stealing from me.”

**Craig:** This is not at all shocking to me because John you and I both know that when these people – people who are pay masters at the studios – are dealing with us they’re also jerks. I mean, partly they’re professional jerks, right? I mean, not all of them are jerks. Don’t get me wrong. But a lot of times they will be really aggressive because the whole crux of their job is pay these people as little as possible. Well, if they’re doing that to us, you can only imagine what they’re doing to somebody like Greg who is apparently being held accountable for his hours while having no authority whatsoever over them. He’s being ordered to work. By the way, no one should be working that much. That’s insane.

**John:** No.

**Craig:** That’s absolutely insane.

**John:** Absolutely insane. The whole sidebar conversation that nobody should be working that many hours.

**Craig:** Correct. And this production executive should have seen that timecard and called the showrunner immediately. But how dare she call this person and say essentially I’m not paying you for this, because I don’t want to. Tough. Talk to the showrunner. Tell them, hey, you can’t do this anymore. And what really lights me on fire is the amount of money that we’re talking about there to cover what is essentially the discrepancy of one timecard between what she wants it to be and what it actually was is not significant to that company. Guaranteed.

**John:** It’s less than one visual effects shot on either of those pilots.

**Craig:** Thank you. So she spent time browbeating this person and chiseling them down for what? For what? I mean, if you don’t want this to be part of your culture then cancel it as part of your culture by going to the showrunners and saying don’t do that. By the way, showrunner, whoever you are, don’t do that anyway. I mean, I’m sorry. You need somebody to go to you and say hey this is a problem before you go, oh yeah, I guess that’s a problem? Do you not understand how the world works? That people can’t work 16 hours a day, seven days a week? Why would you ever put anyone in that position in the first place? It’s wrong. Hire more people. Hire more people. And pay them a fair wage. There you go. There’s a big plan.

**John:** On previous episodes we’ve talked about there have been legal cases that have challenged things, especially on interns. So there was the Black Swan case we talked about. There’s another Viacom case. Where there were unpaid interns who were being asked to do work that should be paid work. There probably is a lawsuit that could be taking situations like Greg’s and especially when they’re actually being instructed to fill out false timecards where you are stealing money from employees. And that is what a lawsuit like that would look like. And if I were a studio or an agency or an employer who was listening to this I would be concerned about that because those things can happen and it probably should happen.

So I’ll be curious whether any of that stuff comes up in this next period of time.

**Craig:** Well, you know, I suppose that’s what happens when you don’t have the wherewithal to be a decent human being and do the right thing in the first place. Now lawyers have to get involved to force you to do the right thing. But I have to look at these situations and say to myself the people that need to be talked to are the people that are employing. So the showrunners who employ these folks, the agents that employ these folks, the studio executives that employ them, the HR people. All of them. This has to come from the absolute top. Somebody at the top who sets the tone for everything has to sit them all down and say, “I’m sorry. I’m not going to be the head of a company that does this to human beings. I’m just not. I don’t care.”

And look I understand. Sometimes we’re going to have employees that aren’t good. Sometimes you’re going to have employees that steal, or break stuff, or are incompetent and will need to be fired. I understand. I get it. I’m not, I don’t know, I’m not a hippie. I’m just saying if you’re going to hire people you can’t work them 16 hours a day, seven days a week. You have to pay them a fair wage so that they can live there. And you don’t want a situation where the only people that can work for you are people whose moms and dads can send them checks. It’s outrageous.

**John:** All right. Well let’s assign some homework for some of our listeners. So, this is sort of a challenge to the showrunners, writers, executives, or agents who are listening. This would be a great week to take some time to figure out how much your assistants are actually being paid and how that translates to take home pay. It’s a great week to ask are these assistants paying for health insurance out of their own pocket. How are they covering health insurance? How are they getting to work? Literally what are some of their expenses in terms of showing up there and in showing up there how do they have to be dressed. Are you being realistic about the expenses it takes to be doing the job that you’re having them do? And what are your company’s rules about overtime? How are you avoiding Greg situations where people are working these insane numbers of hours?

So, my challenge to everyone who is listening who is an employer, please do take some time this week to really figure out what you are actually doing. Because I don’t want to mistake ignorance for malice. I don’t want to sort of ascribe some evil intent when it’s really just people who aren’t paying attention to how much they’re paying and how expensive it is to live in Los Angeles.

**Craig:** And I would also just advise anyone who feels themselves falling into the trap of saying, “Well, that’s what I got paid when I came in.” Just please understand if it was longer than 10 years ago, they’re getting paid less effectively because expenses have outpaced inflation. Your argument is not valid.

**John:** Anyone who says, “It’s always been that way,” is ignoring two things. First off, it’s always been that way doesn’t mean it was ever right. Second, it’s always been that way ignores how much more expensive it is to live in 2019 than whenever they’re comparing it back to. So, stop with it’s always been that way. It doesn’t mean it was right. It’s always been that way for there was sexual harassment and other things that were always happening that way. It was never right then and it had to stop. So, enough of that argument.

I’m curious, a couple things that have come up that I’ve seen on Twitter. People talk about like some folks are sharing their information along with their name, but I think a lot more people are scared to come forward and sort of put their name to things because fears of reprisals. Fears of it being held against them. Megana, have you seen people who have been writing in express that sentiment?

**Megana:** Definitely. And a lot of people who have been writing in, you know, are very scared that we’re going to use their information because a lot of them have signed NDAs and have experienced really vindictive employers who have jeopardized their career in certain ways. And also terrorized them while they were working for them. But you know people have been suggesting a town hall or some sort of way to express what they’re feeling in a public way and to be around other assistants and actually like feel that people are listening to them. But I think it’s just a difficult situation because these are the people in Hollywood who have the least power.

**Craig:** Mm-hmm. I would say that honestly an assistant’s name is actually far less important than the employer’s name. So, you know, if you want to keep your anonymity I fully support that. 100%. Look, your business is your business, right? Now obviously we’re trying to address something here. I’ve got to be honest. I’m not sure our general problem is that we’re short on evidence. In other words, ICM knows exactly what they pay their assistants. And now we know exactly what they pay their assistants. There’s no problem with that. Finding places and people and saying, “Look, I worked for this person. This person whose name is this pays their assistants this.” That’s valuable.

And it’s not like they can really get away with claiming that it’s a bunch of crap because people have pay stubs, right? So eventually you can show a paystub. But I don’t actually think that it’s super important for people to hang their name out there because I get it and I think the bigger piece of information is who is paying not enough.

**John:** I think this would be a great week for an employer to step up and say, “We’ve read through, we’ve looked at stuff, and we are now as a blanket policy raising the minimum we’re paying to anyone including our assistants to this figure.” And if it is a livable figure I think you get a lot of good publicity out of it. And especially if you really are backing it up with some program or some system that is encouraging upward mobility and not just sort of grinding people.

**Craig:** That’s who we change this. And I am all for assistants getting together and talking and sharing because you need to feel heard and you need to feel seen. And when you are in a jam situation a lot of times you start to feel like maybe it’s only you, or maybe you’re crazy, or maybe you’re just a whiner. And it’s really good to be able to share that stuff with other people and get perspective. But if we want to change this business what we need is someone powerful who runs a big company who listens to this and says, “I would like to be the first hero and do this.” And I hope we do get somebody. I mean, step forward, look at your numbers, and do it.

Please do it. And you know you can do it, by the way. Absolutely affordable. You know, I mean, it’s easy enough to look at some of these companies and say, all right, CEO shave 3% off your yearly income and it’s handled.

**John:** Yeah. Megana and Bo, thank you so much for coming on the show but also for all the work you’ve done this week sort of organizing and figuring out this massive information coming our way. So thank you both very much.

**Megana:** Thank you both for letting us on.

**Bo:** Thank you.

**Craig:** All right, now back to work, both of you. [laughs]

**John:** [laughs]

**Craig:** And also I’m not paying for the amount of time that you were on this. This doesn’t go on your timecard.

**Bo:** But I did puzzles today.

**Craig:** Nope. [laughs]

**John:** All right, let’s segue to our main topic for today. I’m calling this segment Minimum Viable Movie because it was two weeks ago I went into a class at USC. Howard Rodman teaches a screenwriting class. And once a year if I can I go in and talk with his students. And they have their movies broken out in index cards. And they lay out their cards and they talk through their movie. And it’s a really useful exercise, I think both for them but also for me talking through what do I actually think is a movie and how movies work when they’re just broken down on cards.

And in some cases these were clearly very talented writers who had interesting things to say, but I challenged them on is that actually a movie. There was one writer who I said you’re entering an interesting story place, but what you’re describing sounds like a musical without songs. That so much of what she was aiming to do was going to be unspoken. There was no way to actually get to what was interesting about what was happening inside those character’s heads. So in a musical you could expose those things. In a movie I didn’t see how she was planning to do it and she couldn’t articulate how she was planning to do it.

So, I thought you and I might take a few minutes to talk through what you actually need to have in order to have something that is a movie idea versus a something else idea.

**Craig:** Well, I understand that when you are young and maybe you’re in a program like that one over there at USC that you might have a tendency away from what we would call conventional narrative and conventional movie. And you may be thinking of more independent fare of the sort that occasionally is dubbed mumblecore. And there are movies that are seemingly unrestrained by narrative demands. And those are cool. It’s just that, you know, if that’s what you’re aiming for go and do it, but you’re probably not actually – you don’t really need to spend all that money at USC at that point. I really do believe. Do you know what I mean?

There are great lessons to be had.

**John:** I actually wanted to draw a big enough circle to include the mumblecore movies which are genuinely movies, but some things are – there’s things that people try to write that aren’t even that. And they may even write a full screenplay, but you read the screenplay and you’re like, yeah, but that’s not actually a movie. Because you and I have both had that experience where we read a script that’s not very good, but we can say like, oh, but that’s definitely a movie. I see why that’s a movie.

**Craig:** Sure.

**John:** Or other things that are actually well written, but like it’s good writing but it’s not a movie. And so I want to try to distinguish those two things. So, my first question would be is there a story. Is there a beginning, a middle, and an end?

**Craig:** Boy, this must have been some class over there. [laughs]

**John:** Well, here’s what it is. I’m not pushing for any one specific narrative theory or a thing that has to happen. It’s much less dogmatic than even sort of your Scriptnotes lesson when you talked through how to write a movie. But is it actually a story or are you just describing a situation? Because there are short stories that are really kind of just it’s a portrait. It’s a steady, still state of a thing. But there’s not forward movement. So that forward motion is a crucial aspect I think of a story that wants to be a movie.

**Craig:** Agreed. And I think probably it’s an essential building block of these things that the end be relevant to the beginning. In other words, you can have a beginning, you can have a middle, but if you end somewhere that has really nothing to do with the beginning it’s not actually an end. It’s just where the movie stopped. And that doesn’t count.

**John:** Nope. Is this a story that wants to be told on a screen? And by that I don’t mean it has to be on a giant screen. It doesn’t have to be projected. I’m not talking to classic feature film. But ask yourself is this idea really better as a book, a graphic novel, a stage play, a videogame, a VR experience. And that’s a question I ask myself when I had the idea that ultimately became Arlo Finch. I had all this stuff but I was like it’s not really a movie. And then I realized, oh, it’s actually a middle grade book series. That’s what it really wanted to be. But if I had tried to force it into movie shape at the start it really wouldn’t have worked.

And so I think it’s always worth asking is a movie the best way to explore this narrative, bunch of things that are interesting to you. Or is there a better way to do it? If it doesn’t have to be a movie, then it probably isn’t a movie.

**Craig:** Especially when you are contemplating a story that is very internal. If something really is living primarily in someone’s mind it’s probably a book.

**John:** Yeah. Books are great at that. And in Arlo Finch in the books I can go into Arlo’s head and really see what he’s thinking. And that is going to be very challenging to do in any screen adaptation. So ask yourself how externalized are character’s thoughts and motivations and ambitions. If they’re really internal then you kind of are writing a musical without songs and that’s going to be really challenging to do.

I’d ask is the story you’re trying to tell familiar to the point of being cliché. And so it’s absolutely fine to write within a genre. We’ve talked about how much we love rom-coms. But if you’re just stringing together the genre’s tropes then that’s not really a movie. There’s probably not a compelling reason to make that movie or a compelling reason to watch that movie. You have to really challenge yourself like given all the choices of things I could watch would you actually choose to watch that movie. And that should be a requirement before you’re going to spend months of your life writing this script.

**Craig:** I agree. I also think that if you are contemplating a story that is executed primarily through really big conversations you may be in trouble. I see this all the time. I think people sometimes have very meaningful conversations in their life and they think that’s a movie. It’s not. Generally speaking the stories of movies are pushed forward not by conversation but by events. Choices. Things that crash into people. Whatever it is. There are conversations and some of them are amazing. But movies that are just trying to mirror some conversation you had in your life will generally never be as interesting to other people as they are to you.

They kind of aren’t movies.

**John:** I would challenge you to look at the central characters in your story and are they compelling? Are they genuinely people you want to watch for two hours? And importantly does the action of the story happen because of things they do, or does the story happen to them? If it’s happening to them it’s unlikely to sort of really work as a movie because they’re just a cork sort of bobbing down the river as it goes down. They should be driving the action to some meaningful degree. And in driving the action classically you want to see them change.

I’m willing to go with characters who don’t change. I want to draw a really big circle around the kinds of things that can be OK to write as movies, but you have to have some characters. If you don’t have characters that are compelling to watch that make you want to stay with them for two hours – antiheroes, heroes, whatever. We’re not asking for likeable. Just compelling. Then you probably don’t have a movie.

**Craig:** I agree. And I think sometimes what happens with newer writers is they are in love with a kind of story. Maybe they come up with a great idea. But what they do is replicate their experience of enjoying movies. They create characters that are watching the movie that they’re in.

**John:** Yes.

**Craig:** And that is no bueno. We’re watching the movie. That means the character is the movie. The character can’t be watching it along with us. That’s just dreadful.

**John:** Nope. The last challenge I’d put for people is do you as the author have something interesting to say about this topic or this narrative space that you’re describing. Because if it’s just going to be another manifestation of this thing then sort of why. What is it you are bringing to this that is different than other people are bringing to this? What is it that really makes this movie a unique expression of this kind of story? If you don’t have that then it’s probably not the thing you should be writing next.

**Craig:** Yeah. I completely agree.

**John:** Cool. So with those caveats, again, I don’t want to make this sound like we’re against small movies or mumblecore or intimate ones or things that don’t fit a very classic Hollywood architecture. I’m all for experimental whatever. But in the experimental things that you’re trying to do is there are real reason why this thing should exist? Maybe it’s like some sort of video installation piece that doesn’t have to have plot or story or anything moving forward. That’s great. That’s terrific. But that’s not a movie you would be writing as a screenplay.

**Craig:** Could be a song. Could be an album. Could be a painting. There’s all sorts of ways to express yourself. Moving images on screen, whether it’s television or feature films, is really specific. It’s a very specific art form that some stories are perfectly suited to and others not at all.

**John:** Yep. All right. We’ve got two questions here to answer. Tom asks, “Have you done anything on developing and defining the concept of a franchise in TV and how that’s evolving? For example, take a classic procedural show like Chicago Fire or NYPD Blue. The traditional franchise of that show is the story of the week, usually with significant stakes. Yet it increasingly feels like the real franchise in TV shows is the interweaving of serialized relationship dramas between the characters. That’s what you keep coming back for week after week. Do you and Craig feel that the story of the week franchise model still drives television?”

**Craig:** Well, it seems like it’s been driving television for the network for quite some time. I mean, Dick Wolf, obviously our friend Derek Haas is the creator/co-creator of Chicago Fire. But that falls under the Dick Wolf empire. And he also has Law & Order and Law & Order: SVU and Law & Order: CVS. And Law & Order: IBB. And so on. And I assume that they do this a lot because it boosts ratings. It’s a good ratings event for network TV.

I mean, I get it. Networks are still pounding out 22 shows a season, you know. I mean, that’s a lot. You’ve got to give people some curve balls in there to keep them excited and keep them coming back. I don’t think this is at all the model for streaming or cable. I mean, generally speaking I don’t know of any streaming or cable property that is kind of a standalone story of the week type of show. They’re almost always serialized to some extent or another. And sometimes they’re even anthologized like American Horror Story.

So, yeah, I think it makes sense. It’s a network thing because networks have way more shows to put out there. And, hey, in return they get way more eyeballs. You got to tip your hat.

**John:** I look at the progression of the hospital show from the old ones which were incredibly straight procedural. Like you could watch them in any order and it would make sense. You have a show like ER which is largely procedural, but there was some ongoing stuff that happened week to week. And so relationships would develop and change. But if you just dropped in on an episode you could follow it completely. Grey’s Anatomy is much more the soap opera model of relationships. Like that is what you’re really focusing on. While there is medicine there, you move forward.

I think it ultimately comes back to what is the expectation of the audience as they start watching that show. Are they expecting to have ongoing relationships with these characters that grow and change that the interplay between them is really meaningful? Or are they looking for just a simple thing happens. Like the classic old Star Trek episodes you can kind of watch them in any order because it is an alien of the week that is really driving the plot of a given episode.

**Craig:** Yeah.

**John:** So it’s about expectation. And I do agree with Craig that what we’re seeing on premium cable and streaming and even increasingly now on network is much more about the relationships between the characters and not the this is the plot that is introduced at the start of the episode that will be resolved by the end of the episode.

**Craig:** Yeah. In fact streamers or at least when you look at Netflix they seem so utterly disinterested in the old model of get to this many episodes so that you can syndicate. That they will routinely cut off shows after three seasons no matter what. Because they’re just like, meh, people are still watching it, they like it, but let’s just stop spending money on it and let’s put something else in. Because the old way, the network way of doing things was, OK, you’re a production company. You’re going to deficit finance a show. It’s going to go on a network, meaning you’re not going to get in the license the network pays you it’s not enough to pay for the cost of making each show. So how does this make sense? Syndication. How do you get to syndication? You need a minimum of 100 episodes. So your show has got to be enough of a hit that it can last all that time.

Well, if you’re a streamer and you’re making your own show and putting it out there and there’s no syndication to have, it just endlessly syndicates on your own platform, cut it off. Actors are asking for too much money? Cut it off. Make a new thing. That’s where we’re going.

**John:** It is. All right, Paul writes, “I know spec scripts for TV shows are a thing. But I just finished a spec feature script for a film franchise that I definitely do not have the rights to. But I think it’s a good script and I wanted to show it to people. Is this the sort of thing that agents or whoever would be willing to look at? Or will they roll their eyes and say, “Ugh, fan fiction,” and toss it?”

So, before we answer Paul’s question, spec is such a weird term because it means a different thing in television than in features. So just as a refresher a spec script in television is a script that I write for an existing TV show. So I wasn’t hired to write it, but basically I could write a spec Chicago Fire. It’s not designed to actually be shot as Chicago Fire, but people can read it as a writing sample. So specs in TV are really writing samples.

A spec in feature is something you’re writing with the intention to sell. So you hear about a spec script selling, that is a feature thing basically.

**Craig:** Yeah. And part of the deal with that is that at least traditionally because the kind of television show you’d write a spec script for does churn out episodes and should theoretically be out next year and the year after that. And you usually write spec scripts for well-established, well liked shows. There’s a chance they could buy it. I mean, they need more episodes. They’re always going to need more episodes. They hire lots of writers. But if you’re talking about a movie, a film franchise, and just side note I hate the fact that we are all using this word “franchise” now. Like some soulless goon came up with this franchise thing to stick on top of art. It makes me nuts.

Franchises are McDonald’s, OK. But whatever, fine. We all lose. So, people have this film franchise and they’re not necessarily looking to you to write a script. They’re not going to make one or two or 12 this year. They’re going to make one every three years and they’re not looking for outside writers to deliver those. There’s just not the demand.

So, right off the bat it’s a little questionable. It is at best a sample for something. You’re never going to get full credit for it unless it’s wildly subversive. In other words, if you write a spec feature in a well-established series like Fast & Furious but it is entirely the opposite of what you would expect, it’s like one quiet evening and it’s drama and there’s no car chases whatsoever and that’s the point is that you’re being clever, maybe that would attract some eyes and people would go, oh, this is a creative individual.

But, yeah, I think mostly you’re just not going to get the credit you should because you’re borrowing other people’s characters. You’re borrowing other people’s scenarios. And you’re bothering other people’s tone. You will probably get quite a few rolled eyes and people saying, “Ugh, fan fiction.”

**John:** So, yes, I agree. You potentially could get some fan fiction knock back. I will say that when people write scripts intending them to be writing samples it is a moment for some wild swings. And so those wild swings are the things that end up on the Black List that ends up getting attention or ends up getting passed around. So if you had a great idea for a mash up of Fast & Furious and the Marvel movies that couldn’t exist in the real world and you chose to write that, you would write that knowing that this is never going to be a thing that actually sells, but some people might really dig it and it might get you some meetings. It might get you an agent. It might get you started.

So it’s not not worth your time. But understand that you’re never going to be able to sell that thing. But you’re also not going to be sued over it. They’re not going to come after you for writing a script like that because you’re not selling it. It’s fine to do that. You’re going to be OK doing that.

And it is a little bit more like what classic TV staffing was like is that I was writing a spec Frasier episode, not because I was even trying to get hired to write on Frasier, but I might want to be hired on Mad About You or some of the other shows that were staffing at the same time. So it’s an example of like can I use other people’s characters and write those voices.

Mindy Kaling on Twitter recently was talking about staffing for her show and she was like why doesn’t anybody write spec scripts anymore. Like I love reading specs of existing shows because I know the voices of those characters and I can see very quickly whether you can actually write the voices of those characters. And to her it was more helpful to see like not that you had a brilliant original voice of your own, but that you could actually write the voice of these other existing shows.

So it goes back and forth. There’s reasons why both things exist. But I would say to Paul if he has the compelling idea and he probably also has some other original things he’s written and he wants to write this thing that he can’t actually sell, maybe.

**Craig:** Yeah. I’m a little concerned that that’s your one thing. If you’ve got three things, and that’s one of them that’s fine. But if your one thing is that I’m concerned that you are doing fan fiction and that you aren’t capable of doing a script without that kind of Hamburger Helper. So I would challenge you, Paul, to do a script without the Hamburger Helper. See how you do.

**John:** Agreed. All right, it’s time for our One Cool Things. I actually have two this week–

**Craig:** Thank god.

**John:** But they’re both music related and it was a good week for music for me. The first is Taylor Swift did a Tiny Desk concert for NPR. It’s the ongoing NPR series where they invite in musicians and they perform a little concert in the NPR offices. What I liked about hers was not so much the performance but her talking between the songs. So there was no interviewer. She was just talking about writing the songs. And she talked about this one song Lover which was the title track on the album just sort of came to her all at once and it was the fantasy of like, oh, she sat down at the piano, the whole thing was there. She didn’t know where it came from. And she was like well that will be the title track. Like it all just works. But sometimes you show up at the piano and it just doesn’t work and that’s when you fall back on your craft to try to figure out how stuff fits together and how to make the thing work.

And it was just nice to hear somebody in a completely field talk about what I often experience. There are those moments where it just all flows so naturally and you don’t even know where it all came from. And other times when it’s a lot of craft and it’s a lot of pushing stuff around and making it work.

So, I’d encourage you to take a look at that. The second thing, Craig, I think you’ll appreciate.

**Craig:** I love this. I read it. I gobbled it up.

**John:** Seth Stevenson at Slate wrote a piece about The Terminator theme. And we’ll play this here so you can hear what we’re talking about. As you listen to it [music plays] it’s striking but a thing I used to do with my daughter in the car is as the radio was playing I’d ask her what count is this song in. And so she’d clap her hands and she’d figure out whether it was four, or three, or six. And very quickly sort of be able to figure out music tends to be three, four, six. Every once in a while you’ll get something really fancy. You’ll get like a take five, which is in five-four.

As you’re listening to this Terminator theme what time signature is this? And so you can try to count in four but it doesn’t work. You can try to count it in six, and it doesn’t work. And so there’s ongoing debate about it. So Seth Stevenson was able to go to the composer to actually talk to him about what happened. And the reason why it’s in such a crazy time signature is because of how it was actually made and sort of the state of looping software back in those times. And basically he couldn’t make the times match up right so it ended up in this impossible time signature that would be very hard for an orchestra to play for example.

So I thought it was just a great example of math and music and movies, so a combination of all the things we love.

**Craig:** They run it through carefully and come up with 13-16. It’s in 13-16. So, really what’s happening is it’s in a weird decimal of a four. I mean, whatever 13 divided by four is. What is that?

**John:** 12 and a fourth. Four, four and a quarter. Basically there’s an extra quarter.

**Craig:** Extra quarter note.

**John:** Yeah.

**Craig:** It’s so weird. It is a bizarre – it’s like so if you were to express four-four time in 16ths then it’s just 16 number 16. Easy. And three-four time is 12 over 16. So, 13 over 16 is almost in three but there’s a little extra bit. It’s like a tiny little extra bit in there. It is bizarre. You would never do it on purpose.

I mean, I love weird time signature stuff. I mean, if you want to look at some crazy time signature stuff Here Comes the Sun has some wacky crap that happens in it just for a few measures here and there. Led Zeppelin pulls out a nine-eight at one point I think for The Ocean. And then we have Solsbury Hill in seven-four, which is always fun. I like the songs in seven. And seven is really just alternating four and three I think. This is where musicians will probably get angry at me, but that’s how I kind of think of it.

**John:** Yeah. So take a look at it. Take a listen to it. I like that Seth Stevenson had a question and actually tracked down the composer to find the answer.

**Craig:** Yeah. Beautiful. Wonderful job. Well, you know what. You had two. That covers me. I feel great.

**John:** Good. That’s our show for this week. Scriptnotes is produced by Megana Rao. Thanks to Megana and to Bo for their help this week.

**Craig:** Indeed.

**John:** It was edited by Matthew Chilelli. Our outro this week is by Tyler Adams. If you have an outro you can send us a link to ask@johnaugust.com. That’s also the place where you can send longer questions or assistant emails.

For short questions on Twitter, Craig is @clmazin. I am @johnaugust.

You can find the show notes for this episode and all episodes at johnaugust.com. That’s also where you’ll find the transcripts. You can find all the back episodes of the show at Scriptnotes.net. You can also download 50-episode seasons at store.johnaugust.com.

Craig, thanks so much for a jam-packed episode.

**Craig:** Thanks man.

**John:** Cool. Bye.

Links:

* [Austin Film Festival Schedule](https://austinfilmfestival.com/festival-and-conference-aff/2019-full-schedule/)
* Taylor Swift [Tiny Desk Concert on NPR](https://www.npr.org/2019/10/16/770318649/taylor-swift-tiny-desk-concert)
* [What Is the Time Signature of the Ominous Electronic Score of The Terminator?](https://slate.com/culture/2014/02/the-time-signature-of-the-terminator-score-is-a-mystery-for-the-ages.html) by Seth Stevenson
* [John August](https://twitter.com/johnaugust) on Twitter
* [Craig Mazin](https://twitter.com/clmazin) on Twitter
* [John on Instagram](https://www.instagram.com/johnaugust/?hl=en)
* [Outro](http://johnaugust.com/2013/scriptnotes-the-outros) by Tyler Adams ([send us yours!](http://johnaugust.com/2014/outros-needed))

Email us at ask@johnaugust.com

You can download the episode [here](http://traffic.libsyn.com/scriptnotes/scriptnotes_ep_423_minimum_viable_movie.mp3)

Scriptnotes, 424: Austin Film Festival, Transcript

November 4, 2019 Scriptnotes Transcript

The original post for this episode can be found [here](https://johnaugust.com/2019/austin-film-festival-2019).

**John August:** Hey, this is John. Today’s episode of Scriptnotes was recorded live at the Austin Film Festival. I wasn’t there, but I’m told the language gets a bit salty, so keep that in mind before you listen. Enjoy.

**Craig Mazin:** Hello and welcome. My name is Craig Mazin and this is Scriptnotes. A podcast about screenwriting and things—

**Crowd:** That are interesting to screenwriters.

**Craig:** Pitch perfect. And we are live in Austin once again at the Austin Writers Conference in a packed room.

[Audience cheers]

**Craig:** I wish all of you at home could see the enthusiasm in this room right now. I am so excited to be here. John isn’t with us this year, but I’m in control now. So, strap in everyone. This is going to be interesting. And I assure you as I always do that there’s going to be a lot of time for Q&A because I do believe that, you know, honestly that’s why you’re here. We have incredible guests. And so I want to introduce them one by one.

Today joining us on the stage we have Ayanna Floyd who – Ayanna has written at a very high level on Hannibal and The Chi and the upcoming Cotton Club series which I believe you’re the showrunner of the upcoming Cotton Club series. Is that right?

**Ayanna Floyd:** It’s Dead-ish.

**Craig:** Ish. I like it. That’s good enough for me. Next to them we have two up and coming writers named David Benioff and Dan Weiss. And you may know them from Gamay of Thrones. [laughs] We have the great Liz Hannah with us tonight. Liz Hannah has written The Post, and she is also on Mindhunter. Come on.

Never one to sit around and wait, Nichelle Tramble has shown up just in time – by the way, you look beautiful tonight. Did you put like, OK, something is going on there. This is great. Nichelle Tramble, I’ve got a thing with Nichelle. And her husband is right next to her. It’s weird. What room are you in? [laughs] Nichelle Tramble has written on Justified, The Good Wife, and she is the showrunner and creator of the upcoming Truth Be Told on Apple. Nichelle Tramble.

And next to her, Malcolm Spellman, who isn’t my oldest but is my dearest friend in the world, and has written on Empire and is the showrunner of the upcoming Falcon and the Winter Soldier from Marvel. Malcolm Spellman.

And then just to mix it up a total failure. David Mandel unfortunately has only written on Saturday Night Live, Conan O’Brien, Seinfeld, Curb Your Enthusiasm, and Veep. I’m so sorry.

Well, we’ve got quite a show in store for you all. I’ve got some normal questions that I’m going to throw out to you guys. Please all feel free to chip in, even if I don’t necessarily address them to you. And we’re going to have a little bit of a fun game we’re going to play later. And then we’re going to turn it over to the audience for Q&A. And it’s going to be a great old time. And then when it’s over, more drinking. So, hooray, welcome to Austin.

So I want to start with David Benioff and Liz and Malcolm. We all have something in common. We were in movies. We started in features and now we find ourselves in TV. And I’m just kind of curious for you guys is there any interest in going back or is this kind of a permanent exodus? Are people just leaving features and going to TV and not returning?

**David Benioff:** Liz?

**Liz Hannah:** Malcolm?

**Malcolm Spellman:** Um, it’s funny. I did this little panel at the WGA for black writers. And the statistic was like if African-Americans made up 1.5% of feature writers, it went down in its diversity push to 1%. So–

**Craig:** Oh, so the diversity is working.

**Malcolm:** It’s – my point being I think the feature business is so hostile and closed, it’s a worthless cause. I don’t think we should bother with it. They can have that shit. We’re doing good stuff. We’re making a difference with TV.

**Craig:** To be clear, they is white people.

**Malcolm:** So what was the woman’s name from Crazy Rich Asians? The writer?

**Craig:** Adele Lim.

**Malcolm:** Who needs that shit? You know what I’m saying? They can have it. They can just fail on their own.

**Craig:** Let me put a little context there. She was very successful, but she had difficulty getting paid what she thought was a fair amount to return for the sequel. I didn’t want you to misunderstand Malcolm there. So, continue. I’m just thinking of Twitter and how it is.

**Malcolm:** So, fuck no.

**Craig:** I’m protecting you as best I can.

**Malcolm:** Like what I’m presenting to you all is, no, the truth is, you know, an occasional thing might come around where it’s worth it just because I know the experience is going to be great, but I have no intention of giving them my energy or creativity in a meaningful way ever again. Fuck ‘em.

**Craig:** Well, that was a bit of a mushy answer. David Benioff, you and Dan Weiss, you’ve made a new deal to make programming for Netflix, but Netflix of course is kind of it could be features, it could be television. Does it even matter? Or is it just sort of mushed together for you guys now?

You can’t throw this one to Liz.

**Dan Weiss:** Dave?

**David Benioff:** Malcolm took my answer.

**Craig:** In case you wondering what it meant to be a professional, there it is. You’re not that funny. Don’t even try. Guys?

**Dan:** What was the question?

**Craig:** The question is—

**David Mandel:** Craig, is this the vamping part or did we start yet?

**Liz:** It’s so nice you’re still holding onto your questions so tightly because those should just be thrown away.

**Craig:** No, oh no, no. John would be very upset. I have to try at my best. So the question for you guys is, you know, you did a lot of feature work. You guys had enormous success in television. Is there any road back to features like traditional features, or no?

**David Benioff:** I think the thing that would be hard to go back to is on every feature I worked on I never once sat in on a casting session. I never once sat in in the edit bay. Never once sat in hiring department heads, any of that stuff. Because that’s just the way it is for screenwriters on a feature. And so to have the experience that Dan and I had on Thrones where we got to do that stuff, and that was so much fun, and that’s so crucial to telling a story, to give that up and go back I think would be really hard.

**Dan:** I mean, that said, Netflix is fluid in that way. So if the opportunity arises to tell – I mean, some stories need 75 hours, some stories need 87 minutes. And if we have stories to tell that need 87 minutes and we can find a way to do them there that lets us tell stories the way we’ve been telling stories for the past 10 years then, yeah, that would be great.

Obviously all of us here grew up on movies. Everybody in this room grew up on movies. We haven’t kicked to the curb the things that built us.

**Craig:** Malcolm has.

**Dan:** Malcolm. He has, but like–

**Craig:** Definitively. I believe his words were “Fuck ‘em.”

**David Mandel:** And I was just going to say possibly by association we’ve all been ruined tonight. It’s very possible just sitting here with him on this stage.

**Craig:** Liz Hannah, what do you think?

**Liz:**But also like, yeah, I mean, Malcolm is right. Why shouldn’t he feel that way? And why shouldn’t he not want to work in movies because of that? I don’t think it’s dismissive as like, yeah, fuck it. I don’t think it’s a joke. I think it’s real. Like I think it’s like, yeah, fuck ‘em. If they’re not going to look at you and respect you then don’t do it.

And your question of going back to features and working in TV is, look, we’re writers. Writers are not respected as much in features as they are in television. It’s a fact.

**Craig:** It is. I have felt it myself. Well—

David Mandel: I was just going to – a serious point just wherever this fits in, and I know obviously Chernobyl most recently, but you were a comedy writer as once and a while I was. I mean, what little movies they make, none of them are comedies. The movies that I guess what little I used to sell, they don’t even make those anymore.

**Craig:** That’s right.

David Mandel: I mean, literally don’t make them. They don’t exist. Like the notion of the – you know, the first thing I did with Schaffer and Berg was – the goal was, hey, we’re going to sort of spec sell and make a $15 million little movie that’s funny. Just nonexistent. And that’s crazy.

**Liz:**I’m going to also counter. The two movies that I have made, one was a political film about two people in their 50s in 1971 and nobody fucks. And then the second one was a romantic comedy in 2019 when everybody said romantic comedies were dead. And not a lot of people saw the romantic comedy, to be fair. But people liked it. And people had a conversation about what romantic comedy was in the new era. And so I will say like what it taught me in that experience of working in features and working in television is like nothing we think is expected is expected. Or like nothing we think matters matters. Like let’s just do the things we want to do.

Like I wanted to write the American president in 2019. I wanted to write a movie about falling in love with my husband in 2019. And I thought nobody would want to see it. And not a lot of people did.

**Craig:** So you were right. Nobody wanted to see it.

**Liz:**But people did—

**Craig:** Some people wanted to see it.

**Liz:**Some people wanted to. But what I’m saying is like I think if we’re going to make movies now it has to be about us investing enough into it. Like it can’t just be about projects that we’re being assigned. And it can’t just be about things that we’re doing because they want us to do them. It has to be because you’re committing to do it. It has to be the way we’re doing TV now which is you’re committing ten years of your life. To do a movie now should be like I’m putting my soul into it.

**Craig:** Well that’s a great dream. I mean, I think mostly what’s available now for features is kind of what they want you to do, sort of the inventory that they have. And obviously a great night for those of you who want to be in features, so. So welcome to the show. And good luck.

**Dan:** Watch Craig go back to features.

**Craig:** Probably. Since you all abandoned it all of that money is mine.

**Dan:** Nobody is there. Nobody is there.

**Craig:** Ayanna and Nichelle, two of you. I want to talk to the two of you because now we’re going to switch over to the television world and the way it’s changing. And I think of the two of you as great examples of people that come in in kind of a traditional route. You come in, you’re working as writers. You impress – we were talking about this at dinner – and you go up and up and up. There’s a ladder. And you climb the ladder and you get to the top of the ladder and you make your own show. You run your own show.

But I have this weird feeling that these days that ladder is getting short-circuited. That suddenly people are just showing up and suddenly they’re making a show. And maybe they’re not necessarily ready. And I wanted to ask the two of you what your experience is of that and if you think that the ladder is being disrupted. The normal progress.

**Ayanna:**Yes, the normal progress is being disrupted. And on one hand it’s a good thing, because it’s allowed for people who look like me to kind of kick the door in.

**Craig:** Beautiful.

**Ayanna:** That. And black. [laughs]

**Craig:** Oh, I want to assure you I totally see color.

**Ayanna:** So it’s allowed many of us to come in, because the traditional route that I went through, that Nichelle went through, there is absolute value in it. Also, it took me twice as long to climb that ladder and it wasn’t always fun. And it was sometimes harder than it needed to be. So I can appreciate people just coming in and kicking the door down. Right?

On the other side, I won’t say which show, but I have noticed that a lot of younger writers are just not equipped. I mean, they’re just not equipped.

**Craig:** They’re not ready.

**Ayanna:** They’re not ready. And in they’re in rooms and they’re getting opportunities that they are absolutely not ready for. And what’s going to happen is and what often happens is they get minimized very quickly. And I also worry – we talk about this all the time – when the industry starts to shrink, because it will, because there’s so much television, so much content, where will those people go? And what will happen? And that’s why my thing is always you have to focus on the craft. You have to work hard. And you, you know, writing is a process. It’s not a destination. I still have insecurities as a writer. I just called Nichelle a couple of weeks ago and I was like, hey, I’ve got a pitch coming up. Can I talk to you about it? Like those types of things matter.

And I do feel like it has gotten a little lost.

**Craig:** Professionalism. It seems like what you’re talking about is professionalism.

**Ayanna:**Basically. I’m trying to be nice. [laughs]

**Craig:** No, no. I think that there’s a real concern that as the door gets kicked open and things get short-circuited that some people are going to come in, they’re not ready. They have an initial failure and they just leave. Right? They don’t go through. Nichelle, what’s your perspective on this?

**Nichelle Tramble:** Well, the way that I saw that when I was staffing for Truth Be Told, I would get submissions from agents for writers for staff. And they were, you know, at a producer level or supervising producer level. And then when I looked at their actual credits they were on shows that had four episodes, six episodes, ten episodes. And so they were getting that bump after every year, but the experience wasn’t there.

And that didn’t make any sense to me. I felt like I know if you finish a season but seasons have shrunk. On The Good Wife we did 22 episodes. So after four years on The Good Wife you’ve done a lot of TV. Yeah, so that’s a huge difference. So if you come to me and you’ve gotten a bump up the ladder but you only have 12 episodes total it didn’t make any sense. And it didn’t make any sense in the room or on the page because there were just a lot of basic things that weren’t learned and weren’t there, from basic writing an outline or a story document or something like that, to simple room etiquette. And that’s a big deal.

**Craig:** Room etiquette.

**Nichelle:** Yeah.

**Craig:** And Malcolm, you’re running a room. How do you kind of bring the new kids along to kind of get them educated about what the room etiquette is? And if they’re struggling do you lift them up or do you let them sink?

**Malcolm:** It’s getting to the point now where we are – me and Nichelle personally – trying to cultivate a farm league. Because the people coming in now there’s a culture clash that’s going on with I’m not–

**Craig:** Don’t worry about it. Just go ahead and blow it up.

**David Mandel:** Just say it. Just say Fuck ‘em.

**Craig:** Fuck ‘em.

**David Mandel:** Fuck ‘em. Come on, no, no, fuck ‘em.

**Malcolm:** It’s funny, can I side bar real quick? When I first started doing round tables with you and getting around guys like this, you’re at home and you’re thinking you’re super funny and you’re a genius. And then you get around the big leagues and you’re like they can do that shit all fucking day, 18 hours.

**Craig:** Mandel has still got some heat on his fast ball.

**Malcolm:** Yeah. That’s what Wilmore told me. I was in the–

**Craig:** One of the Scary Movies?

**Malcolm:** Super hero one.

**Craig:** Oh, yeah, yeah.

**Malcolm:** And Wilmore was killing me. And he knew it. And I was walking out and he said, “You like that heat I was throwing in there?” [laughs]

**Craig:** You’ve still got it.

**Malcolm:** But, no, I do think it’s become difficult because you’re dealing with like Ayanna and Nichelle said a lack of experience that really is – you can’t miss it. You’re dealing with people who are coming there as a sense of entitlement. TV has exploded in a way, I don’t know if any industry has exploded the same way. It is more than double than what it was seven years ago.

**Craig:** No question.

**Malcolm:** Right? Which means if that many new jobs are occurring the vetting system must be different. And expectation for writers coming in it’s obviously going to be a little bit less – what’s the word – like the fight isn’t the same because the fucking industry just blew up. And so these people walk into your room not having suffered the way pretty much all of us on this stage have. And the way they carry themselves is not appropriate.

**Craig:** They haven’t been broken down completely yet.

**Malcolm:** They’ve got no sense of regard for what you’ve done. And so now I think the backlash that’s coming – I don’t think we’re the only ones – is people are starting to say, “Fuck that. Let me groom my own youngsters and bring in people who I think are solid.” Cause these other people coming in from the outside are not built right.

**Craig:** They don’t get it.

**Malcolm:** They’re not built right, yeah.

**Craig:** And there’s not the respect that’s required.

**David Mandel:** We had it both ways on Veep. One I guess success story and one I guess not. Which was my first season, taking over the show sort of midway, I mostly went with veterans. I wanted people I felt – because I felt like we weren’t going to get a lot of wiggle room. That people had expectations. And so there wasn’t a lot of room, but I did hire a staff writer and I realize I’m going to keep it somewhat vague, although obviously you can look it up.

And it didn’t work out.

**Craig:** Right now if you want to, by the way.

**David Mandel:** But I’ll leave it at that. It did not work out. It was just not a good year. And I blame myself partially. The job was overwhelming. I did not have the opportunity to mentor this person the way I hoped I would. And a couple of the other senior writers tried to step in. And, I don’t know. It didn’t work.

However, we had a writer’s PA who is a stand up in her own world and in one of the stages of Veep, I guess for lack of a better word I just “gather-alls.” Like when we’re doing a scene, I just get them and I get them anonymously. I mean, they’re just handed to me by writer’s assistants. And I just go through them and I’m mixing and matching and adding my own stuff. And I don’t know whose is what. Best joke wins. That’s all I care about.

And at some point like a year into it someone said, “Amelia is getting a lot on. I mean, just jokes and stuff.” And it was just sort of like fantastic. And when we came back we made her a staff writer. And I think for her it did help that she had been around the room. Someone mentioned room etiquette, whatever. I think that she had learned—

**Craig:** The culture.

**David Mandel:** Not just rooms in general, but she had learned our room to our extent. And she’s off on her career and I couldn’t be more happy. So it does work both ways. But it’s hard. You bump into people that have the exec-producer credit and you just cannot believe that they have it. I don’t know what else to say.

**Craig:** Right. I know it’s something that you used to have to – that was the height. You know, you finally climbed to the top of the mountain. And now they’re just sort of—

**Dan:** Are you talking about us? Is he talking about us?

**Craig:** Pretty much. Yeah. We’ll get to you in a minute. But first I want to talk a little bit more with Dave Mandel down there. Because Dave when it comes to television you’ve had a remarkable run. It’s rare to just keep winning. It’s actually frustrating to me.

**David Mandel:** Let the record show my movie credits are just shit.

**Craig:** I was going to go through those. But, first, it seems to me that at some point there’s more than just talent going on. What do you think is the secret to making what I think is the hardest genre – comedy – to make it work time and time again almost without fail? What is going on there?

**David Mandel:** I guess from my perspective and I was really – I was very lucky at Saturday Night Live to work under some just incredible people. At Saturday Night Live Al Franken was kind of my mentor and then a man named Jim Downy, which if you know Saturday Night live maybe people know the legend of—

**Craig:** The great Jim Downy. You guys know him as the guy who says, “What you just said may be the stupidest thing.” That guy.

**David Mandel:** And he was also the change bank guy. But he literally might be the funniest human being on earth. And most of anything you kind of ever liked on Saturday Night Live from Strategery to Fred Garvin Male Prostitute was Jim Downy. And I learned, I mean I was there for three years. And to this day I write a joke and I think to myself that’s a Jim joke, that’s an Al joke, you know, those pieces of it.

And then when I got to Seinfeld, Larry really taught me to write a show, an outline. And he had learned basically because he had never worked on a traditional sitcom. So he was not taught in a room by that – just to be clear, comedy rooms are very different than your guys’ rooms. Comedy rooms are atrocious. Comedy rooms are group thought and group write. And I do all the work but it’s your turn to write it so you write it, even though I did all the work. You know, what seems funny at 2am where you’re watching a show going, “What?”

And so that stuff, that structure, those lessons that those of us that were there getting those lessons, I think that’s what we sort of went out and did. And, I don’t know, that’s what has carried me through I feel like.

**Craig:** Well, it has certainly worked. Now, you two, since you were so insistent, Dan. You guys I think better than pretty much anybody that I’ve ever experienced as a television watcher made me enjoy and dread anticipation. I mean, my heart legitimately would race at the beginning of a new season of Game of Thrones. I don’t know if – I’m not that jaded. I mean, I would get so excited. And I would get so excited to see how the season would end.

And that anticipation it feels like is kind of maybe going away. It’s something that obviously networks still do. They show something once a week. HBO still does it. They show something once a week. But even for stuff like HBO/networks, there’s also the option to just wait and binge it. And then for Netflix there is not option. It’s just there it all is. Do you think that the binge model or the unenforced anticipation is something that is going to change the way you actually approach things creatively as you go forward?

**Dan:** Speaking for me, I don’t think so. I mean, I think you want to tell a story. Your episode you want to be the best episode it can be. Your season you want to be the best season it can be. I don’t think it would really – you’re trying to game the system to try to hook people into – you’re doing that anyway by the nature of the medium. Like yeah, you do an episode of television, you want someone to watch the next episode of television. But I don’t think – I’m speaking for me, slightly speaking for us, not speaking for the companies that we work for because they may have different agendas – but will it change the way that TV is experienced by us, like the big us? Will it change the way that these stories affect us as a whole? Without question.

I mean, what you’re talking about is a group phenomenon. It’s a societal phenomenon. Something shows up and you watch it, or you don’t, and then you discuss it with the people you care about the next day. And we’ve all felt that changing.

**Craig:** It’s kind of replacing the water cooler. So the water cooler was, “Did you see blankety-blank last night?” And now the water cooler is, “Have you watched this series yet?”

**Dan:** And this is an HBO show I’m referencing now, not even a binge show. But like Succession.

**Craig:** Yeah. That feels like a water cooler show.

**Dan:** Which is a water cooler show. And yet even that, which is a water cooler show that is released week by week. We were at dinner tonight talking about it and he’s like, “I’m on this episode. I’m on that episode.” Half of the table is plugging their ears when somebody else talks about the thing they haven’t seen.

**Liz:**It was you. You were plugging your ears.

**Dan:** I was plugging my ears. I was talking to myself.

**Craig:** You’re not half the table. You’re just one man.

**Liz:**Earmuffs.

**Dan:** In my mind I was half the table.

**Craig:** Yeah.

**Dan:** And that experience extrapolated out to what does it mean when everybody watches things at their own pace, that’s going to change the group experience. No question.

**Craig:** Do you feel any difference in terms of – or even any kind of sense of loss of that model? Because it seems like it’s going to just go away completely.

**David Benioff:** Well, I don’t know. We’ve argued about that, right? I mean, Malcolm thinks it’ll come back.

**Malcolm:** [Unintelligible].

**Craig:** Well, go ahead Malcolm.

**Dan:** You think it’s coming back.

**Craig:** Is there another “fuck ‘em” in our future?

**Malcolm:** No, but it’s not going away. And you could always binge HBO shows. It’s just Netflix doing that shit. And no one else – the people who are about to possibly eat their lunch–

**Craig:** Disney+.

**Malcolm:** As we’re talking about, they’ll release a couple in a row. But they have all separately decided that week-to-week is more bang for your buck. Marketing. It extends the conversation.

**Nichelle:** Apple will release three episodes and then go week to week.

**Craig:** Really?

**Nichelle:** Yeah.

**Craig:** Is that news? Did you just break some news? Because I haven’t heard that. Well, that should send the stock moving up or down. I don’t know which one. But that’s a fascinating model. It’s the crack model. Let’s face it, it’s crack.

Apple is a crack dealer. We know that. That’s brilliant.

**Malcolm:** I was just saying that’s all of Hulu, Disney+, Apple, all using pretty much the exact same model.

**David Benioff:** With three?

**Malcolm:** Two or three.

**Craig:** So two or three, and then they go week to week. So obviously they see something inherently valuable in that kind of dribs and drabs.

**Malcolm:** We’re all fighting about this by the way.

**Craig:** It is amazing. The fights that go on. It’s gorgeous. Liz, please go ahead.

**Liz:**I also want to say it has to do with what the point of what you’re releasing is. Because if you’re releasing something and it’s episodic based and you are breaking it episodically and you are telling the story that way in a very strictly – I’m using quotes – as we know television format, then yes, that works.

If you’re breaking something that you’re using 10 hours of television to be released that way then that doesn’t necessarily work. That is why Netflix exists. That is why you’re saying whatever the three and six or full drop on Hulu or whatever it is works. Like I think there is a benefit to this fluctuating system we have as storytellers to say like Mindhunter is maybe the slowest burn ever. And so – for me personally, in a positive way. And I don’t think it would ever be built to be as a weekly drop. And would ever be built as a three and then multiple drop. And that’s intentional. And that’s from the top down.

And so I think you have to look at it creatively from the beginning of like what is the story you’re telling. How do you want this to be told? And how do you want to tell it? And then say where are we going to release it from there.

**Dan:** Malcolm, I think that’s a really good answer.

**Craig:** Malcolm just smiled. That’s a terrible smile. I’ve seen it before. It’s horrible. Only terrible things come after it. Dave, I think you were going to say something.

**David Mandel:** Oh, I had a shitty HBO Max joke that I was going to try.

**Craig:** No better time to workshop it than now.

**David Mandel:** It was going to be – they’ve got a different plan. It’s going to be $50 a month and it’s only going to be on DIRECTV. And it’s going to be really something special. HBO Max. See me if you want to sign up afterwards. It’s not bad. Not great. But yeah.

**Craig:** It’s on the way, man. I feel like that’s on the way. If you had a choice, Ayanna, if you had a choice, just like Liz is saying. Some shows want to be one thing, some shows want to be another. But Netflix is like this is how we do it. And HBO goes this is how we do it. If you had a choice, what’s your druthers? You want it all out there, or do you want to kind of go the week by week? Because I can see positives in either direction.

**Ayanna:** I just watched this show on Netflix called Rhythm and Flow. It was great. It was a rap competition. Did you guys see it?

**Craig:** Yeah, it was cool.

**Ayanna:** I liked the way they released it. They did three episodes every week. So they did—

**Craig:** OK, so they’re coming up with new plans now.

**Ayanna:** Six, nine. Yeah. I think I like that. I think week to week, I don’t know, I have a touch of ADD.

**Craig:** Just a touch.

**Ayanna:** Yeah. [laughs]

**Craig:** [speaks in French].

**Ayanna:** I don’t like the idea that – I want to be in the conversation. I don’t like the conversation to be ahead of the conversation or behind the conversation. But I think somewhere like in the middle.

**Craig:** You know, I think these compromise solutions are really interesting because the only thing that I’ve ever thought about this releasing stuff, just because television up until I guess five years ago was released exactly one way. Week by week by week. And there is – so it’s interesting to look at what this means. And the only thing that I think is that if you release it all at once there is a sort of implied devaluation of the material. And so I really like this kind of hybrid model, where they’re sort of acknowledging, look, you’re all too impatient to wait.

**Ayanna:** But I will say that something like Chernobyl, like what was it six episodes?

**Craig:** Five.

**Ayanna:** Five. OK.

**Liz:** Who wrote Chernobyl?

**Craig:** Yeah, yeah. Yeah, I did that. I did that.

**Dan:** That wasn’t funny. It wasn’t funny.

**Liz:** Was that the half-hour sitcom on Fox?

**Craig:** We brought in Mandel and he just killed it. I mean, just all the funny. Yeah.

**Ayanna:** But something like that, I say week to week.

**Craig:** It seemed to help us, week to week.

**Ayanna:** I say week to week. Five episodes or a shorter order.

**Craig:** Well that was kind of heavy, wasn’t it? I mean, it’s like who wants to watch all that at once?

**David Benioff:** I would say there’s also an argument that it doesn’t matter that much. You know? I came to Breaking Bad really late because we were in the middle of making Thrones. And I didn’t get to it until I think the final season was split into two. And between the first half of the final season and the second was when I started watching it. And then I just became an addict and was watching an episode on the way to set on the iPad, in the back seat, and then on the way back from set. And just blew threw it in a couple weeks. And then had to wait for the final half of the season where I watched them in real time with everybody. And watching it both ways was incredible. And at the end of the day it’s because Breaking Bad was fucking great.

And so, you know, the argument is interesting and it’s professionally very interesting to us, but I don’t know if there’s necessarily an answer. Or it’s just if the show is good enough–

**Craig:** Then it doesn’t really matter.

**Dan:** I think this matters more to the people who aren’t us. Or should matter more to the people who aren’t in this room and the people who aren’t us. I’m not saying we spend no time thinking about it. We spend–

**Craig:** Not a lot of time.

**Dan:** Tiny bit of time thinking about it. But honestly like I don’t give a shit.

**Craig:** It’s not in the forefront of your mind. I mean, I’ll tell you, Dave, I actually watched Breaking Bad almost exactly the same way you did. And I take your point. I think maybe I suppose you could say the fact that it was released week by week helped it become what it was. So it helped people–

**David Benioff:** Also Netflix helped it become what it was.

**Craig:** Well, exactly.

**Malcolm:** We have [unintelligible], let’s be clear about that.

**Dan:** That’s how we all – a lot of us that’s how we all experienced it.

**Craig:** That’s how my 14-year-old daughter has watched every episode of Friends, a show that was made well before she was born. So it is transforming things.

**David Benioff:** But Vince Gilligan—

**Liz:**But I guess I don’t understand why we’re having the argument or having—

**Craig:** We’re not having an argument.

**Liz:**Not an argument.

**Dan:** Because we have an hour to kill.

**Liz:**Settle down right now. It’s just like why don’t we look at it as there is a plethora of options. And let’s make content we want to make and let’s find the place to make it. And find the place that will let us make it the way we want to make it.

**Craig:** Well, the good news is there’s more of those places than ever.

**David Mandel:** Sorry, just to make an actual real point. I truly meant the shit I have been saying, not what you were saying. But I was going to say, not a joke, I do think the week to week model allows you to grow into a show. And there are shows where I think if they were just dumped out there and you were only given the binge option and there was either – and I’m not talking about a situation where you’re binging late and other people are saying to you, “No, no, no, stick with it. Get at least to episode four,” that there are certain shows that develop, sort of figure themselves out a little slower and there is something – I guess I am a fan of the traditional version.

**Craig:** I think Succession is like that. It kind of found itself.

**David Mandel:** Yeah, Succession, I definitely said to people give it a couple to get there and I guess I would worry about the, oh no, because again in that short attention span just turning it off.

**Craig:** Well that was a great not-argument that we had, Liz. I thought.

**Liz:** To make a real point, I think Dave is right.

**Craig:** Yep. Can’t go wrong with that.

**David Mandel:** Look, let’s just agree to fuck it, OK? Fuck it.

**Liz:** Fuck it.

**Craig:** Fuck it. We’re going to play a couple of quick games and then we’re going to turn it over to the audience for some questions. This game is a real easy one. It’s just run by me and I judge it. It’s called How Do You Follow That Up?

**David Mandel:** What’s it called?

**Craig:** How Do You Follow That Up? Dave Mandel, Veep is over. How do you follow that up?

**David Mandel:** No, this is exciting. I’m doing one of the Game of Thrones spinoffs.

**Craig:** Works. Malcolm, you were on Empire. It’s a show that nobody expected to be a massive hit. Massive hit. You’re on a Marvel show, you’re following it up.

**Malcolm:** I followed up.

**Craig:** You followed up. You’re already following up. You have no problems whatsoever. Nichelle, I saw the trailer. You’re following up. Have you guys seen the trailer for Truth Be Told? Yeah, she’s following it up. I’m going to go over to you, Ayanna. Cotton Club.

**Ayanna:** I told you, it’s Dead-ish.

**Craig:** Ish. Ish. Is there any chance? Because I think it’s a movie that would be perfect to serialize in television.

**Ayanna:** I love Cotton Club. It’s a great script, if I may say so myself. But it’s having some challenges in the marketplace right now. I am following it up with something else, but I can’t talk about it.

**Craig:** OK, so you’re following it up though is the point.

**Ayanna:** Yes I am. Yes.

**Craig:** I’ll get to the two of you in a second. Liz, The Post. Boom. Mindhunter. Boom. How are you going to follow that up?

**Liz:** I’m going to work for these guys.

**Craig:** All right, all right. So let’s get to these guys. You guys did Game of Thrones. The biggest television show of all time. No show could possibly be bigger or better than it. It is impossible to do anything better than you’ve already done. How are you going to follow that up? How are you going to follow it up? Please speak directly to Netflix executives. [laughs] How are you going to follow this up?

**Ayanna:** He said, “Fuck it.”

**Craig:** That’s a great answer. Malcolm has given us our best answer. Now we have – this is a cute little game.

**David Benioff:** What about you? Craig Mazin, Craig Mazin, you wrote and show-run Chernobyl, the greatest limited series according to IMDb. The highest first television foray ever.

**Craig:** Yes, I made one television show.

**David Benioff:** Best writing Emmy and best producing Emmy.

**Dan:** Saw him double fisting it.

**Liz:**Best beard. Best beard.

**Dan:** They call him Double-fisting Mazin.

**David Benioff:** A lot of people say the greatest limited series in history.

**Craig:** Yeah. Thank you. So.

**David Benioff:** How are you going to follow that up, Craig?

**Craig:** Fukushima. [laughs] Obviously. Guys, it’s a simple search and replace.

**Liz:** John is so mad right now.

**Craig:** So easy. OK, we’ve been drinking. So, before we get to you guys, this is a real game. So – that wasn’t a real game. My friend David Kwong who is a magician and puzzle genius and I put together a little puzzle competition for people and this is one of the puzzles that we played. But this is a movie – it’s going to be fine. This is movie quotes. You guys should be able to nail this. If you know it, don’t say it until they all fail.

**Liz:**Is this like Jeopardy? Do we ring in?

**Craig:** Just raise your hand.

**Liz:**We’re very competitive, so I just need to know.

**Craig:** I think just you are. So we’re going to raise our hand. I’m going to give you a movie quote that I’ve just changed all the words but the meaning is still there.

**David Benioff:** Ayanna is looking. She’s looking.

**Craig:** Ayanna is falling asleep.

**Ayanna:** No, I’m getting gum.

**Craig:** Oh, you’re getting gum. OK, here we go. We’ll start you off with an easy one. “My intention is to suggest an undeniable proposition.”

**David Benioff:** An Offered Proposal?

**Liz:** Indecent Proposal?

**David Mandel:** Godfather? An offer he can’t refuse.

**Craig:** Yes, I’m going to make you an offer you can’t refuse. Godfather. See, this is easy. Don’t get too thrilled about it.

“I am completely superior to the famous and large primate of mythology.”

**Malcolm:** King Kong ain’t got nothing on me.

**Craig:** Yes. Yes. Yes.

**Liz:** Wait, wait, wait, wait, wait.

**Dan:** Are you changing words?

**Craig:** Are you shitting me?

**David Benioff:** I thought he was changing words.

**Craig:** Dude, you made Game of Thrones. Did you just ask that question?

**Liz:** I’m curious about the quote.

**Craig:** It’s much worse than that.

**Liz:** I just want to know what the real quote is that you’re rearranging.

**Craig:** The real quote, it’s actually King Kong ain’t got shit on me.

**Liz:** Right, so what did you just say?

**Craig:** I am completely superior to the famous and large primate of mythology.

**Liz:** Right, so that’s not the same words.

**Craig:** Wow. All right, let’s just talk about what it means to play a game. Let’s just go back to that. It’s a game.

**Liz:** I didn’t know that these were the rules. I thought I was rearranging words. And now—

**Craig:** If I just said, “King Kong ain’t got shit on me,” and someone said, “I know it. It’s King Kong ain’t got shit on me.” This would be the worst game ever.

**Liz:** I didn’t know the rules. And now I feel prepared. Thank you.

**Craig:** So here we go. Number three.

**Liz:** A lot of stakes.

**Craig:** “My choice is now identical to hers.” Nothing? Nothing? Nothing? To the audience?

**Audience:** I’ll have what she’s having.

**Craig:** So much smarter than you guys.

**Liz:** What was it?

**Craig:** I’ll have what she’s having. Harry Met Sally. OK, super easy one. “Greet my diminutive companion.”

**Male Voice:** Say hello to my little friends.

**Craig:** Say hello to my little friends. Perfect. This is my favorite one. No, the last one is my favorite one.

**David Mandel:** Wait a second. You’re changing the words?

**Liz:** Thank you! Thank you!

**Craig:** Professional timing. You see how professional he is? He just waited there.

**Liz:** Well Dave was just weighing in with a real opinion. So.

**Craig:** He was like in the towner, like Barry Pepper waiting to shoot me in the head.

**Liz:** Is that Saving Private Ryan?

**Craig:** Yes. Different game.

**Liz:** You’re welcome. Do I get a point for that one?

**Craig:** No. “This metaphorical infant shall not be positioned at the junction of two walls by any person.”

**David Benioff:** No one puts baby in a corner.

**Craig:** Yes! Dirty Dancing.

**David Mandel:** What was it?

**Craig:** No one puts baby in a corner. Dirty Dancing.

**Liz:**If you have to ask the entire audience, Craig.

**David Benioff:** Are you going to name this game?

**Craig:** Yeah, it’s named Awesomeness. No, I’m not naming it.

**David Benioff:** OK, all right. “Add protective coating, remove protective coating.”

**Liz:** Wax on, wax off. Wax on, wax off.

**Craig:** Yeah! I got your number, Liz. You’re the kind of person who is like, “This game sucks. This game sucks. I’m winning! I love it.”

**Liz:** Fuck you all. I got one.

**Craig:** Last one, and then we go to audience. “Farewell, woman whose name is the feminine version of Felix.” Audience?

**Audience:** Bye Felicia.

**Craig:** Bye Felicia. Jealous.

**Liz:** Is that a movie quote?

**Craig:** Oh my god. Friday. OK. We’ll do some Q&A and you can ask any one of these brilliant people any question you want and I will compel them to answer. Begin. Yes ma’am.

**Female Audience Member:** Hi, my name is Kiana.

**Craig:** Hi Kiana.

**Female Audience Member:** And my question was for the TV writers and with the media landscape changing how do you translate experience in other arenas into experience for a room and conversely how do you take that writers’ room experience you guys are talking about in areas that aren’t like an actual writers’ room? How do you translate – do that in the real world, the world outside of writers’ rooms?

**Craig:** So you’re learning lessons in the writers’ room, you’re learning lessons in life, how do these kind of feed into each other? You’re all professional writers, so feel free to–?

**Malcolm:** The first half I think I got. It takes practice to start to understand that each person usually has lived – very few people have not lived a worthwhile life. The gap when you walk into a writers’ room, you have to get into the habit of paying attention to where the story is going and naturally knowing that maybe a story about the way your mom cooked a meal, or the way your church did something different from other churches applies to that story. So I guess what I’m saying is everyone has that reservoir and if you are a storyteller there is still one more learned skillset which is – here’s what the answer is. You pay attention to how the more senior people are mining their personal lives and then you very quickly start to understand, oh shit, well, I remember my brother and me used to go fishing at this thing and dot-dot-dot and you’ll start to see how that ritual of pulling your own life and applying it to other people’s stories comes.

**David Mandel:** I was just going to say, when we used to hire people on Seinfeld literally the hiring process was just give us a list of ideas by characters. Kramer ideas. Elaine ideas. George ideas. And you’d go through the list and they’d all be terrible and you’d get to one, and I don’t know, it would be like, “A fight with an Uber driver.” Whatever it is. And you’d go this one is really funny. This really happened, right? The rest, you were a writer sitting at home trying to think of what was funny, but this was something real that you’re now extrapolating on. And they’d be like, “How do you know?” And it’s like, well, it’s the only funny one.

And Seinfeld and Curb and to this day on my iPhone, even though I haven’t worked a Curb in a couple of years, I have just my Curb list of things that happen that I write down and then I’ll either give them to Larry or I’ll figure out a way to use them for something else. But that reality – and obviously taking it somewhere. That’s obviously also the hard part. But to start to identify these things that could be something.

Very quickly, you also have to learn what a story is. And there’s no other way of saying that. And, again, to talk about people in LA, like a story is not a location. A story is not just something that happened or something that someone said. A story is a story. And you do have to figure that out. But you can mine your life. And that’s where I think a lot of that certainly from a comedy standpoint that comedy reality comes from, for me.

**Craig:** Ayanna, you were going to jump in there.

**Ayanna:** Oh, no, I was just looking at Malcolm when he was talking because we worked on Empire together. And remember “move the table?” That’s a great way to mine. I’m not saying that because it was my idea. But, and it never made it in the show.

**Craig:** Tell us about this. What’s “move the table?”

**Malcolm:** It’s a perfect example actually because it was specific to Ayanna’s experience and that specificity made everything great. So Lucious and Andre I think were about to fight. And the room was hemming and hawing about how to make this scene and interesting and how the characters would react. And Ayanna brought up an anecdote from her life and applied it – and the way it basically manifested, because I’m going to ruin the story or whatever, was that it was like what would Cookie who was the star of the show do. And Ayanna was like, oh yeah, she tells a story where basically it’s like, oh well, if y’all about to fight up in here move that table out of the way and don’t fuck up my furniture. And the entire room, it was like what you were saying about comedy, the entire room knew that was the pitch.

**Craig:** Because it was real.

**Malcolm:** Because it was specific and it felt real. Yeah, it brought it all together.

**Ayanna:** And scene.

**Craig:** Best answer possible.

**Ayanna:** It never made it.

**Craig:** And it never made it in. But now all these people know. Yes, ma’am right there.

**Female Audience Member:** Hi, my name is Annie and Ayanna I really appreciated how you had mentioned reaching out to Nichelle to talk about a pitch. Because as a writer and creator of color I’ve noticed that there’s this idea that there can only be one of us when it comes to like marginalized communities and breaking in. So I wanted to know if you or any of the non-white men on the panel can talk a little bit—

**Craig:** I’m Jewish. Doesn’t count. Yeah, the racists have told me. I’m good. Sorry, go on.

**Female Audience Member:** I wanted to know if you could speak a little bit about how we can be collaborative and build community and not see each other as competitors but more as allies.

**Craig:** Great question. What do you think?

**David Mandel:** I find the best collaboration—

**Craig:** Oh my god!

**David Mandel:** I’m sorry. I’m sorry.

**Craig:** Why do you have to be so professionally funny? You’re so lucky John is not here. Because John would have been like, “No, no, you didn’t hear. She said…she was very clear who she wanted to hear from.”

To the non-white writers up here, any answer to the excellent question?

**Nichelle:** Well, it’s a little bit about building a community. You know, and you can be a good writer, but you can also be a good friend. And when you meet people that you admire and appreciate, when there’s an opportunity to work with them you take it. And when I was on Good Wife, which was a great room, and I think my second year there another woman joined the staff, Erica Shelton Kodish, and that was the first time I’d ever been in a room with another black woman. And that was my fourth show. And it wasn’t because they weren’t there, it was just this weird twist of fate that they left the year I got there. And so it was weirdly like I met some of them afterwards and we kind of joke like, oh, I replaced you.

But I don’t think it’s that sinister, frankly. And one of the things about it is when I was staffing Truth Be Told my first instinct was to only hire my friends. Because there’s first time showrunner, first time network, it was a little bit terrifying. And so I wanted people around me that I could trust. That meant those were people that I worked with before. My husband. Or writers that I knew in different ways. And so I had to tell myself do not fill this entire room with your friends. Someone gave you an opportunity 10 years ago, so you have to leave seats open at the table.

So you just have to be committed to it. And it was a little bit scary, because I didn’t know, oh my god, this person is going to come in and join the room and they’re not going to be able to take my jokes. Malcolm’s “fuck it” attitude. Whatever it is. And you just have to trust and be open. And if it doesn’t work you just cut bait.

**Ayanna:** Yeah. My first show was in 2000. It was a show called Gideon’s Crossing with Andre Braugher. Paul Attanasio created the show. Eric Overmyer was the showrunner. And I was a staff writer. And there was an upper level black female biracial woman, Samantha Corbin Miller, who actually looked out for me. So, one, I come from a family of black women and so camaraderie among black women comes natural to me, but also during my professional career like she shielded me. She would talk to the showrunner or talk to the creator and say, “Hey, she’s got a good pitch. Listen to her in the room.” So she would have those conversations so that I could speak. Because back in those days you really didn’t speak. You were just there to learn, right?

And so that spirit, you know, I’ve carried on every show, even when I’m the only one. So, I think it’s either in your to do that or it’s not. I don’t think it’s something, I mean, I guess you could teach it, but I don’t know.

**Craig:** Well, it seems like there’s a paying it forward thing kind of going here. Somebody does it for you and you feel obligated to do it for them. Liz, do you feel that way in any way, shape, or form in that regard?

**Liz:** I had a really interesting experience. I mean, I met a lot of – in television I met a lot of female showrunners because I did this sort of random female showrunner panel a year ago. And all of them really kept in touch with me. And I just feel like it’s also that I call them. So, that is the advice I would give. I ask them what I should do and what they think of the people that I’m going to work with. Or what they think of the people that I could work with or what I should do. And they coach me.

And so the group of people that you choose to surround yourself with regardless of gender, but in my case has been a group of women, is something that I will appreciate forever.

**Craig:** Great. All right. We’ve got some more questions here. Yes, you’re right here. You’re literally right here. It’s too easy. Go for it.

**Male Audience Member:** My name is Phillip. We’ve noticed in the movies that it’s more and more especially with the big movies they’re looking – producers and studios are looking at existing IPs to adapt. It feels like that trend is starting to creep into television. Obviously Falcon and Winter Soldier and Game of Thrones and now its spinoffs. Is that something that is tangible to you? I mean, do you see that growing?

**Malcolm:** This is something we talk about a lot. I think every – IPs are awesome. They help. But I also got – I got into the movie business just as it was just becoming obsessive. The idea that there used to be a spec market in features meant there was a market for fresh, original ideas. And that died. So they literally didn’t want them. It is definitely coming into TV. I unfortunately don’t think there’s any stopping it. If you look at – if you ask people their favorite shows, right, they’re going to say The Wire, Sopranos, Breaking Bad. All original ideas. I’m hoping.

And I think that’s quickly starting to be constricted. And with event television coming in, you know what I’m saying, it’s just going to accelerate. It doesn’t mean every show has to be an event show, but the idea that event television will be IP-driven will create a narrative that exacerbates it. So I think it’s a real concern. It’s unstoppable. And it will eventually have the same negative on TV that we’re all doing.

**Liz:** Is that a “fuck it?”

**Craig:** Yeah, so another lukewarm opinion from Malcolm Spellman. No, no, I mean, look, I kind of – the only thing I would disagree with is the volume at least right now, the volume of television is so remarkable that you can put things on the air that are just, I mean, the idea that Russian Doll. That’s a show that doesn’t exist in any other reality except this one right now. Where there’s room for something like that. That is so original.

**Liz:** It arguably exists in multiple realities.

**Craig:** Well, yes. Actually, that was the first possible example I could have used for a show that doesn’t exist in multiple – yes. But there is a lot of really original television that’s happening right now because there’s an enormous amount of room. Where I do agree with you is if that room should contract—

**Malcolm:** Which it—

**Craig:** OK, you and I have an agreement on this.

**David Benioff:** Yeah. But we’re in the Death Star trash compactor. And right now we’re at peak TV. We’ve got, what is it, 500 and something show being made in 2019.

**Craig:** Good lord. Wow.

**David Benioff:** But the walls are going to start closing in.

**Craig:** They will.

**David Benioff:** Because no one is making – a few people are making money, but not everyone is going to be making money off of 500 shows. Most of those shows are not going to be profitable. So someone is going to win, but a lot of people are going to lose. And 10 years from now what’s, you know, what’s it going to be? 200 shows? I don’t know. But it won’t be 500.

**Craig:** No. And I think when that happens the general tendency is to get safer. We know that. And so enjoy it while it’s lasting. It’s pretty cool right now.

**David Benioff:** And especially this goes back to Phillip’s original question is things are getting much more expensive. Television has gotten so expensive. And—

**Craig:** Was there one show that you think drove the price up? Just wondering. How about that, Mandel? Fuck you. I’ve still got it. [laughs] He’s fantastic. I’m amazed that Mandel is still awake, by the way. Usually he’s out like a light halfway through this thing.

**David Benioff:** But if you’re going to pitch something to a feature executive and it’s going to be a $300 million movie, it’s really hard now to do an original as you’re saying. It’s almost impossible. And it’s getting more like that with television, with the big budget television. Because if they’re going to invest this much money they want to believe there’s something out there, there’s some fan base out there, whether it’s a comic book, or a novel, or whatever it is. Which is exactly what it’s been for features for a long time.

**Dan:** Going back to that model, so I’m just trying to not romanticize the past. The movies that built us, or that built us, like Star Wars an original and Jaws was an adaptation. And The Godfather was IP. And The Wizard of Oz is IP. And Taxi Driver is an original. It’s a mixed bag down the line. I’m just not sure – and I understand that there’s a certain amount of self-interest in this response, because we’re here because of something that George Martin made. Like if he had not written those books we wouldn’t be sitting here on this panel with you.

But I just – on some level there is room for everything and the pendulum is going to swing one way or another. But I just think about the things that meant the most to me and lots of them came from other things.

**Craig:** That’s a good point.

**David Mandel:** I worry less about IP because it’s such a broad term. And I guess I’m less bothered by books than I am I guess videogames or something like that. So I guess to me not all IP is created equal.

**Craig:** Wow.

**David Mandel:** Yeah, I know.

**Dan:** But there’s never been a great videogame movie.

**Liz:**Well, The Last of Us is excellent. Let’s calm down right now. In the defense of videogames, there is one great videogame that does exist.

**David Mandel:** There’s one great videogame, The Post. And it was really good. But, no, I was going to say—

**Liz:**It was so dope when Ben Bradley argued with Nixon.

**Craig:** Level 7 of The Post is impossible.

**Liz:**And you role played with him for so long.

**David Mandel:** But I do worry about, and I guess IP is a part of it, but I do worry as these brands, the streamers kind of retreat to their own stuff, which I know I’m not explaining it well. That’s my bigger I think fear.

**Craig:** You mean like Disney is just—

**David Mandel:** They’re so on brand that there’s not room for anything else. And then the other ones in response to that starting to feel a little bit like they’re also doing the same. Where you start to kind of hear the plans for things like the NBC/Universal one and it’s very I guess for lack of a better word NBC/Universal-ish.

**Craig:** On brand.

**David Mandel:** And part of that is the IP they own. But I do worry that that’s the conservativeness.

**Dan:** That’s what the studio system in the ‘30s, ‘40s, and ‘50s was.

**David Mandel:** It was. There were five. Gangster studio. Exactly. Romance studio. R-studio.

**Dan:** Where the Warners were tough. And MGM was family.

**Liz:**Well that’s what we’re going to now. I mean, and but like why – I guess I feel like repeating myself, but why are we still talking about this idea of something existing that—

**David Mandel:** You seem to think this conversation is dumb.

**Liz:**I do. I do. I do. I don’t think it’s dumb.

**Craig:** You said “I do” three times.

**David Benioff:** I do. I do. I don’t.

**Craig:** I do. I do. I do. I do.

**Liz:**But, no, I think it is dumb to predict or try to predict or try to anticipate what this industry is going to do. We have endured – or not even endured. Endured feels like something you put on your shoulders. But just witnessed a lot of changes in this industry in just five years. That’s five years of change.

**Craig:** So in five years from now, who the hell knows?

**Liz:**So in five years who knows what’s going to happen? So why?

**David Mandel:** I agree with that, but I will say the following. You’re right. I think sitting here worrying about it is crazy. I think sitting at home and worrying about it is crazy. And certainly you’ve got to make what you believe in. So I’m with you on every part of that. But I will also say that when Seinfeld ended, which would have been ’98, and the writers from Seinfeld we all kind of went out into development world to create television just as the networks all lobbied and changed the rules in Washington so that the networks could own their own programming. And television got really shitty for a couple of years. Comedy especially. Because why would I put on your show when I can put on your terrible show that I own 100% of.

And I think writers stood there smiling, not worrying about it to the point of basically self-flagellation. Where we have a tendency as creative types – and again I don’t know what to do it about it. And I’m not saying we should spend all our time on it. I do worry about these things because I think writers have a tendency to ignore some of these sometimes very big picture ideas that have created these monumental changes. I mean, you would go out and you would pitch and if you were at a place – like I had friends that were at DreamWorks that had no official affiliation at the time. You’d pitch and they’d go, “What do you like? Do you like this idea? We really like this idea. Who do you think should be in this? Michael J. Fox.” And they would literally go, “Well when you guys get Michael J. Fox, you call us.” Because no one was interested in anything they didn’t own unless it was extenuating circumstances.

And writers just sort of took it, just took those body blows. Anyway.

**Craig:** We’re going to squeeze in one more question. Is that OK? But obviously your question was shitty because nobody cared about it and we didn’t talk about it. Yeah, you’re right here so let’s go for it. Let’s finish it off with you.

**David Mandel:** Get up.

**Male Audience Member:** Avery like the ranch, white like the house. I wanted to know what your thoughts on when I have to vote for SAG Awards. So they send you these – speaking of binge watching. Yeah, the screeners that are like, man, you only have this amount of time. But the screeners, you know what I mean? So it’s like you can get stuck on one series and you’re technically like eliminating someone else without even really giving them the same amount of time.

**Craig:** Is your question how to vote for an award?

**Male Audience Member:** No, well, how do they feel about that window that we’re given, which is small.

**Craig:** So the larger question here if I may expand it to everybody that isn’t voting for SAG Awards.

**Male Audience Member:** Do it.

**Craig:** Thank you. Is – and I feel this all the time. I don’t know about you guys. But in this era now there is almost an anxiety. I cannot see everything I need to see, I want to see, I should see. Do we just have to deal with the fact that we can’t be completionists, I guess?

**Ayanna:** Yes.

**Craig:** Yes. That was a yes or no question. Yeah. I think Ayanna answered that. It’s yes.

**Liz:** I didn’t watch—

**Craig:** Chernobyl.

**Liz:** I mean, I watched Succession. I didn’t watch Chernobyl. No, obviously not.

**David Mandel:** Depressing.

**Liz:** It’s really sad. God.

**Craig:** It blew up. What are you going to do?

**Liz:** No, I didn’t watch Succession until the beginning of Season 2. And then I binge-watched it to spite my husband, because he was watching it. And then I finished it and was like, holy shit, all of a sudden I realized what everybody was talking about. They don’t know and you don’t know what I’m talking about, but it’s fine.

And then the thing that I actually felt the most – there was a cultural shift that happens and Succession, Game of Thrones is that. Succession was that. The biggest cultural shift I felt personally with my friend group was Fleabag. And—

**Craig:** Say that again.

**Liz:** Fleabag.

**Craig:** Fleabag, yeah. Of course.

**Liz:** I didn’t watch Fleabag Season 1 at the time it released. Fleabag Season 2 was coming out. Everybody was talking about it. And I was like, OK, I’ll watch Season 1. In all honesty I liked Season 1. I thought it was really good. I thought it was so well-written. Fleabag Season 2 is one of the most well-written things I’ve ever seen on television. Regardless of television, on screen, in all of it. And it was the thing I felt was culturally different in terms of being – at least for me, a woman – of what it was like to be around other women. Where every woman I was around was talking about Fleabag. And talking about what it was like to be in a relationship with a man like that. Or talking about what it was like to be in a relationship like that, regardless of gender.

So that was for me the most recent – I don’t remember the question. I’m sorry.

**Craig:** Well that was a good answer. Although “yes” was also a really good answer. I’ve got to say.

I think with that we’re all done. So, Scriptnotes is produced by Megana Rao. Yes. It is edited by Matthew Chilelli. Our outro this week is by a person to be determined. If you have an outro out there you can send us a link to ask@johnaugust.com. That’s also the place where you can send longer questions.

For shorter questions on Twitter, I’m @clmazin, and John August is @johnaugust. Are you on Twitter? What is your Twitter thing?

**Ayanna:** Wait, my husband did it.

**Craig:** Oh boy.

**Ayanna:** It’s @qu33nofdrama but the two Es are two 3s.

**Craig:** What the fuck?

**Ayanna:** He’s a scientist.

**Craig:** OK. That doesn’t explain that actually. You’re not on Twitter?

**David Benioff:** Fuck no.

**Craig:** Well, good. You’re not on Twitter. Smart. Twitter?

**Liz:** @itslizhannah.

**Craig:** @itslizhannah. Nichelle? Malcolm? No. Mandel?

**David Mandel:** @davidhmandel but all the Ds are Zs.

**Craig:** Professional comedian. You can find the show notes for this episode and all episodes at johnaugust.com. That’s also where you find the transcripts. We try and get them up about four days after the episode airs. You can find all the back episodes of the show at Scriptnotes.net. And you need to sign up there in order to use the Scriptnotes app for iOS or Android.

You can also download 50-episode seasons at store.johnaugust.com. And I get none of the money.

Austin, thank you so much for coming. I want to thank Ayanna Floyd. David Benioff. Dan Weiss. Liz Hannah. Nichelle Tramble. Malcolm Spellman. And David Mandel. And all the folks here at Austin. Thank you so much for coming and goodnight.

Links:

* [Ayanna Floyd](https://twitter.com/qu33nofdrama) on Twitter and [IMDB](https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0283234/)
* [Liz Hannah](https://twitter.com/itslizhannah) on Twitter and [IMDB](https://www.imdb.com/name/nm2176283/)
* [Nichelle Tramble Spellman](https://www.imdb.com/name/nm2838492/) on IMDB
* [Malcolm Spellman](https://www.imdb.com/name/nm1173259/) on IMDB
* [David Mandel](https://twitter.com/DavidHMandel) on Twitter and [IMDB](https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0541635/)
* [David Benioff](https://www.imdb.com/name/nm1125275/) on IMDB
* [D.B. Weiss](https://www.imdb.com/name/nm1888967/) on IMDB
* [John August](https://twitter.com/johnaugust) on Twitter
* [Craig Mazin](https://twitter.com/clmazin) on Twitter
* [John on Instagram](https://www.instagram.com/johnaugust/?hl=en)
* [Outro](http://johnaugust.com/2013/scriptnotes-the-outros) by Matthew Chilelli ([send us yours!](http://johnaugust.com/2014/outros-needed))

Email us at ask@johnaugust.com

You can download the episode [here](http://traffic.libsyn.com/scriptnotes/scriptnotes_ep_424_aff.mp3).

Scriptnotes, Ep 419: Professionalism

October 30, 2019 Scriptnotes Transcript

The original post for this episode can be found [here](https://johnaugust.com/2019/professionalism).

**John August:** Hello and welcome. My name is John August.

**Craig Mazin:** My Craig Mazin name is.

**John:** And this is Episode 419 of Scriptnotes. Craig, what is Scriptnotes?

**Craig:** Scriptnotes is a podcast about things that are interesting to screenwriters. And screenwriting.

**John:** Everything is mixed up today.

**Craig:** Yeah. I love it. It’s a Backwards Day. I like it.

**John:** This is the grab-baggiest of episodes. We’re going to be talking about everything from Emmys to elections, professionalism, to patronage. Lots of stuff, so let’s get into it.

Craig, this Sunday were the Emmys. I can’t believe this day has finally come. The Emmys were on Sunday. Unfortunately this is Friday that we’re recording this so we have no idea what happened on Sunday.

**Craig:** Right.

**John:** So, I want to propose something.

**Craig:** Sure.

**John:** Let’s record both versions. Let’s record the versions where you had a spectacular Sunday where you won a bunch of awards, and then we’ll record the one where you didn’t.

**Craig:** Got it. We actually should record three. We should record Chernobyl wins an award for something, but I don’t win. I win, Chernobyl wins nothing.

**John:** Great. So let’s do the big sweep where you win and Chernobyl wins. You were there for two awards. You picked up both of those statues. I was so excited to see you up there on stage. I thought your speech was fantastic.

**Craig:** Aw, thank you.

**John:** I was just beaming with pride because listeners like me have been following this whole journey. And you were away from the show for a while and you made this thing. And it was great closure to see you up there on that stage. I’m so happy and proud for you.

**Craig:** Boy, John, it’s weird up there. It’s so surreal.

**John:** Well, I saw you took a beat.

**Craig:** Yes.

**John:** I saw you took a beat and just took it all in.

**Craig:** Yeah. I was thinking of you during that beat. And then, yeah, it’s just so weird. Boy, that room is so big and the lights are really bright in your eyes. And of course you’re worried that you’re not going to have enough time. They’re going to play you off the stage which they did/did not do. And, yeah, a great night. It didn’t matter. Win or lose you’re just happy to be there amongst your peers. [laughs]

**John:** Yeah. You can’t take away the fact that you made something amazing and to be just celebrated up there on the stage for it was just icing on the cake.

**Craig:** Well golly.

**John:** Next version, so you don’t win the writing award but you do win the limited series award. Craig, it’s hard to even call this a mixed outcome because like Best Limited Series, congratulations.

**Craig:** Sure. Thank you. You know what? At this point you try and parse the achievement of making a show into individual awards just doesn’t even make logical sense anymore. So, you just have to go, you know what? We were nominated for lots of stuff and we’re super proud of that. If you win anything that’s amazing, especially in a year like this where we had such incredible competition. Congrats to Ava DuVernay and When They See Us for all the awards that they picked up. I think that’s a pretty good prediction right there.

And but to all of the great shows in our category. I mean, what a year. So, you know who the real winners were John? Television watchers. [laughs]

**John:** Well absolutely. And I think the Best Limited Series acknowledges the fact that this thing would not exist if you had not had the idea – if you had not been surfing Wikipedia and finding this information about the Chernobyl disaster, thinking like this is potentially a show. So that award is your award and it all came from the writing.

**Craig:** Well, listen, that’s the wonderful thing about television is that the writers are in charge, which is probably why television is so much better than movies right now. You know, movies, take note.

**John:** Yes. And I thought you saying that in your awards acceptance speech was absolutely appropriate.

**Craig:** Pretty crazy, right? Like what a weird axe to grind.

**John:** At the Emmy Awards. All right, third option. So Sunday were the Emmys. You got to go and see all the celebration for your show which was nominated.

**Craig:** See other people win.

**John:** So, while I was disappointed not to see you up there on that stage, I love when they do the cutaway shots to the people in the audience as their names are called. And to see you there with Melissa was just great. And I was just really proud to see you there, honored for what you have made.

**Craig:** Well, John, as you know I got into writing so that I could be on television. Actually, you probably noticed, I don’t know if they cutaway beforehand or not, but right when they announced that Ava DuVernay kept winning everything you probably noticed me turn behind me, to the left of me, to the right of me, ahead of me – depending on how it goes – to find Alec Berg and sort of give him a, “Yeah, I get it, now I know what it feels like.” Because, you know, again, poor Alec. 21 nominations. 0 for 21. But side note, that’s a pretty decent prediction. I think, I’m not trying to jinx Alec. I think it’s going to be a tough road to hoe for him. But back to the alternate reality.

Yeah, but you know what? Honestly, we didn’t go in expecting to win anything and we were so proud of our crafts people, our below the line people that won lots of awards the week before. We felt great. And it was an amazing year for television and for limited series. Hats off to Ava. Great job on that series. Wonderful show. So, we’re pleased as punch that the season of awards is over.

**John:** Yes, for sure. But you also had one extra special visit that happened this last week. Apparently you got to meet the President of Ukraine?

**Craig:** I met the President of Ukraine. I visited him. So this is a fascinating thing. There’s a conference in Ukraine, it’s an annual conference called the Yalta European Summit. It used to take place in Yalta, which is in Crimea. It no longer does because Russia has invaded Crimea. So it is in Kiev, Ukraine. And it is attended by all sorts of – you know, John, we run in Hollywood circles, right. So we always feel like, ooh, look at this party. It’s got all of the hoo-ha people.

**John:** Oh, Natalie Portman.

**Craig:** Yeah, ooh, Natalie Portman. Or, ooh, Jim Gianopulos. In this thing the hoo-ha people are like, ooh, look, Steven Pinker, and Fareed Zakaria, and the ambassador from a country to another country. It’s very fancy.

So I went there and Fareed Zakaria interviewed me on stage about Chernobyl. And then I was heading to the airport to come home and the man who runs this whole thing said, “Oh, by the way, the President of Ukraine would like to meet you if you could delay a little bit.” And I said, yeah, I want to meet the President of Ukraine. And so I went to the President of Ukraine’s office, in this very large building that used to be the Party Headquarters back in the Soviet Days. This beautiful building.

I’d never met a president before. I’ve never gotten to say, “Well hello Mr. President.” It was very cool. And here’s the cool thing about President Zelensky. He’s just been elected. And he’s one of us, John. He’s a writer-performer-comedian-entertainer. He comes out of the entertainment business in Ukraine. And it was a great conversation. We talked a lot about film production and how to help bring film production to Ukraine. They really want to get more shows shooting there, which I thought was great. And in no way did I involve myself in any kind of weird whistleblowing scandal.

**John:** Did you make any promises to him that were listened in by intelligence officers? None of that stuff happened?

**Craig:** No. In fact, quite the opposite. At one point during the conversation we were talking about some ideas and things and he said, “You know, just to be clear we’re just talking.” I said, oh no, we’re not making the laws or anything. [laughs] I’m an idiot. You know that, right? I’m stupid.

He was great. He’s a terrific guy. At least that was my impression of him. I can’t necessarily speak to how he – I hope for the sake of Ukraine and the Ukrainian people that he does a great job. He’s got an excellent – currently he’s at like 80% popularity. Do you remember when our president got an 80% popularity?

**John:** That was a different universe.

**Craig:** Yup.

**John:** I do fear that the transcripts as people look back on this episode, you know, five years down the road something could go terribly wrong. But for this moment it was neat that you got to meet the President of Ukraine.

**Craig:** So you’re saying like there will be some crazy war or genocide and then we’ll have the equivalent of me on tape going, “Yeah, so Hitler, he seemed like a great guy. We had a great conversation.” No.

**John:** He’s really a film person. He’s an entertainer.

**Craig:** He’s an artist. He loves to paint. You know, he’s adorable. He’s cute. He’s got a great mustache. No, I’m very hopeful for Ukraine that President Zelensky does a great job. I don’t know anything about politics. At least Ukrainian politics. I know nothing. I’m mostly just optimistic and hopeful for them. But, yeah, that was weird.

**John:** Yeah. It’s also – stepping away from the President of Ukraine, it’s cool you got to travel in the circles of big thinkers who write big books about the future of the world.

**Craig:** Yeah.

**John:** So that’s nice.

**Craig:** I felt highly unqualified. There were some really impressive, very famous historians and thinkers and politicians and people. So, but it did remind me that we actually do have quite an impact on the world around us. It’s like this podcast. You know how we’re always surprised – or maybe you’re not, but I’m always surprised when people say they listen to the podcast, like Chris O’Dowd. I was so surprised that he listens to the podcast. I’m endlessly surprised that anyone listens to it. But they do. And similarly with television you make a show and you put it out there but they might tell you, oh, this many millions of people watched it, but the number doesn’t connect in your mind to reality. And then you realize, oh yeah, these people all watched it and they have feelings about it, you know. And happily for us the overwhelming opinion of folks there in Kiev was very positive towards our show which was huge, wonderful.

**John:** The show where it’s set. So, yes, good to hear.

**Craig:** Yes, very good.

**John:** So the Emmy season is over but also another important season is over. The WGA election season, which was endless.

**Craig:** Aw. Too soon. [laughs]

**John:** Too soon. Oh god, not a moment too soon. I don’t know why, it’s probably there’s a constitutional reason why the voting period has to be so long, but Craig it was too long. It went on forever.

**Craig:** The reason is that the constitution that governs these things was written in the ‘40s I believe, you know, back when people had to vote by mail only and all the information you got came by mail.

**John:** True.

**Craig:** Or meetings that you had to go to. There was no Internet. There was no social media. So what’s happened is let’s say there was X amount of political content to which you would be exposed as a writer. Now there is 1,000 X political content that you are being exposed to as a writer in this election. It’s too long. They should shorten it because the amount of information that we’re bombarded with is insane. And it’s just too much.

**John:** It is too much. But let’s talk about the end result of this before we get into process and–

**Craig:** It was great.

**John:** [laughs] So in the East Beau Willimon was reelected along with some other folks who are supportive of the agency campaign. In the West a total of 5,809 valid ballots were cast which was 58% of eligible votes, which is a nice round number. It’s about 10,000 voters, people who could vote. So that was record turnout in the West. And more than doubles the turnout of the 2018 Board of Directors election. So David Goodman and the incumbents were reelected along with the four newcomers who I endorsed by a lot. So Goodman won 3-to-1. Everybody else was at least 2-to-1. So it was a significant victory for that group of people who are sort of a steady line from where we’ve been.

**Craig:** Yeah. No question. And I think this was essentially a foregone conclusion almost from the start. I mean, I didn’t think it would be otherwise. There’s some interesting things that come out of this. By the way, and one of them is that also just to be clear in case people were wondering, if I had been able to stay in the race I also would have lost. There’s no question. It’s interesting, the most important thing I hope that our membership takes away from this, particularly the people that did vote for the people who won, is that the election was not damaging to our union. That this kind of open discussion and debate did not destroy us. Nor did it topple their preferred candidates to the ground.

There was almost, I want to call it like a paranoia, or a fear that something that they loved very much or cared about very deeply was going to be destroyed by people from within. And that did not happen. Point being you can survive elections, and I’m saying this especially to guild members who never really saw one of these before because unfortunately and anomalously the last three presidential elections have essentially been uncontested, which is not the traditional WGA way. This is the traditional WGA election.

So, good news is we can survive these. They’re very good for us. They’re good to discuss. And the other thing that’s important to note for people like me who are questioning the way the leadership is going about pursuing a conclusion, a potential conclusion, to our agency campaign is that the amount of people that seemed to dissent from the way the leadership is doing this has roughly quadrupled since we took our first vote on it back in whatever it was, March or April. Back then it was 95%, about 400 people said no to that. I was not one of them. I was like you, I said yes.

About ish, averaging around 1,600 people voted against leadership, so something is happening. It’s worth noting. Those people are not in power. The people who are in power are in power. But there is a trend. So I’m hoping that leadership has taken notice of that and will consider it as they now go about, I don’t know, doing what they’re going to do.

**John:** I would say at all of the membership meetings, and I don’t know if you’ve listened to any of the audio from the membership meetings, the current leadership was very up front about the fact recognizing that five months into this dissent has grown. There’s folks who are unhappy with how all of this is being conducted. And sort of worried about the outcome of things. And so I think that was reflected in some of that voting there. But I think a probably more crucial takeaway is that there was this worry I think that in the fatigue and in this thing going on that people would just start tuning out. They would start paying attention and just kind of want to be done or just shut it all out.

And I think the fact that there was record turnout, that Goodman was elected by a huge majority than even he was elected when he was uncontested speaks to a support for a resolution with the current people in place.

**Craig:** You mean he got more votes this time.

**John:** Yes.

**Craig:** I mean, he can’t do better than 100%

**John:** It is hard to do that math. At least in a democratic system, yes.

**Craig:** Correct. The turnout was very encouraging. You want to see writers engaged. And this is my point to everybody that was kind of freaking out. I’m sorry. They kind of were. I was shocked. The worst possible instinct we could have as a union and as a membership polity is to be against free and open elections and campaigns. And I love to see that people were engaged and got engaged and voted. I think this is exactly the way it should go. I’m thrilled. And I hope that the people take some sort of – now that they’ve gone through it maybe they’ll feel a little less insecure about it the next time through.

**John:** The one thing I do want to bring up because this is a thing I’ve seen and grousing on the edges of the Internet is like, “Oh, those folks who voted for it aren’t even really working writers.” And that is not accurate. I mean, in order to be a voting member people should know it’s not that you sell a script and then 20 years later you’re still a voting member. You’re not. You have to sort of keep working in order to maintain your current status. And so for 2018 there were 6,057 who reported earnings. So there are a lot of working writers who are the voting membership of the WGA.

**Craig:** Yeah, you hear this a lot. I mean, yes, technically you can have people – well, there are two kinds of writers who can vote who are not working writers. Your initial membership period is seven years. So, when you become a WGA member you have seven years to vote before you’re going to have to show some additional employment. So, yeah, some people theoretically are on year six of their seven without working. And there’s also quite a few people that are what we call lifetime current members. So you and I would certainly qualify. Once you have – I think it’s 15 years.

**John:** 15 years, yes.

**Craig:** Yeah, of being current active you become lifetime. 15 years is actually not that much. So there are a lot of people who are current lifetime members which means they’re going to vote forever until they die. And, yeah, so sure. But the truth is, OK, we don’t know how they vote. I mean, it’s tempting for some people to say, “Well, some people, they’re not working so it’s easy for them to vote for a strike or to vote to fire your agents.” I guess, but I think a lot of people who aren’t working also feel like, no, it’s important that the guild to not go on strike or not fire their agents. There’s no science to that is my point.

**John:** I would agree.

**Craig:** But I will say if I could, if I could wave a magic wand, I would, I don’t know about this lifetime – I don’t know if people should be voting forever. I actually worry about that. Because we’re getting older longer. Right? And there is a world in which you have more people voting in a union who are lifetime current members than current active members, which would be a disaster. That’s not what you want. So I wonder about that sometimes.

**John:** Yeah. And so this is not a thing that I’ve been spending time thinking about, so I’m just going to wonder aloud. Perhaps a reason why lifetime current members should be able to vote is that the actions of the guild now still have a bearing on their income and sort of their ability to do things. So, the degree to which leadership of the WGA can set broad policies that would affect – I mean, pension is a separate thing. So I’m trying to think the degree to which elected leadership would have a bearing on a person who is essentially no longer employed is interesting. I don’t know.

**Craig:** You’re right. It’s a tricky one. Because most unions do not have this. I mean, most unions it’s like if you’re not working, you’re not working you’re not voting. I’m pretty sure. I don’t think this is a common thing where you get to vote for the rest of your life even though you haven’t worked in 30 years which is the case for some people.

I don’t think when you and I first started in the union I don’t think it was as big of a deal because, well A, people didn’t live quite as long as they do now. And there were fewer people that had been employed up to that point. And also the guild was a little bit more homogenous in its thinking. But as things polarize a little bit, which seems to be the trend everywhere in the world. Thank you social media. And as people live longer I can see a potential issue on the horizon. And I say that as somebody who would be a beneficially of being a lifetime current member. That maybe, you know, maybe after – cap it. Like if you haven’t worked in 10 years maybe no more. Maybe you should stop voting.

It’s a thought. I can see the gray army – the art militia is marching to my house. But, hey, guys, I’m old too.

**John:** This feels like one of those questions where if this was debate team you could argue either side and have really good arguments to list either side. So maybe that’s why it’s an interesting debate question.

The one thing that probably every member can agree on is that there were a lot of emails and sometimes those emails that came from the WGA [unintelligible] which basically candidates and sometimes even non-members can spend some money and send out an email blast to all WGA members. People got frustrated by that. I would say it’s part of the democratic process. I don’t want to limit that. I think structurally I don’t think anything should change. I just recognize that as it got later into the voting season people got more and more annoyed by those. And I think it did not help the people who were sending those emails late in the process.

**Craig:** Well, everybody was sending them so if it didn’t help people it didn’t help people equally. But I agree with you. It’s part of the process. Communicating to the membership is important. What I think would help us is what you suggested right off the top, just shortening the season.

**John:** Yeah.

**Craig:** So, it’s one thing to get bombarded with emails for a month. It’s another thing to get bombarded with emails for three months, or whatever it was. Right? July, August, September. Ish. 2.5 months. So, I saw people complaining about it and I just found it absurd. Like, aw, you poor baby, you had to see an email? Aw, you had to press delete? Aw. You were born in 2002. Yeah, that’s right. I just took a shot at millennials like every other old, cranky dick. I don’t care.

**John:** Craig, do you know who is not going to fix this problem?

**Craig:** Who?

**John:** Me. I’m not on the board anymore.

**Craig:** By the way, we’re both free, right?

**John:** We’re both free.

**Craig:** We’re both free because you’re free-free, and now I can be even more of a jerk than I already was because I don’t have to worry about including you in people I’m yelling at.

**John:** Yeah.

**Craig:** Because I love you.

**John:** Aw, Craig, I love you, too.

**Craig:** I don’t give a shit about the rest of these people, so gloves are off.

**John:** All right. Let’s move on to our next topic. So this past week Jodi Kantor and Megan Twohey, the reporters who originally broke the Harvey Weinstein story for the New York Times back in 2017 released their book She Said. Revealed new information about the secret settlements and non-disclosure agreements that allowed Weinstein and other powerful men to get away with what they were doing.

A lot of the tension this past week was focused on the celebrity feminist mother-daughter team of Gloria Allred and Lisa Bloom. And this was an area of the story that I wasn’t really aware of. And reading it and listening to it I was struck by a couple things. First off, it’s always good to check in and see sort of where we’re at in this post-Weinstein era in terms of how we’re dealing with just terrible men doing terrible things.

But this new wrinkle in it very much felt like a How Would This Be a Movie kind of twist to it because it was such a fascinating lens to be looking at this story through of these women who were known as crusaders for victims’ rights for women who were – in the case of Bloom working for the other side. There’s a letter we can link to which is especially damning in terms of outlining the strategy for how she would protect Weinstein.

**Craig:** I haven’t had a chance to read this but it does strike me that in all likelihood this is our generation’s All the President’s Men. I mean, it feels like this is a great story of two heretofore unknown journalists blowing open a story that changes our culture permanently. And so we have heroes.

**John:** And I would add Ronan Farrow into that, too, in the sense that there’s a whole collection of folks who are trying to do things and other journalists along the way who were frustrated that they weren’t able to get anyone to go on record.

**Craig:** Exactly. And so you have your protagonists in that sense. And there is an achievement at the end that is undeniable. And I think it’s, well, it’s just great to see stories again where people achieve and change the world with their minds and not with their jet-packs and super-serums and laser eyes. Because that’s real. And I’m thrilled that it happened.

I, like you, was not prepared for the arrival of new villains. Right? So you think the villain is Harvey and Les Moonves, et cetera, et cetera. And then you get this letter from Lisa Bloom that is just jaw-dropping.

**John:** So Megana our producer was asking at lunch, you know, to what degree was all of this an open secret. Because I see that term in quotes “open secret” in a lot of the coverage about this. Like, “Oh, Harvey Weinstein’s behavior was an ‘open secret.’” And I was having a hard time answering her because it depends on sort of what you mean what was the secret. I would say that through my Hollywood career I knew that he was an asshole. I knew that he was abusive. And I think I had a sense that there was a casting couch but I’m putting that in air quotes here because how did I think that this was a benign consensual casting couch. As we’re looking for villains, as I’m looking at myself as a villain, I think to have so misframed that in my head is one of the things I’m going to be sort of reckoning with and I think a lot of folks will be reckoning with as we take a look at these powerful men being brought down.

**Craig:** Yeah. I mean, I’m currently writing a book about you as the villain. [laughs] You’re at the center of all of this.

**John:** Yes.

**Craig:** Well, listen, and I can answer Megana’s question as best I can from my perspective, because I worked for the Weinsteins for a number of years. Almost exclusively for Bob which I can assure you was not a delight by any stretch of the imagination. But I had my run-ins with Harvey. I had no idea, none, zero that there was any kind of non-consensual sexual activity going on. The rumors that I heard were that certain female actors had engaged in a quid pro quo with Harvey, where consensually there was an agreement. I will sleep with you and you will put me in this movie. Which is gross. It’s not illegal. It’s unethical. It’s gross. It is a kind of abuse. There’s no question of that. It’s an abuse of power. Not to mention – also forgotten that he’s married to another woman. There’s a billion rules he’s broken but not a law.

So, it seemed scummy but it didn’t seem like a criminal thing that made you want to hurl. That was what I thought the open secret was, and even then I kind of didn’t really believe it. I’ve got to be honest with you. I thought it felt like a rumor mill thing that seemed a bit misogynistic. Like, oh, so and so couldn’t have been an actor unless she slept with Harvey. And the names that were being thrown around I thought, um, no, I think they would have been just fine. They’re good at their jobs. And they’re beautiful. And they check a lot of boxes for what a star should look like in the year say 2003.

So, that’s about as much as I knew. I would imagine other people, well certainly people inside. We know now from this book for instance, from the Kantor and Twohey book that certainly Bob knew. He claims to not know. But he knew.

**John:** Yeah. I think it’s always worth asking what’s happening right now that is analogous that we’re not paying attention to. Like what are the things that five years, ten years down the road we’ll be asking, hey, was that an open secret? How were you letting this go on? I think it’s always worth doing the introspection to look around and see what is happening in the industry right now that will seem shocking down the road.

And I don’t have an answer for that but I think it’s always good to be asking that question.

**Craig:** Oh, yeah. That is a good one.

**John:** That can be a thinker. I don’t know that we’ll have an answer today.

**Craig:** I’ve got to be honest with you. I’m the last person who will come up with the answer to that. I’ve always felt quite sheltered. I don’t know, like self-sheltered from – like I’ve never been to a Hollywood party in 25 years where I’ve seen people doing drugs. Do you know how hard that must be to do? [laughs] You know?

**John:** I’ve never seen anyone do cocaine. I’ve never done cocaine. I’ve never seen anyone do cocaine. And yet I see it in movies all the time.

**Craig:** Right.

**John:** So people are doing it. But I’ve never seen it.

**Craig:** Have you ever seen cocaine?

**John:** I’ve never seen cocaine.

**Craig:** I’ve never seen cocaine either. This is why you and I are perfect for each other. We’re the only two people I think in Hollywood and possibly in the world that have never seen cocaine. I’m not sure it’s even real. [laughs] It may be a thing that they’ve just invented for movies. It’s fake. I’ve never even seen it. So, we’re not – you and I will be the last people to know is my point.

**John:** Yeah. We’re just off playing D&D while everyone else is doing drugs.

**Craig:** Doing the drugs.

**John:** All of the drugs.

**Craig:** All the drugs.

**John:** So that might be an invitation to listeners. If you think that there is a thing that we’re not paying attention to that could be thing ten years from now. Like how the hell were you not paying attention to that? Write in. Tell us that. Because I’ll be curious what you guys think.

**Craig:** Yeah.

**John:** I also need your opinion some bit of housekeeping here. So Scriptnotes has always been and will always be free every week. It has no ads so we don’t make money in sort of the traditional podcast ways.

**Craig:** I don’t make money.

**John:** I know. But we do have expenses. So, mostly salaries. We pay for Megana, our producer. Matthew Chilelli who is our editor. And John who does our transcripts. We also pay for the servers. So there are some costs. To allay those costs we have the premium feed, so that is all the back episodes of Scriptnotes and the transcripts, the Scriptnotes app. More than 3,000 of you out there are premium feed members so thank you very much for doing that. That’s $2 a month.

But there’s some issues. And so right now we’re doing our premium stuff through Libsyn and they’re the hosting company. And they do a good job sort of getting stuff out there, but the app is not great. We’ve had some problems with the app. And Megana has being a lot of work with the Libsyn folks to try to get the app fixed up. We don’t actually make the app. We just brand it.

And if you go on their website it looks like it’s from 1999. And that shouldn’t be a big thing but I don’t have great faith in parts of it. So as I look at other podcasts out there, a lot of them are on Patreon. We’re considering moving over to Patreon. But I would love to hear folks’ opinions on should we make a switch over there. Are they happy enough with sort of what we have?

If we move over to Patreon the Scriptnotes app would eventually stop working. Is that a big deal? So I need listeners to tell us what you think about moving over to a different place.

**Craig:** You know, I think we should. I’m a listener. I’m actually not a listener as you know. I’m just a talker. But I love change. Before you laugh at me, I do like technological change. I do like every now and then taking a look at what you’ve gotten used to technologically and then saying let me do a little bit of research and see if there’s something better out there. Because generally speaking there is.

So, I think we should change. No offense to Libsyn. I say let’s do it. Let’s go and do it.

**John:** All right. So I will say, we’ll get your feedback. If we do make the switch we’ll keep both things running for a while. So it’s not like Libsyn will suddenly get shut off and Patreon will take over. We’ll figure out some way so that if you’re currently burning through your catalog on the app the app will keep working for a while. And if we transition there will be a grace period hopefully moving between the two of them. So, just letting people know that there might be a change in the offing here.

**Craig:** I’m excited. Change is good.

**John:** Cool. All right. So this year at the Austin Film Festival you will be there, but I will not be there because I’m going to be giving a speech that I promised to give. It’s a prestigious speech back at my alma mater. And I want to talk a little bit about what my topic is because it’s a speech that I gave way back in 2006 and I’m giving an updated version of the speech. And it’s on professionalism. And it feels like a good topic for Scriptnotes overall because the original topic for the speech was professional writing in the rise of the amateur. And sort of that weird tension between what it means to be professional and what it means to be an amateur.

In my initial speech I argue that professionalism has five basic characteristics. First is presentation, AKA giving a shit. Accuracy. Consistency. Accountability. And peer standards. And what I was trying to do is distinguish between professionalism from getting paid for it, because we tend to think of pro as being like a pro athlete who gets paid and an amateur athlete who doesn’t get paid. And I was arguing that much more important is how you’re perceiving your own work and how you are – the standards you’re holding yourself to and the standards that others are holding yourself to that determines professional from unprofessional.

**Craig:** Yeah.

**John:** Craig, are those characteristics useful metrics for you for whether someone is acting professionally?

**Craig:** They are. I think there is a – I’m going to add one. And it’s humility. And here’s why I’m adding it. Because we’re in an interesting time right now where a lot of people – in a fantastic way a bunch of fake, bad barriers to entry are being dismantled. And a lot of cruel pointless downward pressures are being eliminated. And I think a number of people are saying, “Listen, one of the things that’s really important to do is not be shy, not be self-deprecating, stand up for yourself, self-promote. Don’t be afraid to talk about what you’ve done well.” All those things are true.

But what I sometimes see is it’s being done – because it’s sometimes an unnatural thing for people to do. So what ends up happening is it’s done in a kind of calculated way and what’s missing therefore is an honest element of humility.

**John:** Yeah.

**Craig:** And I think that professionals should – and typically do have a certain kind of humility that comes with understanding that no matter how good you do, no matter how well you do, no matter how much you’ve learned, no matter how much experience you have there’s somebody who is better than you. And that’s a wonderful thing. It means that there is room to grow.

And it keeps you I think – it keeps your feet on the ground. And it prevents what I would call healthy self-regard and self-promotion from becoming a kind of braggy, almost insecure kind of promotion. So, I think humility is really important. I try and – well, I don’t have to try. I wake up in the morning feeling terrible [laughs], so that’s easy. But I honestly as a professional when I meet another professional who I think is really good who is humble in a kind of honest way without being self-deprecating or self-damaging, it really matters. I notice it and it means a lot. And I love that.

**John:** You and I can both think of some screenwriters who are really good at their job but they are lacking any humility. And —

**Craig:** Oh god.

**John:** And they – you marginalize them because of their lack of humility. And so – and I think it’s great that you’re drawing a distinction between – you can be proud of your work, you can be proud of your presentation, you can really be focused on the hustle that gets you forward, but always having the humility to ask what if I’m wrong. Or, you know, to acknowledge that there’s others out there who are doing great work as well. I think it allows sort of a self-correcting aspect which is really crucial.

**Craig:** Correct. And I will also say that when a writer talks about something they love, let’s say I’m reading a line and there’s a writer, she’s saying, “I read this script by this person. I think it’s amazing and here’s why.” My heart just pops open. Because that to me – that’s when I go, OK, you are – I love what you’re saying and how you’re thinking. I love the fact that you’re talking about someone else. I think it’s amazing when people do that. That to me is where I really actually come to respect the person doing the praising, even more than perhaps the person they’re praising.

It’s when people start banging their own gong kind of without any sense of context or humility that I just go, OK, well you know what would be really cool? If somebody else said this about you. That would be amazing. Right? And so I love saying great things about other writers online that I love and respect and admire. I think it’s a really healthy part of being a professional. Again, I’m not saying you have to stop saying that you’ve done something good. I’m just saying maybe every – just pare it. If you’re going to sort of talk about look what I did, isn’t that awesome, hire me, pay me. These are good things, right? Also, take a look at what that person did. And hire them and pay them, too. That’s a helpful thing.

**John:** Agreed. So I’m going to put a link in the show notes to the existing speech which was back in 2006. But part of why I’m bringing it up here is that I feel like there’s a lot that needs to be updated just in terms of what’s changed in the world and also I think some of my assumptions or my – I was writing for a slightly different world but also I think my views have changed a bit.

So clearly some things have changed. As I wrote this initial essay I was talking about websites. And now of course websites are social media. And so, you know, writing a blog post is a bigger effort than sending off a tweet. And so I think a lot more people are public-facing enterprises in ways that they weren’t back in the day. And so what does professionalism mean in a tweet is a different thing. It’s not just about – it’s not the grammar but it’s looking at how are you engaging with the wider world. Are you being fair to the people that you are calling out? Call out culture in general. The cycle of outrage is something that is very different.

And I see writers piling on in ways that are just not helpful or good or professionalism. And certainly doesn’t show any of those five or now six characteristics that we’re looking for in a professional.

I look at #MeToo and the degree to which I think sometimes professionalism can be used as synonymous with keeping your mouth shut. And that wasn’t good.

**Craig:** Mm-hmm. No.

**John:** That didn’t work out. I look at Donald Trump and breaking all norms and having no shame. Having no humility whatsoever.

**Craig:** Yeah.

**John:** And so I think we have to acknowledge that it’s tougher to argue that the only way to be successful is to be professional when you have the most unprofessional person I can imagine running the country.

**Craig:** Is he? [laughs] Is he running anything?

**John:** I don’t know.

**Craig:** Don’t you just think that they just give that baby a rattle in the morning and then tuck him in at night with a hamburger.

**John:** Yeah. I mean, somehow he got there.

**Craig:** Yeah.

**John:** We can parse all the things that happened but it makes it tough to aspire to the highest standards when you see that the person who got the highest office has none of those standards.

**Craig:** Yeah. This is when it’s the hardest – it’s easy to be a professional when it’s not hard to be a professional. And it’s hard to be a professional when it’s hard to be a professional. And when you’re surrounded by amateurs and when it is amateur hour and when you are tempted to stand up and say, “Does anyone in this room understand how stupid you all are and how under-qualified you all are and how over-authorized you all are?” Those are the moments where it’s really hard to maintain your professionalism. And yet generally speaking when you blow it you blow it. You know?

**John:** Yeah.

**Craig:** You just have to kind of be patient. It’s the worst. And it’s not fair and it’s particularly not fair to people who have historically been excluded to finally arrive and then be told, “Oh, and also now you have to be patient again because for this, and this, and this.” And I understand why people don’t want to be patient. And in some circumstances they shouldn’t. You know, I know I’m old school. I know that. But by and large being professional in the long run will accrue to your benefit. I believe that as an article of faith.

**John:** Yes. I would say that part of being professional is sort of peer standards and I think we have to acknowledge that for a very long time those peer standards were set by, you know, straight white men.

**Craig:** Yes. Yes.

**John:** And so what was professional was their expectation. And so they could use unprofessional as a cudgel against anybody who didn’t match those things. And so we always have to be questioning and challenging what those things are. And so code switching as an example of using different speech with different people that’s a natural thing. And so that we don’t recognize that people who are working for us are going to do that is ridiculous. And we have to sort of broaden our expectations of what is appropriate in different places. And that people’s backgrounds are going to influence how they are presenting themselves and that’s natural.

And that you sort of want people working for you that reflect a wide range of experience because that’s the only way you’re going to be getting all the information that you should be getting in.

**Craig:** Yeah. And to be clear, being professional doesn’t mean that suddenly solomonically you know exactly what the answer to every conflict is. We are now in a space where we are running into conflicts that we weren’t expecting or hadn’t previously defined and we’re not quite sure what to do about them at times. I’m speaking about people that are in authority and have the ability to make decisions or set policy. We’re all learning to some extent together. And negotiating together. And, of course – and this is the big secret – people are individuals. So we can come up with policies and conventional wisdoms but for certain individuals they just don’t agree. I mean, it’s hard, right? You can’t just say, “Well, in general the way we should treat this group of people is blankety-blank.”

90% of those people will say, “Yes, thank you.” And 10% will say, “I hate that.” So now what do you do if some of those 10% are in your room working for you? It’s really – I think we have to give each other a little bit of a break while we figure this out.

**John:** Yeah. And on the topic of figuring stuff out, like a thing that came up recently was Walter Mosley, a great writer, who left the writers’ room of Star Trek Discovery because he used the N-word. Walter Mosley is black. And so is it fair for Walter Mosley to use that word in the room? Is it appropriate for Walter Mosley to use that word in the room? I don’t know. I don’t have an answer for you. But that was an issue. And so that’s a thing we have to figure out.

I see staff writers on Twitter who are asked to promote their show or to live tweet show but are also called out for having their own opinions at times. And that’s a thing we have to figure out. We have influencers whose whole – who make their living–

**Craig:** Blech.

**John:** –seeming like they’re just normal people or whatever, but it’s their authenticity that is selling a brand, but they are the brand. That’s a weird thing. It makes me really uncomfortable.

**Craig:** Yeah. Why don’t we just replace the word influencer with sociopaths? Isn’t that what that is? [laughs]

**John:** I know two influencers who are genuinely great people. But is challenging to know sort of like, OK, are you actually having fun or are you having fun for a brand? And that’s, yes.

**Craig:** You know, the Walter Mosley thing is fascinating. The only details I know were from the story I read, but it seems like there was an African-American writer on staff who complained to HR and then Walter Mosley – I don’t know if he was just immediately terminated. I think they kind of had a discussion with him. And from what I sussed out he said, “Yeah, no, I’m not going to apologize for that.” And then they said, OK, well you’ve got to go.

Whenever I see these things, these stories of this sort I think please remember, Craig, that you weren’t there and you don’t know everything.

**John:** Yep.

**Craig:** I don’t know – do you know how many times you think you understand something and then somebody comes up to you and says, “Oh, let me just tell you what actually happened and the way it happened.” And you go, “Ooohhh.”

**John:** Yeah.

**Craig:** So there are times where I think like, what, they did what? And then you find out everything and you go, oh yeah, I totally get it now. We just don’t know. But oh my god, does that not stop us from yapping our judgments out there into the world. Like we are Galactus ready to eat the planet for the crime of whatever outrage we’re currently simmering over. We just don’t know. And by the way, you and I – one thing we both are sure of is that in general the entertainment journalism industry not great at reporting full facts, context, et cetera.

**John:** Yep. Context is tough. And I would say but at least entertainment press might have a thousand words to dedicate to something. A tweet doesn’t. So a tweet has almost no context. You’re sort of creating context around the outrage storm that’s there. And that ain’t healthy.

**Craig:** No.

**John:** But another thing which is worth noticing is that sometimes what’s professional can feel artificial. It can feel not real or authentic because like, oh, you’re trying too hard. And that’s a weird thing that we’re at now, too. Where just like using full sentences, you know, proper punctuation, things are changing but there’s still an expectation of sort of how things are supposed to be working.

So, just recognizing that I think the core characteristics of professionalism are probably enduring. And I’m going to probably add humility as one of those. But figuring out how those apply to a quickly changing world is the challenge we’re always going to be wrestling with. Which is why I can give this speech in October and then a few years later I’m going to have to update it again because things will have changed.

**Craig:** I think that’s the most important thing. And that is what’s going to keep you from being cranky old man. I mean, look, I was born a cranky old man. But what I’m trying to avoid is a cranky old man set in his ways. As long you are keeping tabs on the way the world changes and you’re listening to people from a wide range of ages and races and orientations and beliefs then you should be able to adapt as the world changes. You will not be young ever again. You will not be current in the way that a 25-year-old is current. Not possible. Nor should it be.

But what you can avoid is being ignorant, stuck in your ways, blinkered, whatever word you want to come up with for somebody that’s just decided I’m checking out. Like, look, I know somewhere along the line I just said I can’t keep up with new music anymore. It’s over. Right? It’s over. That’s fine. No problem. I’m OK to let that go and just live with the 70 years of music that that I know and I feel good about. Fine.

But when it comes to the way our society functions and in particular the way our business functions and the way professional writers function it’s incumbent upon me to listen – and again be humble – and not immediately go, “Wah, these kids,” even though I did take a shot at millennials earlier, because sometimes they are dicks.

**John:** All right. Let’s answer some listener questions. We have two questions here about credits. Craig, you know a ton about credits so maybe we’ll ask you these questions. Tim writes, “On When They See Us I notice that Ava DuVernay has a strange story credit. Can you shed some light on to why she’s on there twice?” And the credit he’s linking to is “Story by Ava DuVernay and Ana DuVernay & Julian Breece.” Craig tell us.

**Craig:** Sure. It does look weird. And here’s how that functions. When you write as a team with somebody you are considered a unique writer for the purposes of credit determination. So Ava DuVernay & Julian Breece. They wrote together as a team. That is considered a writer. Ava DuVernay also clearly worked on this on her own. That’s a different writer. So Ava DuVernay on her own is considered a discrete writer from Ava DuVernay and Julian Breece.

Now, you go into an arbitration if there is – in this case I don’t know if there was an arbitration.

**John:** I suspect it would have to be because she was a producer on the show. She was a production executive on the show.

**Craig:** Yeah, so there was an automatic arbitration. And so what happens is they look at all the material. They don’t see names. What they see is Writer A and Writer B and Writer C and Writer D. In this case let’s just say there was Writer A and Writer B. Writer A was Ava DuVernay. Writer B was Ava DuVernay and Julian Breece. The arbiters look at it and they go, “You know what? Story seems to be Writer A. Deserves Story credit. And so does Writer B. That’s what it is.”

Now, I believe – I could be wrong – I’m pretty sure that as a writer you have the option in this circumstance to collapse the credit down. So you don’t have to have your name twice. In this case, I don’t know if she chose to have her name twice or if she wasn’t aware that was an option. Or, third possibility, I’m just wrong about this. But I don’t thing I am. I think you can collapse your name down and it just would say Ava DuVernay & Julian Breece.

But, the Writers Guild would understand that you actually do have more of a percentage of that credit for the purposes of distributing residuals. Because residuals are based on the credits. So in this case – like in features Story is worth 25% of residuals. So if you are Story by Ava DuVernay and Ava DuVernay & Julian Breece, half of that 25% would go to Ava and half of the other half of 25% would go to Ava, and then the rest would go to Julian Breece.

So you can collapse your credits down to avoid this weird syndrome of double naming. But you would not lose your fair percentage of residuals as a result.

**John:** Yes. So the crucial take away from that is this was probably a result of arbitration and the folks who were assigning those credits they didn’t see names. They just saw Writer A and Writer B. And you wouldn’t think twice about it if it was just Writer A and Writer B. It’s just a weird situation where Writer B is a team that also includes Writer A.

**Craig:** Yeah. I believe – and I believe this collapsing down thing is possible because I think I’ve done it.

**John:** OK. Cool. Nick from Sydney, Australia, who lives in LA, asks, “Can a Created by TV credit be taken away in the same way that a writing credit can in cases where subsequent writers make substantial changes to a screenplay? For example, if I secure a Created by credit on my contract for work on a pilot script and series bible, but then another showrunner takes over the project and makes substantial changes. Can I have the credit taken away? Is there arbitration for such an action?”

Craig, talk us through Created by.

**Craig:** OK, I have an answer. I looked it up. So, a Created by credit comes from an original series and there are two ways you can get – you become eligible for a Created credit. You write a format for the series. I think in that sense what it means is an outline or bible. Or, and/or, you receive Story by or Written by credit on the pilot episode of the series.

Generally if no format has been written, so that would be the equivalent of a treatment in features, then the Created by credit will go to the writers who receive the Story by or Written by credit on the pilot. And that’s how that works. So it is a function of the WGA making a determination. You can’t be guaranteed it. There must be a final determination of credits on the pilot episode of the series.

So, what I would say to Nick from Sydney, Australia is if you wrote the pilot script and the series bible, the series bible in and of itself should guarantee you a Created by credit. Somebody else could add on if they receive a Story by or Written by credit on the pilot, then they too would be eligible for a Created by credit.

**John:** All right. It’s time for our One Cool Things. This is the fall. So it means that I have to have one of my One Cool Things be the Flu Shot.

**Craig:** Yeah.

**John:** A good friend of ours was felled by the flu this past week. So, guys, get the flu shot. It’s basically like the cheapest insurance you can get for like not being sick for a week to ten days. Just get your Flu Shot.

**Craig:** Get it.

**John:** It’s good. It’s helpful.

**Craig:** Get it.

**John:** I can also recommend that if you are using Highland2, the pro upgrade on Highland2, there’s a new item underneath the help menu for the Highland2 Slack Channel. So if you’re a Pro member you can join on Slack where we are discussing features that are coming to Highland and you get an early look at things. So if you are a person who uses Slack or a person who might want to use Slack we have a channel now for those pro users. And you should come join us there and we can talk about the future of Highland because there’s some really cool things coming down the pike.

**Craig:** Fantastic. It is fall. And so I feel like if they could only come up with a pumpkin spice Flu Shot.

**John:** Oh. That would do it. Sell a thousand of them.

**Craig:** Right? [Crosstalk]

**John:** I have last request of listeners. One of the things we’re working on in Highland is support for scripts that are written right to left, so Arabic and Hebrew and some other languages. What we’re really lacking is examples of scripts written in those languages. And so I’ve seen scripts written in most of the Roman languages, like European languages. I’ve not seen scripts in a lot of other languages. And so I know some people use Word or other places. But if you are a listener who is working in screenplays in languages other than English and you feel like sending us a copy, just a PDF so we can take a look at what it looks like, that would be great. So just send it through to ask@johnaugust.com.

We just would love a bigger corpus of scripts from outside the US and Europe to take a look at sort of how we can do a better job working with those languages.

**Craig:** I’ve weighted my whole life to just look at you pouring over a Hebrew text.

**John:** Absolutely. What’s the name of the stick you use as you read the Torah?

**Craig:** You know, that’s a great question. I don’t know. Well, the deal with the stick, traditionally it’s a silver rod with a hand. It’s a little bit like the hand from the hand of the queen or the hand of the king in Game of Thrones. So it’s a pointer in the shape of a hand and finger. And the purpose of that is you’re not supposed to touch the Torah because you’re desecrating it with your stupid human finger or something. Because it’s so important.

God, I’m such an atheist. But, yeah, I used that thing. I used the stick when I was a young bar mitzvah boy.

**John:** Craig, I’ve never asked. What was your bar mitzvah passage? Like what were you assigned?

**Craig:** Do not remember. But I will tell you that it was from Jeremiah. I remember it was from Jeremiah. Not one of your more popular chapters of the Old Testament. But here’s the weird part. This is actually kind of bizarre. So the Jewish calendar is not like the January to December calendar that we use. It is a lunar calendar. This is why for instance Easter is constantly shuffling around. Because Easter is based on Passover. And Passover moves around per the Jewish calendar.

So, when you are a bar mitzvah boy or a bat mitzvah girl you get assigned what’s called a Haftarah which is your portion of the Torah that you’re supposed to read, AKA memorize blindly because you don’t speak the language. And the Torah is read from beginning to end throughout the Jewish year. And there’s a holiday called Simchat Torah which is, yay, we get to start over again and read it again. So, over the course of the year every Saturday or Friday and Saturday there is a chunk that you read to progress your way through. Meaning your birthday will roughly coincide with a general section, depending on what year it is.

Here’s the weird part. My birthday is in April, early April. My father’s birthday is in early June. That’s two months apart. My father’s parents were so proud of him, because they were so Jewish, that in 19 – he was 13 in 1955. They took him to a small recording studio in Manhattan and made him do his Haftarah thing into a microphone which was pressed onto a vinyl 78 RPM disc.

**John:** That’s amazing.

**Craig:** And he had it. And he took it out while I was studying my thing. And he took it out to play it and I said, oh my god, it’s the same one. We had the same one. Isn’t that weird?

**John:** That is great and weird.

**Craig:** It’s great and weird.

**John:** Yeah, so I mean mathematically not impossible, but still great when those things happen.

**Craig:** It was highly unlikely but, yeah, so we both had the same torture, reciting the same who cares paragraph at length. That’s this week’s Jew Corner with Craig Jew Mazin. My One Cool Thing this week is Seven Cool Things if I may. Not this past Sunday when we won/almost won/sort of won/lost everything at the Emmys, the Sunday prior was the Creative Arts Emmys where a whole bunch of our Chernobyl professionals were nominated for Emmys. And seven of them won.

And I am so proud of them. And so I just wanted to say their names and what they won because it was a joy. I was just – can I just be Jewish again for a second. I was kvelling. I was kvelling. I really was. I’m so proud of them. So I’m just going to say who they were because they did such a good job. So, Stuart Hilliker and Vincent Piponnier, our rerecording and production mixers won for Outstanding Sound Mixing for a Limited Series or Movie. And this was a great one. Outstanding Production Design for a Narrative, Period, or Fantasy program one hour or more, we won, Luke Hull, production designer, Karen Wayfield, art director, and Claire Levinson, set director. And on that one we even beat Game of Thrones.

**John:** How nice is that?

**Craig:** I mean, it was pretty good. I was sitting right behind Dan and Dave, so on that one we were kind of giving each other [unintelligible], but you know what? It was good. They won like 10 Emmys that night. So congrats to them.

We also won for Outstanding Special Visual Effects in a supporting role. And that was – there’s a whole bunch of guys and women, but Max Denison and Lindsay McFarland were our leads on that one.

We won for Outstanding Single Camera Picture Editing for a Limited Series or Movie. That was won by one of our editors, Simon Smith. So fantastic for him.

This was a great one. We also won Outstanding Music Composition for a Limited Series, Movie, or Special. That was Hildur Guonadottir who was our amazing composer. And by the way won an Emmy for Chernobyl. She – I’m predicting – is going to be nominated for an Oscar for Joker. So she’s having one hell of a year. I mean, oh god, I love her so much. So I’m so happy to see that.

And we also won Outstanding Sound Editing for a Limited Series, Movie, or Special. That was Stefan, Joe, Michael, Harry, Andy, and Anna.

And we won Outstanding Cinematography for a Limited Series or Movie and that was Jakob Ihre, the amazing Jakob Ihre, who was our director DP.

So congratulations to all of our winners and also we had I think six other nominees and so we are just so proud of all of them. I couldn’t be happier with that result. It was a fantastic night. And the best part was I didn’t even have to worry. I didn’t have to be nervous. I didn’t have to think of a speech or any of that nonsense. So, that was the best part of this whole thing.

**John:** Absolutely. Congratulations again to all of them and to you, Craig, or–

**Craig:** Or not. [laughs]

**John:** Or not. [laughs] Congratulations on the show regardless. And that’s our episode for this week. Scriptnotes is produced by Megana Rao. It was edited by Matthew Chilelli. Our outro this week is by John Spurney. If you have an outro, and we’re kind of running low on outros here folks, please send us a link to ask@johnaugust.com. That’s also the place where you can send longer questions like the ones we answered today. But on Twitter, of course, Craig is @clmazin. I’m @johnaugust.

If you have thoughts about professionalism, if you have thoughts about the switch from Libsyn over to Patreon or some other stuff like that hit us up. Tell us on Twitter or send us an email. Because we want to know what you think.

You can find the show notes for this episode and all episodes at johnaugust.com. That’s also where you’ll find the transcripts. You’ll find all the back episodes at Scriptnotes.net. You need to sign up there in order to use the Scriptnotes app for iOS or Android, neither of which is quite up to snuff and I’m sorry about that.

You can also download 50-episode seasons at store.johnaugust.com

Craig, thanks and congratulations. Next week is going to be a big show for a secret reason that people don’t know yet.

**Craig:** Ooh, I’m so excited. I don’t think I know it either.

**John:** You know who the guest is.

**Craig:** Oh, I do. Yeah, it’s pretty great. [laughs]

**John:** Cool.

**Craig:** Have a nice week. Bye.

**John:** Bye.

Links:

* [The Emmy Award Winners](https://www.emmys.com/awards/nominees-winners) Congrats Craig!
* [WGA Election Results](https://www.wga.org/news-events/news/press/wgaw-announces-2019-officers-and-board-of-directors-election-results)
* [She Said: Breaking the Sexual Harassment Story That Helped Ignite a Movement](https://www.amazon.com/She-Said-Breaking-Harassment-Movement/dp/0525560343) by Jodi Kantor and Megan Twohey
* [Why I Quit the Writer’s Room](https://www.nytimes.com/2019/09/06/opinion/sunday/walter-mosley.html) by Walter Mosley
* [Professional Writing and the Rise of the Amateur](https://johnaugust.com/2006/professional-writing-and-the-rise-of-the-amateur)
* [John August](https://twitter.com/johnaugust) on Twitter
* [Craig Mazin](https://twitter.com/clmazin) on Twitter
* [John on Instagram](https://www.instagram.com/johnaugust/?hl=en)
* [Outro](http://johnaugust.com/2013/scriptnotes-the-outros) by Jon Spurney ([send us yours!](http://johnaugust.com/2014/outros-needed))

Email us at ask@johnaugust.com

You can download the episode [here](http://traffic.libsyn.com/scriptnotes/scriptnotes_ep_419_professionalism.mp3)

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